scholarly journals The public sector wage premium and fiscal consolidation in Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (215) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Vladisavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Wage Premium ◽  
Fiscal Deficit ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
The Difference

Responding to a high fiscal deficit, the Serbian government introduced a set of fiscal consolidation measures at the beginning of 2015, including a 10% public sector wage cut. This paper analyses the difference in wages between the public and the private sector in Serbia and changes in the public sector wage premium after the measures were introduced. The results show that, similarly to many other countries, wages in the Serbian public sector are on average higher than in the private sector, partially due to the better labour market characteristics of public sector workers. The public sector wage premium was 17.4% in 2014 and was mainly driven by higher returns to education, work experience, and occupation in this sector. In 2015 the premium dropped by 6 percentage points due to a lessening of the difference in returns between the sectors. Therefore, in addition to reducing budget expenditures, fiscal consolidation in Serbia has reduced wage inequality between these sectors.

scholarly journals Intrinsic Motivations of Public Sector Employees: Evidence for Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Dur ◽  
Robin Zoutenbier
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Employment ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Intrinsic Motivations ◽  
The Difference

AbstractWe examine differences in altruism and laziness between public sector employees and private sector employees. Our theoretical model predicts that the likelihood of public sector employment increases with a worker’s altruism, and increases or decreases with a worker’s laziness depending on his altruism. Using questionnaire data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study, we find that public sector employees are significantly more altruistic and lazy than observationally equivalent private sector employees. A series of robustness checks show that these patterns are stronger among higher educated workers; that the sorting of altruistic people to the public sector takes place only within the caring industries; and that the difference in altruism is already present at the start of people’s career, while the difference in laziness is only present for employees with sufficiently long work experience.

scholarly journals Are Victorian elective surgery cases still converting from overnight to same day cases?

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Brian W T Hanning
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Diagnosis Related Group ◽  
The Public ◽  
Related Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Sectors

The conversion rate on a diagnosis related group (DRG)-standardised basis of Victorian private overnight (ON) elective surgery cases to same day (SD) cases declined from 4.7% per annum over 1996?97 to 1998?996 to 2.5% per annum over 1998?99 to 2002?03. Similar analysis within the Victorian public sector shows a decline from 3.8% per annum over 1996?97 to 1998?996 to 1.9% over 1998?99 to 2002?03. Comparison on a DRG-standardised basis shows while the public sector continued to show a higher incidence of elective surgery SD cases than the private sector in 2002?03 (by 1.6%). The difference has declined since 1998?99 when it was 2.4%. DRG-based analysis suggests the conversion rate in both sectors and the difference in SD surgery cases between the two sectors will continue to decline. Future savings in recurrent and capital cost due to ON surgery cases becoming SD cases are likely to be much lower than savings in recent years.

Analysis of Public Servants' Working in Municipality Administration Motivation Research

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
Jolanta Palidauskaitė ◽  
Aušra Vaisvalavičiutė
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Great Responsibility

The aim of the article is to reveal the results of research of Lithuanian public servants motivation, which was conducted in early 2010 as an integral part of public servants motivation research conducted in 12 countries. The results of the research revealed, that a larger part of respondents were minded to participate in public life, sympathized to others and were prepared to sacrifice for them and welfare of the society. Not all respondents were certain, that the main purpose of their activity was serving for the good of the society. Goodwill, sympathy, a wish to help needy people, aspiration for justice were not strange to respondents, but they were not ready to suffer individual losses for this. Younger respondents and those whose work experience in public service was short, were less ready to compassionate others or to sacrifice for them. Although new methods and means (absorbed form the private sector) are applied in the public sector, the great responsibility, the duty to care for welfare of all society and public interest cannot be forgotten. These factors must be taken into account in the processes of public servants training and their socialization at work place.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.10.1.234

FINANCIAL DISCRIMINATION AND WAGE INEQUALITY IN CHINA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
JIANCAI PI ◽  
PENGQING ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Intermediate Product ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Substitution Elasticity

This paper investigates how financial discrimination influences skilled-unskilled wage inequality in China. In the basic model, we find that a reduction of financial discrimination will reduce skilled-unskilled wage inequality. In the extended model, we find that skilled-unskilled wage inequality will be narrowed down if and only if the substitution elasticity of unskilled labor and the intermediate product in the private sector is larger than that of the skilled labor and capital in the public sector. When considering the reality of China, we predict that a reduction of financial discrimination leads to the decline of wage inequality.

scholarly journals Financing the Urban Water Sector in the United States of America, with Possible Implementation in the Sultanate of Oman

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ghiyath Nakshbendi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
The Public

The world has been experiencing a change in water and sewage infrastructure ownership and management. At one end, the public sector in developing countries has been moving towards engaging the private sector in the management and operation of water and sewage sectors. In the United States, the trend is catching up, even though there has been a mixed experience in the involvement of the private sector. While most urban facilities are owned by the public entities of the concerned urban centers, striking up a balanced involvement of both sectors is gradually taking shape. The paper focuses on financing urban water and sewage sectors in selected areas of the United States. An attempt is made to assess the viability and suitability of utilizing some of these methods in the Sultanate of Oman. The distribution system in the Sultanate of Oman is managed by the public sector; like in other countries, the private sector is getting involved on a gradual basis. There is more reliance on the private sector to manage the water sector worldwide. Can this happen in the Sultanate of Oman? The method will rely on analysis of the available data and the researcher’s work experience in the financial sector. 

Mobility as a Service Operating Model to Enable Public Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110266
Author(s):  
Christina Joy Ditmore ◽  
Angela K. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Operating Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Equity And Access ◽  
Policy Goals

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is the concept through which travelers plan, book, and pay for public or private transport on a single platform using either a service or subscription-based model. Observations of current projects identified two distinct approaches to enabling MaaS: the private-sector approach defined as a “business model,” and the public sector approach that manifests as an “operating model.” The distinction between these models is significant. MaaS provides a unique opportunity for the public sector to set and achieve public policy goals by leveraging emerging technologies in favor of the public good. Common policy goals that relate to transportation include equity and access considerations, environmental impact, congestion mitigation, and so forth. Strategies to address these policy goals include behavioral incentivization and infrastructure reallocation. This study substantiates two models for implementing MaaS and expanding on the public sector approach, to enable policy in favor of the public good.

Relationship between CSR motivations and corporate social performance: a study in the power industry in India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moumita Acharyya ◽  
Tanuja Agarwala
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Corporate Social Performance ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Public And Private Sector

PurposeThe paper aims to understand the different motivations / reasons for engaging in CSR initiatives by the organizations. In addition, the study also examines the relationship between CSR motivations and corporate social performance (CSP).Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from two power sector organizations: one was a private sector firm and the other was a public sector firm. A comparative analysis of the variables with respect to private and public sector organizations was conducted. A questionnaire survey was administered among 370 employees working in the power sector, with 199 executives from public sector and 171 from private sector.Findings“Philanthropic” motivation emerged as the most dominant CSR motivation among both the public and private sector firms. The private sector firm was found to be significantly higher with respect to “philanthropic”, “enlightened self-interest” and “normative” CSR motivations when compared with the public sector firms. Findings suggest that public and private sector firms differed significantly on four CSR motivations, namely, “philanthropic”, “enlightened self-interest”, “normative” and “coercive”. The CSP score was significantly different among the two power sector firms of public and private sectors. The private sector firm had a higher CSP level than the public sector undertaking.Research limitations/implicationsFurther studies in the domain need to address differences in CSR motivations and CSP across other sectors to understand the role of industry characteristics in influencing social development targets of organizations. Research also needs to focus on demonstrating the relationship between CSP and financial performance of the firms. Further, the HR outcomes of CSR initiatives and measurement of CSP indicators, such as attracting and retaining talent, employee commitment and organizational climate factors, need to be assessed.Originality/valueThe social issues are now directly linked with the business model to ensure consistency and community development. The results reveal a need for “enlightened self-interest” which is the second dominant CSR motivation among the organizations. The study makes a novel contribution by determining that competitive and coercive motivations are not functional as part of organizational CSR strategy. CSR can never be forced as the very idea is to do social good. Eventually, the CSR approach demands a commitment from within. The organizations need to emphasize more voluntary engagement of employees and go beyond statutory requirements for realizing the true CSR benefits.

scholarly journals Grey Clustering Evaluation for the Cooperation Efficiency of PPP Project: Taking Beijing Metro Line 4 as an Example

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Sun ◽  
Yingzi Liang ◽  
Yuning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Clustering Model ◽  
Grey Clustering ◽  
Public Products ◽  
Infrastructure Project

PPP model is an important model which provides public products or services based on the coordination between the public sector and private sector. The implementation of PPP model is helpful for relieving the stress of insufficient funding for public sector and improving the efficiency of resource allocation. Comparing with traditional infrastructure project, PPP project involves many stakeholders, and the cooperation efficiency during the different stakeholders impacts the results of the project directly. Thus, it is important to explore the cooperation efficiency of PPP project. Based on grey clustering model, this paper evaluates the cooperation efficiency of PPP project. An evaluation index system including 36 indexes is established based on the aims and objectives of three stakeholders (public sector, private sector, and passengers). A case study of Beijing Metro Line 4 PPP project is implemented to verify the validity and applicability of the evaluation model. And the results showed that the cooperation efficiency of Beijing Metro Line 4 PPP project is relatively high. The model also provided insights into the shortage of the cooperation efficiency of Beijing Metro Line 4 PPP project. As such, the results can assist all stakeholders in adjusting the cooperation efficiency.

scholarly journals THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS ON PERFORMANCE

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S328-S357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudine Kearney ◽  
Robert D. Hisrich ◽  
Bostjan Antoncic
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Sector Organizations

A model is proposed that tests the antecedents and the mediating effect of corporate entrepreneurship on the external environment-performance relationship within private and public sector organizations. Hypotheses were tested using data from a sample of chief executive officers in 51 private sector organizations in the United States, 141 private sector organizations in Slovenia and 134 public sector state and semi-state enterprises in Ireland. Data was analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. The results show that dynamism and munificence effects on performance are mediated by an organization's corporate entrepreneurship in the private sector and munificence effects on performance are mediated by an organization's renewal in the public sector and that renewal must be in place to maximize the effect of munificence on performance. The results support a model that incorporates an extensive and diverse literature into a single model and helps illuminate similarities and differences of corporate entrepreneurship between the private sector and the public sector. The study shows that an integrative model and the interplay among the constructs yields new insights unavailable to single and focused approaches. It offers new insights about corporate entrepreneurship, not only as a discrete pursuit, but also as a construct that shapes and extends organizational performance.

Sociology after Fordism: Prospects and problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Holmwood
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
Sociological Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
New Form

A number of commentators have suggested that the shift from a Fordist to a post-Fordist regime of political economy has had positive consequences for sociology, including the reinforcement of critical sociologies ( Burawoy, 2005 ; Steinmetz, 2005 ). This article argues that, although disciplinary hierarchies have been destabilized, what is emerging is a new form of instrumental knowledge, that of applied interdisciplinary social studies. This development has had a particular impact upon sociology. Savage and Burrows (2007) , for example, argue that sociological knowledge no longer has a privileged claim to authority and is increasingly in competition with social knowledge produced by the private sector and agencies of the public sector. The response of many sociologists to such claims has been to reassert the importance of the discipline as the purveyor of critically relevant knowledge about society. The article traces how the idea of internal critique within sociology has developed to embrace ‘knowing capitalism’ ( Thrift, 2005 ), at the same time as declaring the impossibility of sociological knowledge. The critique of sociology also becomes the critique of critique and what remains is the instrumentalization of knowledge. Where many sociologists continue to claim a special interest in critical knowledge, the article suggests that, in contrast, we potentially confront the problem that such knowledge may itself be facing a crisis of reproduction.

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