scholarly journals Livestock in rural piedmont regions of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
Khalila Bengouga ◽  
L LahmadiSalwa ◽  
Reguia Zeguerou ◽  
Moufida Maaoui ◽  
Youcef Halis
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
The Self ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Mixed Farming ◽  
North East ◽  
The Family ◽  
Breeding Mode ◽  
Semi Arid

A livestock survey conducted during 2013/2015 as part of a CRSTRA project in 4 villages situated at North east Biskra and south Batna in Algeria. These regions are located at elevation ranging around 250-831m asl, experiencing arid and semi-arid Mediterranean climate. Respondents of 86 families demonstrated that livestock is an integral part of the region?s mixed farming systems. Low livestock numbers per most households at present reflect the self-consumption breeding mode adapted in these regions. Currently, farmers focus on four main livestock types; goat, sheep, chicken and bee keeping in two regions, it is the case of Beni Souik and Branis , while Maafa includes beyond these types, turkey and pigeon whereas Ain Zaatout includes duck and swine beside the previous livestock types. In the same context; goat ranked first in the four regions, goat and sheep secondly then goat and poultry with goat combined to sheep and poultry in third place. Thus; most families use a combination of grazing, agriculture sub-products and industrial products for the nutrition of their livestock. Families keep livestock as source of milk, butter, wool or hair, leather and other products that are strongly used as nutritional, weaving supply or stocking covering resources for the family members or friends and in some cases for sell to seekers of animal products of indigenous territory origins. Most families use these products for family and friend consumption while a minority sell some of them on local markets.

scholarly journals Mixing specialized farming systems in Flevoland (The Netherlands): agronomic, environmental and socio-economic effects

1999 ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
J.F.F.P. Bos ◽  
G.W.J. Van De Ven
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Nutrient Balances ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Mixed Farming ◽  
Labour Income ◽  
Key Factor

Mixed farming systems have potential agronomic, environmental and socio-economic advantages over specialized farming systems. This paper attempts to quantify these advantages for the Dutch province Flevoland. A mixed farming system at regional level is characterized by intensive cooperation between two or more specialized farms, each producing crop or animal products. To test the hypothesis that such a mixed farming system might improve sustainability of agriculture in Flevoland, nutrient balances, labour requirements and labour income were quantified for a specialized arable farm, a specialized dairy farm and both combined into a mixed farming system, exchanging land, labour and machinery. Scope for reduced biocide use in the mixed farming system was assessed in a qualitative way. In the mixed farming system, labour income per ha was 25% higher. Seventy percent of this increase could be explained through higher yields per ha of the profitable crops ware potato (Solanum tuberosum) and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). The remaining 30% resulted from lower costs, mainly through a better utilization of available labour. Differences between the combined nutrient balance of both specialized farms and that of the mixed farming system were small. Indications of reduced biocide use in the mixed farming system could not be found. It was concluded that in a mixed farming system, it is possible to realize a higher income without increasing environmental pollution. Key factor is the ratio between animal and arable production, determining the extent to which crop rotations can be widened and the relative amounts of slurry that can be applied to grassland.

Agriculture in the Oasis of the Manga Grasslands of Semi-Arid North-East Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Alhassan ◽  
R.C. Carter ◽  
I. Audu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Economy ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Confined Water ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
North East ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Semi Arid

Peasant farmers in the Manga Grasslands of semi-arid north-east Nigeria depend largely on agriculture for their livelihood. However, recurrent drought since the early 1970s has disrupted the traditional farming systems of the region, and hence the agriculture-based rural economy of the Grasslands. There is evidence that farmers in the Grasslands are obliged to intensify crop production in areas with ‘good’ soils and ‘adequate’ water supply, that is, the oases. The rich organic soils and the shallow, semi-confined water table beneath the oases are precious natural resources for intensive agriculture. These do not come without a price, however, as the rich, organic soils have the potential to be contaminated by acid sulphate and salt. It is expected that future soil creation, particularly under dry climatic conditions, will lead to the formation of true acid sulphate soils, and consequently, the twin processes of soil acidification and salinization will present real management problems for sustainable agriculture. It is concluded however, that under the prevailing soil, hydrological and climatic conditions of the oasis, sustainable agricultural production remains elusive.

scholarly journals Effects of climate change and adaptation on the livestock component of mixed farming systems: A modelling study from semi-arid Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 282-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Descheemaeker ◽  
Mink Zijlstra ◽  
Patricia Masikati ◽  
Olivier Crespo ◽  
Sabine Homann-Kee Tui
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Mixed Farming ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Modelling Study

The socialization of Filipino youth in the family: Relating with others and thinking about the self

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Carlo Y. Santos ◽  
Isabelle C. Yujuico ◽  
Marie Rose G. Henson
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Family

THE CLASSIFICATION OF LAND ACCORDING TO THE DEGREE OF RABBIT INFESTATION IN CENTRAL OTAGO

1987 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
I.G.C. Kerr ◽  
J.M. Williams ◽  
W.D. Ross ◽  
J.M. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
European Rabbit ◽  
Cultural Modification ◽  
Classification Information ◽  
Semi Arid

The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) introduced into New Zealand in the 183Os, has consistently flourished in Central Otago, the upper Waitaki, and inland Marlborough, all areas of mediterranean climate. It has proved difficult to manage in these habitats. The 'rabbit problem' is largely confined to 105,000 ha of low producing land mostly in semi arid areas of Central Otago. No field scale modifications of the natural habitat have been successful in limiting rabbit numbers. The costs of control exceed the revenue from the land and continued public funding for control operations appears necessary. A system for classifying land according to the degree of rabbit proneness is described. Soil survey and land classification information for Central Otago is related to the distribution and density of rabbits. This intormation can be used as a basis for defining rabbit carrying capacity and consequent land use constraints and management needs. It is concluded that the natural rabbit carrying capacity of land can be defined by reference to soil survey information and cultural modification to the natural vegetation. Classification of land according to rabbit proneness is proposed as a means of identifying the need for, and allocation of, public funding tor rabbit management. Keywords: Rabbit habitat, rabbit proneness, use of rabbit prone land.

scholarly journals Molecular characteristics of S-RNase alleles as the determinant of self-incompatibility in the style of Fragaria viridis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianke Du ◽  
Chunfeng Ge ◽  
Tingting Li ◽  
Sanhong Wang ◽  
Zhihong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diploid Species ◽  
The Self ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Intraspecific Hybridization ◽  
Noncoding Sequences ◽  
Family Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genotype Identification ◽  
Rnase T2

AbstractStrawberry (Fragaria spp.) is a member of the Rosoideae subfamily in the family Rosaceae. The self-incompatibility (SI) of some diploid species is a key agronomic trait that acts as a basic pollination barrier; however, the genetic mechanism underlying SI control in strawberry remains unclear. Two candidate S-RNases (Sa- and Sb-RNase) identified in the transcriptome of the styles of the self-incompatible Fragaria viridis 42 were confirmed to be SI determinants at the S locus following genotype identification and intraspecific hybridization using selfing progenies. Whole-genome collinearity and RNase T2 family analysis revealed that only an S locus exists in Fragaria; however, none of the compatible species contained S-RNase. Although the results of interspecific hybridization experiments showed that F. viridis (SI) styles could accept pollen from F. mandshurica (self-compatible), the reciprocal cross was incompatible. Sa and Sb-RNase contain large introns, and their noncoding sequences (promotors and introns) can be transcribed into long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Overall, the genus Fragaria exhibits S-RNase-based gametophytic SI, and S-RNase loss occurs at the S locus of compatible germplasms. In addition, a type of SI-independent unilateral incompatibility exists between compatible and incompatible Fragaria species. Furthermore, the large introns and neighboring lncRNAs in S-RNase in Fragaria could offer clues about S-RNase expression strategies.

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