scholarly journals Blood parameters, carcass and meat quality of slaughter pigs with and without liver milk spots

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Cobanovic ◽  
Dragan Vasilev ◽  
Mirjana Dimitrijevic ◽  
Vlado Teodorovic ◽  
Ljiljana Jankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Slaughter Pigs ◽  
Dressing Percentage

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of liver milk spots on hematological, carcass and meat quality parameters in slaughter pigs. A total of 120 pigs with a live weight of approximately 115 kg and six months old were examined. Any signs of liver milk spots were recorded as present or absent according to Welfare Quality? protocol (2009). A complete blood picture was investigated. The following carcass quality parameters were measured: live, hot and cold carcass weights, dressing percentage, backfat thickness and meatiness. pH and temperature measurements were performed 45 minutes postmortem. Pork quality classes (PSE - pale, soft and exudative, normal, DFD - dark, firm and dry meat) were determined according to Adzitey and Nurul (2011) using pH45 value. Pigs with liver milk spots had significantly higher middle-sized cell count (monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils) and neutrophils count, but significantly lower red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and MCV than unaffected pigs. The same group of pigs had significantly lower live weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, dressing percentage and meatiness compared to the pigs free of milk spot lesions. Pigs showing liver milk spots had significantly higher pH45 value and incidence of DFD meat than pigs without pathological lesions in the livers. In conclusion, assessment of liver milk spots at slaughter line has potential to serve not only as an indirect measure of pig health and welfare, but also for the carcass and pork quality.

The effects of fasting, electrolyte supplementation and electrical stimulation on carcass yield and meat quality in bulls

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
A. L. Schaefer ◽  
A. K. W. Tong
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Weight Losses

Eighty-nine yearling beef bulls were allocated to one of four lairage treatment groups of either 0, 12, 24 or 36 h. Except for the 0-h group, all animals were given a 4-h road transport followed by either 12, 24 or 36 h in lairage pre-slaughter without feed and water. An electrolyte solution was offered during lairage to groups of bulls within the fasting treatments. Following slaughter and dressing, alternate carcass sides were stimulated (470 V, 1.5 A, 60 Hz) for 60 s, and data on muscle quality were collected. Fasting resulted in a progressive reduction in warm and cold carcass weight (as a proportion of final live weight) and reduced liver, rumen and intestine proportions. Electrolyte supplementation was effective in reducing carcass weight losses and appeared to have its greatest effect on bulls kept in lairage for 36 h. Fasting and electrolyte supplementation had few effects on muscle quality. Electrical stimulation reduced muscle shear value, lowered final muscle pH, brightened muscle colour at 24 h post mortem but had no effect on marbling score. It was concluded that electrolyte supplementation increased carcass yield in fasted bulls but had little beneficial effect on meat quality. On the other hand, electrical stimulation improved several quality parameters, including muscle shear value. Key words: Bulls, cattle, fasting, lairage, electrical stimulation, meat quality

scholarly journals Effect of age and sex on meat quality and quantity of Black Bengal goat

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
S Mehjabin ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
MO Faruque ◽  
MB Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
One Year ◽  
Black Bengal Goat ◽  
Age And Sex

The present research was conducted to investigate the effect of sex and age of goats on live weight, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, chemical composition and pH of meat obtained from Black Bengal goat. Fifty goats of different age (up to 3 years) and sex groups (buck, castrated male, doe and kids) were slaughtered. After pre-slaughter weighing goats were sacrificed using the approved “Halal” method. The average live weight of doe up to one, two and three years of age were 12.51, 14.35 and 16.35 kg and of buck were 10.57, 19.29 and 37.05 kg, respectively. There were significant differences between the live weight of doe and buck at different age group. Hot carcass weight of doe and buck differ significantly among the different age group also differ significantly between the different sex group’s goat. The mean hot carcass weight of castrated male at one year of age was 7.82 kg and was observed highest in castrated male than doe and buck. The average dressing percentage of doe, buck and castrated male at one year of age was 42.02, 39.01 and 43.56%, respectively but the values did not differ significantly. There were no significant differences of DM, moisture and CP content between doe and buck at different age group but significant differences were observed among the different age group of doe and buck. Fat content was significantly different among the different age group of doe and buck. There was significant difference of ash among the different age group of doe and buck. The pH values of goat meat did not differ significantly among the different age and sex of goats. From this study, it was concluded that the meat quantity in terms of hot carcass weight and dressing percentage were higher when castrated male slaughter within one year whereas maximum hot carcass weight was obtained when buck slaughter at the age 2-3 years and meat quality in terms of crude protein content was higher in meat obtained from buck and ether extract content was lower in buck meat when slaughter within one year.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (1): 19-24

scholarly journals Effect of breed and diet on carcass parameters and meat quality of spent hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Vargas-Ramella ◽  
Mirian Pateiro ◽  
Diego Rois ◽  
Anisia Arias ◽  
José Ramón Justo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Spent Hen ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Carcass Parameters

Abstract Two spent hen breeds (Mos and Isa Brown) fed with three different diets [commercial feeding (CF); corn, pea, and triticale (CPT); and corn and wheat (CW)] were studied to assess their laying performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality parameters (breast and drumstick). A total of 48 hens reared in a traditional free-range system were used. Birds were slaughtered at 72 weeks of age after the moulting in an accredited abattoir, and measurements (for each bird) of carcass and meat started at 24h post-mortem. The results demonstrated a breed and diet effect (P < 0.05) on laying performance, carcass, and meat quality. The Mos breed showed lower laying performance, higher live weight (P < 0.001), carcass weight (P < 0.001), dressing percentage (P < 0.001), and carcass fat (P < 0.001) than Isa Brown. The breed also affected physicochemical parameters of drumstick and breast (P < 0.05). Concerning the diet effect, spent hens fed with commercial feeding shown heavier live weight (P <0.01) and carcass weight (P <0.01). Diet significantly affected most of meat quality parameters, being CPT the formulation that most affected (P < 0.05) drumstick composition, while in the breast was CF (P <0.001). Significant (P ≤ 0.005) effect in breast colour, cooking loss and hardness were observed in animals fed with alternative diets to CF. Regarding nutritional quality, no breed or diet effect (P < 0.05) was observed in MUFAs, PUFAs and n-6 contents of meat. Overall, both breeds showed a high protein and low-fat content in the breast, showing these hens as an opportunity for the development of meat products as well as an economic purpose for spent hens that reach the end of their productive lives.

scholarly journals The Effect of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Leaf Powder on Growth Performance, Selected Hematological Indices, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality Parameters of Jumbo Quail

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7080
Author(s):  
Steve Kgotlelelo Mahlake ◽  
Caven Mguvane Mnisi ◽  
Cornelia Lebopa ◽  
Cebisa Kumanda
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin ◽  
Grower Diet

Green tea leaves contain a wide range of active bio-compounds that are essential for sustainable quail intensification; however, its feed value is not known for the Jumbo quail. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of different levels of green tea leaf powder (GTLP) on physiological and meat quality parameters of the Jumbo quail. One-week-old chicks (n = 350; 56.1 ± 2.12 g live-weight) were evenly distributed to 35 replicate pens and reared on five experimental diets formulated as follows: a standard grower diet with zinc-bacitracin (PosCon), a standard grower diet without zinc-bacitracin (NegCon), and NegCon diet treated with 10 (GT10), 25 (GT25) and 50 g/kg (GT50) of GTLP. Weight gain linearly decreased in week 2 but increased in week 4, whereas feed conversion efficiency linearly declined in weeks 2 and 3 as GTLP levels increased. Overall feed intake, carcass yield, and caecum and colon weights showed a linear increase with GTLP levels. Hematological parameters fell within the normal ranges reported for healthy quail. The GT10 group showed larger liver weights than the PosCon and NegCon groups. It was concluded that dietary inclusion of GTLP enhances overall feed intake and carcass performance but not feed efficiency, hematological and meat quality parameters of Jumbo quail.

An evaluation of beef carcass quality 2. Influence of variation in grazing intensity and the level of barley supplementation with silage on the carcass and meat quality of Friesian steers

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237
Author(s):  
C. E. Hinks ◽  
J. H. D. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Carcass Quality

SUMMARYTwo experiments concerning the effects, on the carcass and meat characteristics of 18-months-old Friesian steers, of variation in grazing intensity and the level of barley feeding with silage are reported.Groups of 12 steers were grazed at different intensities over 5-month grazing periods, such that live-weight differences of 38 kg and 16 kg were recorded at housing. No compensatory growth was recorded during the subsequent winter feeding period.Whilst the grazing treatments had little effect on carcass or meat quality, higher levels of barley feeding with silage over the winter period (710 v. 410 kg/steer) had significant effects on live-weight gain, and increased carcass weight by 21 kg at slaughter. The higher yield of carcass weight was reflected in significant differences in carcass composition, joint proportions and retail cut-out value. Sixty per cent of the carcass weight difference was removed as trim fat. Differences in carcass fatness were not associated with any differences in eating quality.

Effects of the percentage of Texel or Rouge de ľOuest genes in lambs on carcass characteristics and meat quality

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Carson ◽  
B. W. Moss ◽  
R. W. J. Steen ◽  
D. J. Kilpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
Ram Lambs

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of the percentage of Texel or Rouge de l’Ouest (Rouge) genes in lambs (0, 50, 75 or 100%; the remainder being Greyface (Border Leicester × Scottish Blackface)) on lamb carcass characteristics and meat quality. Ewe lambs were slaughtered at 34, 40, 46 and 52 kg and ram lambs were slaughtered at 40, 46, 52 and 58 kg live weight. Dressing proportion increased (P < 0·001) by 0·53 and 0·27 g carcass weight per kg live weight for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes respectively. Carcass conformation classification increased (P < 0·001) by 0·016 and 0·007 units (on a five-point scale) for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes respectively. Carcass fat depth measures were reduced by Texel and Rouge genes such that at a constant fat depth end point, carcass weight could be increased by 0·029 and 0·023 kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Carcass lean content increased (P < 0·001) by 0·99 and 0·27 g/kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Subcutaneous fat content was reduced (P < 0·001) by 0·36 and 0·29 g/kg for each 1% increase in Texel or Rouge genes. Intermuscular fat content was reduced (P < 0·01) by 0·38 g/kg per 1% increase in Texel genes, whereas Rouge genes had no effect. Similarly, bone content was reduced (P < 0·01) by Texel genes only (0·31 g/kg per 1% increase in Texel genes). Warner-Bratzler shear force values showed a quadratic effect with increasing Texel and Rouge genes, with an initial decrease from 0 to 50% followed by an increase to 100%. Cooking loss increased (P = 0·05) as the percentage of Rouge genes in lambs increased. Increasing the percentage of Texel or Rouge genes significantly increased L* values (P < 0·01 and P < 0·05 respectively), b* values (P = 0·05 and P< 0·05 respectively) and H° values (P < 0·001).

Effects of growth pathway on beef quality in 18-month-old Angus and South Devon ✕ Angus pasture-fed steers

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Muir ◽  
N.B. Smith ◽  
P.M. Dobbie ◽  
D.R. Smith ◽  
M.D. Bown
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Meat Tenderness ◽  
Beef Quality ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractThere is evidence that, in cattle, rapid compensatory growth after a period of growth restriction may increase the variability of beef quality and that variability is greater in breeds which reach larger body size at maturity. This experiment investigated the effect of compensatory growth following a period of winter growth restriction on carcass quality in steers of small and large mature size grazed on pasture. Angus (no. = 120) and South Devon ✕ Angus (SD✕ A; no. = 110) steers were allocated to non-restricted or restricted growth treatment groups and for 126 days over winter their grazing was managed to achieve mean live-weight gains of approximately 0·7 kg/day or to maintain live weight for each group respectively. Steers were slaughtered at the start (no. = 10 per breed) and end (no. = 20 per nutrition group (10 from each breed)) of the winter period for carcass evaluation. Thereafter, remaining steers were grazed together at a high pasture allowance to maximize growth and were slaughtered for carcass evaluation as they reached target live weights (Angus, 590 kg; SD✕ A, 620 kg). SD✕ A steers grew faster (P< 0·05) during both the winter and finishing periods and reached target slaughter live weights approximately 20 days earlier than Angus steers. SD✕ A steers also had leaner carcasses than Angus steers at each slaughter although there was no significant difference in meat quality between breeds. However, there was a significant effect of restriction treatment on carcass weight and meat quality. The non-restricted steers grew faster, had heavier carcasses and more tender steaks than restricted steers, although there was no significant difference in carcass fatness (adjusted for hot carcass weight). Muscle calpain activities were positively correlated with live-weight gain during the finishing period suggesting increased potential for post-mortem myofibrillar proteolysis and therefore increased meat tenderness. However, in the present experiment this was confounded by an increase in shear force with age-at-slaughter, especially in the non-restricted steers. Nevertheless, steers which were heaviest at the start of the experiment reached slaughter live weight earliest, were leaner than average and had higher calpain system activities at slaughter regardless of breed or restriction treatment. Furthermore, in the non-restricted group, high initial live weight and early slaughter was associated with lower pH and more tender meat. In conclusion, although restriction affected meat quality attributes, it appears that live weight prior to food restriction also had a considerable effect on carcass characteristics at slaughter. Therefore, the characteristics of the early growth phase prior to the finishing period may have important consequences for meat quality.

scholarly journals Feed efficiency and carcass metrics in growing cattle1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 4405-4417 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N Kelly ◽  
Craig Murphy ◽  
Roy D Sleator ◽  
Michelle M Judge ◽  
Stephen B Conroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Dressing Percentage

Abstract Some definitions of feed efficiency such as residual energy intake (REI) and residual gain (RG) may not truly reflect production efficiency. The energy sinks used in the derivation of the traits include metabolic live-weight; producers finishing cattle for slaughter are, however, paid on the basis of carcass weight, as opposed to live-weight. The objective of the present study was to explore alternative definitions of REI and RG which are more reflective of production efficiency, and quantify their relationship with performance, ultrasound, and carcass traits across multiple breeds and sexes of cattle. Feed intake and live-weight records were available on 5,172 growing animals, 2,187 of which also had information relating to carcass traits; all animals were fed a concentrate-based diet representative of a feedlot diet. Animal linear mixed models were used to estimate (co)variance components. Heritability estimates for all derived REI traits varied from 0.36 (REICWF; REI using carcass weight and carcass fat as energy sinks) to 0.50 (traditional REI derived with the energy sinks of both live-weight and ADG). The heritability for the RG traits varied from 0.24 to 0.34. Phenotypic correlations among all definitions of the REI traits ranged from 0.90 (REI with REICWF) to 0.99 (traditional REI with REI using metabolic preslaughter live-weight and ADG). All were different (P < 0.001) from one suggesting reranking of animals when using different definitions of REI to identify efficient cattle. The derived RG traits were either weakly or not correlated (P > 0.05) with the ultrasound and carcass traits. Genetic correlations between the REI traits with carcass weight, dressing difference (i.e., live-weight immediately preslaughter minus carcass weight) and dressing percentage (i.e., carcass weight divided by live-weight immediately preslaughter) implies that selection on any of the REI traits will increase carcass weight, lower the dressing difference and increase dressing percentage. Selection on REICW (REI using carcass weight as an energy sink), as opposed to traditional REI, should increase the carcass weight 2.2 times slower but reduce the dressing difference 4.3 times faster. While traditionally defined REI is informative from a research perspective, the ability to convert energy into live-weight gain does not necessarily equate to carcass gain, and as such, traits such as REICW and REICWF provide a better description of production efficiency for feedlot cattle.

The effect of age, live-weight and rate-of-gain on dressing percentage and non-saleable fat content of Israel-Friesian bull calves

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Levi ◽  
M. Soller ◽  
A. Shilo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Effect Of Age

Data were collected during 1961–2 on the live-weight, age and warm carcass weights of 83 lots of Israel-Friesian bull calves, 525 animals in all, the offspring of 26 sires. For varying numbers of these animals weight of various non-saleable fat components, including ruminal fat, kidney fat, inguinal fat and scapular fat were also obtained. Ruminal fat alone and ruminal fat plus kidney fat were found to be highly correlated with total non-saleable fat (r = 0·84 and 0·94, respectively). Heritability of dressing percentage was 0·20, of live-weight rate-of-gain 0·92, and of carcass rate-ofgain 0·49. The genetic correlation between live-weight and carcass weight was 0·7. Between-lot correlations indicated that increased rate-of-gain achieved through management will be accompanied by decreased dressing percentage and increased non-saleable fat content.

scholarly journals Growth performance, and carcass and meat quality traits in progeny of Poll Nellore, Angus and Brahman sires under tropical conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. C. Pereira ◽  
F. Baldi ◽  
R. D. Sainz ◽  
B. L. Utembergue ◽  
H. L. J. Chiaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Meat Tenderness ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dressing Percentage

This study aimed to characterise progeny of sires representing major families in the Poll Nellore breed. Fourteen Poll Nellore sires, two Angus sires and one Brahman sire were mated by AI to ~400 multiparous Poll Nellore dams. Calves were raised and stocked on pasture in central Brazil until reaching ~18 months of age, then fed a sugarcane bagasse-based diet on an ad libitum basis until reaching market weight and finish (average 23 months). There were 236 Poll Nellore (N), 38 Angus × Poll Nellore (AN) and 31 Brahman × Poll Nellore (BN) calves born in total. The weaning and 423-day weight weights, and growth rates and pre- and post-weaning were greater (P < 0.05) in males than in female calves, and were influenced by breed and by sire within the N animals. The weaning weights were higher (P < 0.05) in AN and BN than in N calves. The 423-day weight weights were greater (P < 0.05) in AN calves, followed by BN, with straightbred N being lightest. Feedlot average daily gain was unaffected (P > 0.05) by sex or by sire within N, but was lowest (P < 0.05) in N cattle, and highest in AN and BN animals, which did not differ (P > 0.05). Heifers reached the end of the study with lower bodyweight (BW) and dressing percentage than steers, resulting in lower carcass weights, smaller longissimus muscle areas (LMA), but greater 12th to 13th rib backfat (BF) and similar marbling score and mean shear force. However, the proportion of carcasses grading Choice or Prime was numerically greater in heifers than in steers (23.6% vs 9.8%). AN cattle reached greater harvest weights than BN, and those were heavier than N cattle (P < 0.001). However, dressing percentages were lowest in AN animals, so that there was no significant difference in carcass weight between AN and BN cattle. AN carcasses also had greater LMA, BF and marbling scores than the N carcasses. The proportion of carcasses grading Choice or Prime was numerically greater in AN cattle than in the BN and N groups (25.9%, 11.8% and 15.9%, respectively). Steaks from AN calves were more tender than N steaks, with the BN steaks being intermediate. There was significant variation among N sires for final BW, dressing percentage, carcass weight, LMA and marbling score, but not for BF or mean shear force. The percentages of carcasses of N cattle grading Choice or Prime ranged from 0% to 61.5%. Three N sires produced progeny with greater than 40% of carcasses grading Choice or above (Berílio OB, Furador OB, and Litoral OB). Likewise, three N sires (Blitz OB, Furador OB and Sossego OB) had progeny with 67%, 62% and 75%, respectively, of steaks classified as tender. This study confirmed that Zebu cattle have inferior carcass and meat quality relative to AN crossbreds under tropical conditions, however there is substantial variation within the N breed for these traits, and several sires have a proportion of their progeny comparable in terms of meat tenderness to those of Angus sires.

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