scholarly journals Basic chemical composition and energy nutritional value of fodder biomass from artificial ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-367
Author(s):  
Tatyana Bozhanska ◽  
Boryana Churkova ◽  
Teodora Mihova
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Predominant Component ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

In 2014-2016 at the Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture- Troyan, we followed the change in the qualitative composition of dry biomass from two-component grass mixtures. The grasslands with the mixture of Trifolium repens L. - Poa pratensis L. have the highest crude protein content (151.6 g kg-1 DM), mineral substances (75.6 g kg-1 DM) and crude fat (33.9 g kg-1 DM). The legume grass associated with perennial ryegrass forms forage matter with the highest carbohydrate amount (434.9 g kg-1 DM) and the lowest amount of crude fiber (269.8 g kg-1 DM). The biomass of Lotus corniculatus L. and Festuca rubra L. is the richest in Ca (19.1 g kg-1 DM), and the mixture of blue hybrid alfalfa - cock's foot has the highest dry matter content (909.7 g kg-1 DM). The biomass of blue hybrid alfalfa - cock's foot (16.99 MJ/kg DM) and red clover - meadow fescue (16.96 MJ/kg DM) is with the highest caloric values. Both mixtures have almost identical values regardless of the different botanical composition and the predominant component in the grassland. The mixture of Trifolium pratense L. with Phleum pratense L. has the highest energy nutritional value (FUM - 0.71 kg DM and FUG - 0.66 kg DM), and the biomass of the blue hybrid alfalfa - cock's foot registered the lowest amount of exchange energy (7.30 MJ/kg DM), as well as the smallest number of feed units (FUM - 0.67 kg DM and FUG - 0.61 kg DM) in the dry matter. For the experimental period with the lowest values of gross energy (16.70 MJ/kg DM) are the mixed grasslands of Trifolium repens L.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of tifton 85 bermudagrass at two cutting heights and different times of storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 2129
Author(s):  
Samantha Mariana Monteiro Sunahara ◽  
Marcela Abbado Neres ◽  
Jaqueline Rocha Wobeto Sarto ◽  
Caroline Daiane Nath ◽  
Kácia Carine Scheidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cutting Height

The goal of this study was to assess the dehydration curve and nutritional value of Tifton 85 bermudagrass at two cutting heights from ground level (4 and 8 cm) during 120 days of storage in a closed shed. The dehydration curve was determined using samples from the entire plant at eight different times. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with plots subdivided per times and five replicates. The second step consisted of assessing the nutritional value of the stored Tifton 85 bermudagrass in randomized blocks with plots subdivided per times and two treatments per plot: cutting height of four and eight centimeters from the ground, and five different times for the subplots, with five replicates. Dehydration of Tifton 85 bermudagrass at the two heights occurred in 48 hours, considered an ideal time for hay drying. The dry matter content responded quadratically to the time of storage of the two heights, only differing during baling and after 120 days of storage. Crude protein content had a quadratic behavior in the two cutting heights, with the smallest value after 30 days of storage (107.0 g kg-1) and the largest after 90 days (147.8 g kg-1) in the cutting height of eight centimeters. The ether extract exhibited a quadratic behavior in the two cutting heights, only differing after 90 days of storage. The neutral detergent fiber content had linear positive response according to the time of storage, with no difference between the cutting heights. For the neutral detergent fiber content in the two cutting heights, the quadratic regression model was the best fit to the data, differing between the heights after 30 and 60 days of storage. In vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro cell wall digestibility values of the stored hay were lower than the values obtained at the time of cutting. Cutting performed at four centimeters from the ground was the most suitable for hay production due to higher dry matter production and nutritional value without difference between bailing treatments. Hay storage caused undesirable changes in the nutritional value, especially in fiber content and in vitro digestibility.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF GRAIN-HAYLAGE FROM LUPIN, OAT AND SUDAN GRASS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Valentina Ruckaya ◽  
Alexander Sorokin ◽  
Elena Afonina ◽  
Natal'ya ZAYCEVA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Sowing Period

The average data for 2018–2019 are presented for yield, dry matter content in grain-haylage mass, nutritional value of test grain-haylage samples produced from plant mass of white lupin, oat and Sudan grass from single and mixed cenosis of different sowing times. The grain-haylage mass was harvested in the phase of brilliantly ripening lupin bean, milky-waxy ripeness of oats and the end of flowering of the Sudan grass. It’s revealed that variants of the second sowing date — 2 decade of May — have the best yield of grain-haylage mass and its dry matter content. The yield of grain-haylage mass in the best variants of the second sowing period exceeded by 7–8 t/ha. According to the nutritional value of grain silage samples (the content of metabolic energy, crude protein, crude ash and carotene), the best results were obtained in most variants of the first sowing period. In content of the metabolic energy and crude protein of 1 kg of dry matter of grain-haylage, the best were variants of the single-species cenosis of lupine and its mixture with oats of the first sowing period. Variants of single-species sowing of lupine and Sudan grass were distinguished by the content of carotene.

Plasticity in growth and patterns of dry matter distribution of two genotypes of Trifolium repens grown in different environments of neighbours

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 2186-2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Turkington
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Matter Distribution ◽  
Dry Matter Distribution ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Mobile Plant ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

Replicates of two genotypes of Trifolium repens L., collected from a Poa pratensis dominated sward and a Dactylis glomerata dominated sward, respectively, were grown in swards composed of various proportions of P. pratensis and D. glomerata. These swards represented a range of environments of neighbours; an increasing proportion of P. pratensis was considered as an increasingly alien environment for individuals of T. repens collected from the D. glomerata dominated site, and vice-versa for the individuals from the P. pratensis dominated site. The individuals of T. repens were harvested on five occasions over a period of 27 months. Both genotypes responded to increasingly alien environments by producing more inflorescences and by distributing proportionately more dry matter to inflorescence production. Some evidence is also presented which suggests that allocation to stolons and inflorescences are alternatives and the balance of the trade off is dependent on the advantages of possibly producing new, better adapted offspring from seed, against the chances of a wandering stolon encountering a less hostile environment. Results are discussed in the context of environmental alienness, a major source of which is the different relative proportions of neighbours. The various genotypes of organisms which a relatively mobile plant species encounters are a major source of this environmental, or biotic, alienness.

The voluntary intake by cattle of four silages differing in dry matter content

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Jackson ◽  
T. J. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Daily Intakes

SUMMARYHerbage from the same timothy/meadow fescue/white clover sward was ensiled at four different dry matter contents. The resulting silages had dry matter contents of 19·0, 27·3, 32·3 and 43·2%, the dry matter content increasing with the length of the wilting period. An experiment was carried out to determine the voluntary intake of the silages. Each silage was given to 7 animals individually, the mean live weight of these being 334 kg.Although the silages made from wilted herbage were lower in digestibility than that made from unwilted herbage, wilting increased dry matter intake and metabolizable energy (ME) intake. The mean daily intakes of digestible organic matter were 53·0, 58·1, 59·6 and 59·6 g/kgW0·73, for silages of increasing dry matter content. The corresponding ME intakes, expressed as a multiple of the ME requirement for maintenance, were 1·17, 1·29, 1·30 and 1·28. The percentage of acetic acid in the silage dry matter was significantly (r= −0·56) and linearly related to voluntary intake. The relationship between lactic acid concentration and voluntary intake was significantly curvilinear (r= 0·48).

EVALUATION OF TWENTY GRASS POPULATIONS AS IRRIGATED HAY CROPS FOR SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE ◽  
F. G. WARDER
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
N Content ◽  
P Content

Twenty grass populations were evaluated for dry matter yield, N content, P content, organic matter content, organic matter digestibility and winterhardiness. Of these populations, Agropyron intermedium was most suitable for a hay crop on a well-drained irrigated soil. Agropyron trichophorum, Bromus inermis, and Phalaris arundinacea were lower-yielding alternatives that had a satisfactory N content and good digestibility. Elymus angustus shows promise as an irrigated hay crop and should be evaluated further. The usefulness of the following populations was limited by one or more of these factors: low yield (Y), low N content (N), low digestibility (D) and lack of winterhardiness (W): Dactylis glomerata ’Kay’ (Y,N,D), Dactylis glomerata ’Chinook’ (Y,N,W), Elymus sibiricus (Y), Festuca arundinacea ’Kenmont’ (Y,N,W), Festuca elatior ’Trader’ (Y,N), Phleum pratense (Y,N,D), Poa ampla ’Sherman’ (N,D), Poa bulbosa cv. P4874 (Y,N,D), and Poa pratensis (Y,N,D).

Seed Ripening in grasses

1964 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Stoddart
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content

1. Floret samples of S321 perennial rye-grass (Lolium perenne L.), S215 meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis L.) and S352 timothy (Phleum pratense L.) were taken at 3-day intervals from inflorescence emergence to seed harvest. These were analysed for total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a: chlorophyll b ratio and total anthocyanin content.2. All varieties showed qualitatively similar patterns of total chlorophyll content. At emergence chlorophyll first increased on exposure to light and then fell as anther formation progressed. After fertilization a rapid increase in floret chlorophyll content coincided with early seed formation due to pigmentation of the expanding seed epidermis. Polymerization of carbohydrates to form endosperm starch resulting in increasing dry-matter content caused a concomitant fall in total chlorophyll when assessed on this basis. The final stages of seed maturation were accompanied by a further gradual decline to a very low level.

scholarly journals PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE DE RAÍZES DA MANDIOQUINHA-SALSA EM DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE ADUBAÇÃO NPK

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-203
Author(s):  
Adalton Mazetti Fernandes ◽  
Emerson Loli Garcia ◽  
Magali Leonel ◽  
Lydia Helena da Silva de Oliveira Mota
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Root Size ◽  
Npk Fertilization

The storage roots of arracacha have high nutritional value, being rich in carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins A and C, and starch of high digestibility. However, in this crop one of the decisive factors for the production of roots with higher nutritional value is the balanced fertilization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutritional quality of storage roots of arracacha, grown at increasing levels of NPK fertilization. The experiment was conducted in the randomized blocks design, with eight replications. The treatments consisted of three NPK levels (AD0 = unfertilized cultivation, AD1 = cultivation with 50% of recommended fertilization, and AD2 = cultivation with 100% ofrecommended fertilization). It was observedthat higher levels of NPK fertilization increase the number, size and marketable yield of storage roots of arracachacrop. NPK fertilization also increases the size and contentsof K, Mg, and Mn of storage roots, without interfering with the pulp pH and contentsof protein, Ca, Cu, and Fe. However, when the increase in root size is not accompanied by an increase in dry matter content, the starch, P, and Zn contents of the roots reduce with increasing levels of NPK fertilization.

Nutritional value and productivity of unconventional two-component mixtures of annual grasses in the Krasnoyarsk Territory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А. Аветисян ◽  
Л. Байкалова ◽  
Ю. Едимеичев ◽  
А. Машанов ◽  
С. Смолин
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Feed Protein ◽  
High Yields

Исследования проводились на поле УНПК Борский Сухобузимского района Красноярского края в период с 2004 по 2016 год. В представленной работе проведена оценка питательной ценности и продуктивности двухкомпонентных смесей однолетних культур из различных семейств. В 20042011 и 20132016 годах в условиях Красноярского края определялась урожайность зелёной массы, сбор и содержание сухого вещества, кормопротеиновых единиц, переваримого протеина, обменной энергии в натуральном корме из смесей: овёс вика (40 50) овёс горох (40 50) пайза редька (50 50) кукуруза пелюшка (40 50) сорго бобы (40 50) суданка редька (40 50) пайза пелюшка (50 50) пайза рапс (40 50) кукуруза бобы (50 50) просо рапс (40 50). Получены высокие урожаи: зелёной массы до 80,57 т/га, сухого вещества до 15,07 т/га против 32,55 и 7,19 т/га соответственно у викоовсяной смеси, используемой в качестве контроля. При этом установлено, что сбор кормопротеиновых единиц, переваримого протеина и энергопродуктивность наибольшие у малораспространённых смешанных посевов до 11,46 т/га, 2,26 т/га и 149,2 ГДж/га, тогда как викоовсяная смесь обеспечила только 4,31 т/га, 0,83 т/га и 72,04 ГДж/га соответственно. Выделившиеся по продуктивности и качеству кормосмеси кукуруза бобы (50 50), сорго бобы (40 50), кукуруза пелюшка (40 50), суданка редька (40 50) рекомендуется использовать на кормовые цели на сельскохозяйственных предприятиях Красноярского края. This article deals with analyses on nutritional value and productivity of twocomponent mixtures of various annual grasses. In 20042011 and 20132016 the experiments tested green mass yield, dry matter content, feed protein units, digestible protein and exchange energy of grasses in the Krasnoyarsk territory. The grass mixtures were composed of oats vetch oats pea Japanese millet radish maize Australian winter pea sorghum legumes Sudan grass radish Japanese millet Australian winter pea Japanese millet rapeseed maize legumes millet rapeseed. High yields were obtained: green mass up to 80.57 t ha1, dry matter up to 15.07 t ha1 versus 32.55 and 7.19 t ha1, respectively, of vetchoats control. Unconventional grasses formed the highest contents of feed protein units, digestible protein and energy up to 11.46 t ha1, 2.26 t ha1 and 149.2 GJ ha1, while vetchoat ecosystem produced only 4.31 t ha1, 0.83 t ha1 and 72.04 GJ ha1, respectively. Mixtures of maize legumes, sorghum legumes, maize Australian winter pea, Sudan grass radish performed the best and are recommended for cultivation in the region.

Roughage as additional rooting substrates for pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Olsen ◽  
E.-M. Vestergaard ◽  
L. Dybkjær
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Slaughter Pigs

AbstractStraw is frequently supplied as a rooting material to improve the welfare of pigs. In Denmark, organically raised slaughter pigs must have access to both straw and roughage. In order to evaluate whether roughage can he used as an appropriate rooting substrate for pigs, the effects of six different roughage types on pigs’ behaviour was examined. Pairs of 11-week-old pigs were placed in specially designed 4 m2 pens. Each pen contained a self-feeder for cereal, a water bowl, a box for roughage, a straw- bedded area and a dunging area. Four replicates were carried out, each consisting of seven pairs of pigs. In each replicate, each pair of pigs was supplied with either whole-crop silage of oats, vetch and lupin (Avena sativa, Vicia sativa, and Lupinus luteus (OVL), whole-crop silage of barley and peas (Hordeum vulgare and Pisum sativum ssp. arvense) (BP), whole-crop silage of clover and grass (Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne (CG), green grass meal (Poa ssp.) (GM), hay of clover and grass (Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne (H), fodder beets (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) (B), or no roughage (the control treatment) (CON). The pigs manipulated OVL for longer than the other roughage products (P < 0·01). When OVL was omitted from the analysis, B was manipulated for longer than CON (P < 0·05). The pigs that were offered CON manipulated equipment for a longer time than pigs offered B (P < 0·05) and tended to manipulate equipment for longer than pigs offered OVL (P = 0·065). Interestingly, OVL and B were the two products with the lowest dry-matter content. It may suggest that the amount of time spent manipulating roughage will depend considerably on the specific characteristics of the roughage offered, for instance dry matter content and complexity but probably also texture, smell and taste. In addition, the time spent manipulating other elements in the pen will depend on the type of roughage offered. In conclusion, the present study shows that some, but not all, types of roughage are suited as an enrichment of the pig’s environment.

scholarly journals Effects of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the SLC27A3 Gene on the Nutritional Value of Sheep Milk

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Ewa Pecka-Kiełb ◽  
Inga Kowalewska-Łuczak ◽  
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska ◽  
Anna E. Zielak-Steciwko
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Sheep Milk

The current research was undertaken to use the genetic potential of animals to obtain high-quality dairy products. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SLC27A3 gene were identified in Zošľachtená valaška sheep using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Correlations between genotypes and milk composition and nutritional value were analysed This study showed that milk from sheep with TT genotype in the SNP4 locus was characterised by higher (p < 0.01) fat and dry matter content and lower lactose concentration, compared to sheep with AA and TA genotypes, respectively. Moreover, it was found that animals with GG genotype in SNP1 produced milk with higher C18:1n9c, C18:1n7t, CLA, and other unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) content than sheep with TT. Additionally, milk from animals with CC at the SNP3 locus had significantly higher (p < 0.01) levels of UFAs than milk from sheep with other genotypes in the SNP3. In summary, it may be concluded that milk from animals with TT genotype of SNP4 is characterised by higher fat and dry matter content. Whereas, milk from sheep with GG in SNP1 and with CC in SNP3 is characterised by higher content of UFAs, which increases milk value as material for functional food production.

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