scholarly journals Protein source in diets for ruminant nutrition

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ruzic-Muslic ◽  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
Z. Bijelic ◽  
V. Caro-Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Ruminant Nutrition ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
The Status ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Average Body

The rapid increase in human population leads to increased demand for animal protein. On the other hand, the deficit of protein feeds in the market and rising costs are the most significant obstacles facing animal production. Therefore, most researches have focused on improving the status and utilization of different protein sources in order to reduce costs and maintain optimum performance of animals. The results of our study showed that lambs of MIS population, of average body weight of 18.0 kg, fed diets with different protein sources: sunflower meal, soybean meal, fish meal, realized average daily gain: 0.169, 0.205 and 0.227 kg, respectively. Conversion of dry matter in analogue treatments was: 4.54, 3.71 and 3.30 (kg/kg of gain) and total protein (g/kg): 732, 596 and 549, respectively. It is evident that the fish meal as a protein source improves the growth and utilization of food in lambs. However, given that the European Commission has banned the use of fish meal in diets for animal nutrition, nutritionists? imperative is to investigate the possibility of using "unconventional" sources of protein (peas, beans, lupins) in diets for ruminant nutrition. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different sources of protein in diets on production performance of ruminants.

scholarly journals Effect of the diet energy level on production performance of lambs

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Ruzic-Muslic ◽  
Dragan Negovanovic ◽  
Milan Petrovic ◽  
Slavko Josipovic ◽  
Predrag Perisic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Average Body

Investigations were carried out on 60 suckling lambs (24 males and 36 female lambs) - R2 generation obtained by crossing Pirot Pramenka with W?rttemberg rams, divided into 3 groups. At the beginning of the trial lambs were 30 days old with average body mass of 15 kg. Animals were fed ad libitum alfalfa hay and iso-protein mixtures (16% total protein) with different energy content. Energy value of used mixtures was 7.29 (I), 7.71 (II) and 7.94 MJ NEM (III). Trial lasted 60 days. Following production parameters were monitored: body mass, average daily gain, feed and nutrient consumption and conversion, depending on the applied feeding treatment. Statistical processing of obtained data was carried out on PC, using variance analysis. Final body masses of lambs (age of 90 days) were: 29.81 kg (I), 31.19kg (II) and 29.86 kg (III). Average daily gain for entire fattening period according to treatments I: II: III was 0.280kg: 0.303kg: 0.277kg. Values of DM conversion (kg/kg) for trial groups I:II:III were 2.68: 2.58: 2.93. Utilization of energy (MJ/kg) in average was 19.45: 18.98: 21.64, whereas the conversion of total protein (g/kg) according to the same order of treatments was 481: 451: 514. Performed research has shown that certain advantage can be attributed to lambs fed fodder mixture II (16% of total protein and 7.71 MJ NME), considering that they have realized the highest gain and the lowest use of feed and nutrients as well as energy.

scholarly journals The effect of protein source in diet on production performances of fattening lambs

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Dragana Ruzic-Muslic ◽  
G. Grubic ◽  
Milan Petrovic ◽  
M. Zujovic ◽  
H. Muslic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Average Body

Research was carried out on experimental sheep farm of the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun. Trial included 60 lambs - crosses of F1 generation of Pirot Pramenka x W?rttemberg x Ile de France weaned at the age of 60 days. Nutrition treatment included study of three concentrated mixtures which were different in protein source (sunflower, soy bean and fish meal), i.e. share of proteins non-degradable at the level of reticulo-rumen: 43 (I) : 51 (II) : 58%(III). The effect of stated treatment in intensive fattening of lambs was monitored through production parameters. Obtained data was processed using standard statistical analysis. Average body mass of lambs at the beginning of trial, in treatments I: II: III was: 18,08: 18,12: 18,17 kg. After fattening of 75 days, final body mass of lambs in analogous treatments was: 30,78 (I) 33,52 (II) 35,17 kg (III) and average daily gain: 0,169: 0,205 : 0,227 kg. Per kilogram of realized gain of lambs, in analogous treatments, the following was consumed: 4,54 : 3,71 : 3,30 kg of dry matter of diet; energy: 33,77: 29,37 : 26,25 MJ; total proteins: 732 : 596 : 549 g. Research demonstrated that protein source in concentrate mixtures used in nutrition of fattening lambs (i.e. share of nondegradable protein in total proteins)had significant effect on production parameters, and the best performance was registered in lambs on treatment with fish meal (share of NP was 58%).

scholarly journals Frequency of concentrate supplementation for grazing beef cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 2141
Author(s):  
Ricardo Bonadimann ◽  
Eduardo Henrique Bevitori Kling de Moraes ◽  
Kamila Andreatta Kling de Moraes ◽  
Douglas Dos Santos Pina ◽  
André Soares de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of frequency of concentrate supplementation on the daytime feeding behavior (grazing, rumination, drinking, and idle times), production performance, and economic viability of grazing cattle in the rainy season. A total of 120 uncastrated Nellore animals with an average body weight (BW) of 382.5 ± 32.2 kg were allocated to palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha) paddocks for the experiment. We evaluated supplements provided in the amount of 2.0 kg/animal, supplied three times weekly (3tw) or daily (7X). Animals supplemented 3X (5.46%) spent more time (%) drinking water than those supplemented 7X (3.72%). Grazing time and animal performance were not influenced by the frequency of supplementation. Average daily gain was 1.00 and 1.02 kg/animal for the groups under 3X and 7X, respectively. Expenditures on transportation and labor are lower (43%) when animals are supplemented 3X. Supplementation provided three times per week does not affect the grazing time or the performance of beef cattle in the rainy season, but rather implies an expressive reduction of expenditures on labor and distribution of supplements.

scholarly journals Nutrient intake and quantitative aspects of carcass of finishing sheep fed with diets containing cashew nut meal

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Nunes do Nascimento ◽  
Marcos Cláudio Pinheiro Rogério ◽  
Ana Sancha Malveira Batista ◽  
Maria Socorro de Souza Carneiro ◽  
Angela Maria de Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

This work aimed to determine the nutrient intake and quantitative aspects of sheep carcass from three different genetic groups. Eighteen animals with initial average body weight of 20.1kg were used in a completely randomized design, in a factorial 3x2 scheme (three different crossbreeds - 6 F1Dorper x non defined breed, 6 F1Somalis x non defined breed and 6 F1Santa Inês x non defined breed versus two diets). The diets fed to the animals were formulated with or without cashew nuts. The inclusion of cashew nut meal in the diet influenced nutrient intake. Differences of intake among the animal groups were observed as higher intake for F1Dorper x non defined breed (NDB), followed by F1Somalis x NDB and for F1Santa Inês x NDB. However, the control diet produced no difference among these genotypes. The average daily gain was lower for both crossbreeds when cashew nut meal was added in the diets. The evaluated crossbreeds and diets did not affect the feed:gain ratio. The carcasses analyses showed that the inclusion of cashew nut meal in the diets reduced the cold carcass weight and the rib weight. The addition of cashew nut meal in the diets for lambs reduces food intake and carcass yield. The crossbreed F1Dorper x NDB presented the higher rate of average daily gain.

scholarly journals Influence of YEA-SACC 1026 Probiotic on Some Production and Consumption Indices in Chicken Broilers

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ionel TOADER ◽  
Aurel SARA ◽  
Mihai BENTEA ◽  
Marius CIOLTEA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The researches followed the effects of powderYEA-SACC 1026 probiotic on some production and consumption indices in chicken broilers. The researches were effected on 75 meat chickens of Ross-308 hybrid, which were grouped in three lots of 25 capita/lot during 42 days. In the lot L1(E), for 42 days, in the mixed fodder was added YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic in proportion of 0.1% in breeding phase I (1-14 days), of 0.1% in phase II (15-35 days) and 0.1% in phase III (36-42 days). In the lot L2(E), for 42 days, in the mixed fodder was added YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic in proportion of 0.25% in breeding phase I (1-14 days), of 0.25% in phase II (15-35 days) and 0.25% in phase III (36-42 days). The chickens of all lots were weighted at the beginning of experiment and after that weekly being calculated the average body weight, average daily gain, fodder intake and fodder conversion index. The use of y YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic in lot L1(E) determined an increase of body weight with 16.26%, of average daily gain with 15.55% and the fodder conversion index was reduced with 29.16% given to Control Lot L(M). On the second place was situated the lot L2(E), in witch was administered 0.25% of YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic, with an increase of body weight of 8.32%, of average daily gain with 7.54% and the fodder conversion index was reduced with 21.78% given to Control Lot L(M). These superior results, registered in meat chickens from lot L1(E) YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic 0.1% and lot L2(E) YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic 0.25%, confirm the favourable influence of this probiotic on chicken broilers’ performances.

scholarly journals Frequência de suplementação proteico-energética sobre o desempenho e comportamento ingestivo de bezerros Nelore mantidos em pastagem tropical na estação seca

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2555
Author(s):  
Gumercindo Loriano Franco ◽  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Marcella Cândia D'Oliveira ◽  
Ibrahim Miranda Cortada Neto ◽  
Maria Da Graça Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

With the objective to evaluate different frequencies of supplementation on the performance and ingestive behavior of Nellore calves kept on Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu pasture, 56 animals with initial average body weight (BW) of 174.5 kg were submitted to the following treatments: no supplement and 1x, 3x, and 7x supplementation per week. The supplement was provided in the amount of 3.5 g kg-1 of BW day-1. BW and evaluation of behavior were assessed every 28 days. The randomized block's design with two repetitions was used. The analyses of variance were carried out by the GLM procedure in the SAS software, and the means were compared by the Tukey’s test at 5% significance. The supplementation increased the average daily gain (ADG; P ? 0.05); however, it did not differ between frequencies (0.005, 0.190, 0.183, and 0.177 kg head-1 day for the no supplement treatment and 1x, 3x, and 7x per week, respectively). The animals in the no supplement treatment showed longer grazing time (P ? 0.05) compared to those receiving the supplement. However, results did not differ between frequencies (10.44, 8.57, 8.32, and 8.59 hours day-1 for no supplement treatments and 1x, 3x, and 7x per week, respectively). Thus, the frequency of supplementation can be reduced to once a week without reducing animal performance.

scholarly journals Effects of specialty proteins as alternatives to bovine or porcine spray-dried plasma in non-medicated diets fed to weaned pigs housed in an unsanitary environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Crenshaw ◽  
J. M. Campbell ◽  
J. Polo ◽  
H. H. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Fish Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Soy Protein Concentrate ◽  
Yeast Protein ◽  
Plasma Experiment ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Whole Egg ◽  
Control Protein ◽  
Spray Dried

Abstract Two experiments were done to compare growth performance of pigs weaned at 21 ± 2 d of age that were housed in unsanitary pens and fed non-medicated diets containing alternative proteins versus spray-dried porcine (SDPP; Exp. 1) or bovine (SDBP; Exp. 2) plasma. Experiment 1 used 360 pigs fed 1 of 6 experimental diets from d 0 to 15, followed by a common diet fed to all pigs from d 15 to 28 post-weaning with 11 pens of 5 or 6 pigs/pen allotted per treatment. Experimental diets were based on 8.04% soy protein concentrate (SPC) as the control protein or a similar diet with either 2.50 or 5.00% SDPP or 0.17, 0.33, or 1.00% activated porcine plasma (APP) replacing SPC on an equal Lys basis. Experiment 2 used 300 pigs that were fed 1 of 6 experimental diets from d 0 to 14 post-weaning with 10 pens of 4 to 6 pigs/pen allotted per diet. Experiment 2 diets were based on 8.04% SPC as the control protein source or similar diets with the following specialty proteins replacing SPC on an equal Lys basis: 0.40% APP; 10.66% enzymatically hydrolyzed soy and yeast protein (EHSY); a combination (CB) of 6.36% EHSY, 0.40% APP, and 2.50% fish meal; 0.44% spray-dried whole egg from hyper-immunized hens (IEGG); or 5.00% SDBP. Results of Exp. 1 indicated pigs fed SDPP diets had greater (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI at d 7 and 15 compared with pigs fed SPC or APP diets. Gain:feed at d 7 was higher (P < 0.05) for pigs fed diets with SDPP compared with other diets. Average BW at d 7 was greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed diets with SDPP compared to other diets and pigs fed the 5.00% SDPP diet had greater BW at d 15 compared to diets without SDPP. At d 28 BW was greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the 2.50% SDPP diet compared with pigs fed diets with SPC, 0.33% APP, or 1.00% APP. Performance of pigs fed the SPC diet did not differ from APP diets at any period of the study. In Exp. 2, pigs fed the SDBP diet had greater (P < 0.05) BW, ADG, and ADFI at d 7 and 14 compared with pigs fed the other diets. Gain:feed did not differ significantly among diets. Average daily gain and ADFI of pigs did not differ among diets that did not contain SDBP. In conclusion, during the initial 2 wk post-weaning, pigs housed in unsanitary pens and fed non-medicated diets with APP in Exp. 1, or APP, EHSY, CB, or IEGG in Exp. 2 had equivalent performance to pigs fed SPC; however, performance of pigs fed diets with the alternatives was not equivalent to diets containing SDPP in Exp. 1 or SDBP in Exp. 2.

scholarly journals Comparative study on the effects of low cost oil seed cakes and fish meal as dietary protein sources for Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerling

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Latif ◽  
MT Alam ◽  
MA Sayeed ◽  
M Afzal Hussain ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Oil Seed ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Oil Seed Cakes

A trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of combination of soybean meal (SBN), mustard oilcake (MOC), sesame oilcake (SOC) and linseed oilcake (LOC) as alternative for dietary fish meal (FM) protein for Labeo rohita fingerling for a period of 56 days. Six experimental diets were formulated by replacing 30, 50, 60, 70 and 100% (2 diets) of the total dietary fish meal protein by the combination of FM, SBM, MOC, SOC, and LOC. The combinations of the protein sources were as diet 1 (FM 100%), diet 2 (FM:SBM:MOC::70:15:15), diet 3 (FM:SBM:SOC:LOC::50:20:20:10), diet 4 (FM:SBM:SOC:LOC::40:20:20:20), diet 5 (FM:SBM:SOC:LOC::25:30:15:30), diet 6 (SBM:MOC:SOC:LOC::25:25:25:25) and diet 7 (SBM:SOC:LOC::40:30:30). The performances of these six test diets were compared with the diet 1 (control). All diets were iso-nitrogenous containing about 30% protein. The growth trial was conducted in a flow through system under laboratory condition with three replications for each treatment. On the basis of the growth response, food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) diet 7 showed better performance followed by diet 1, diet 2, diet 5, diet 3, diet 4 and diet 6 respectively but those were not significantly different (P>0.05). The diet 6 produced the lowest performance. The apparent protein digestibility (APD) values for all the experimental diets were very nearer but significantly different (P0.05) in diets even from control one which were formulated to evaluate the effects of combination of low cost oil seed cakes as dietary protein source for Labeo rohita fingerling. Hence, it might be concluded that from the economic point of view, that all the low cost oil seed cakes which are locally available can be used in combination form as the alternative protein source for the feed of Labeo rohita. Key words: Oil seed cakes, Labeo rohita, fingerling, protein source.   doi:10.3329/ujzru.v27i0.1949 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 27, 2008 pp. 25-30

Use of protein sources alternative to fish meal in diets with amino acids supplementation for the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. García-Gallego ◽  
H. Akharbach ◽  
M. de la Higuera
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
European Eel ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Meat Meal

AbstractThis experiment was conducted to test two different protein sources as alternatives to the commonly used fish meal (FM) in the diet of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Six experimental diets were tested in three replicated lots of European eels. All diets contained the same protein and energy content (ca, 300 g crude protein per kg dry matter and 18·5 MJ/kg, respectively) but differed in the nature of the protein source: FM was the only protein source in the control diet and was fully or partially (0–5: 0–5) replaced by meat meal (MM) or sunflower meal (SFM) in four other diets; a sixth diet included SFM as the only protein source but was supplemented with several essential amino acids. Food intake, fish growth and several indices of diet and protein utilization were measured. MM clearly was the poorest protein source while SFM could replace, at least 0·5 of the FM with no significant reduction in performance. In addition, the European eel was able to utilize the supplement of essential amino acids. The full-SFM diet was improved significantly when supplemented and results were not statistically different from the control FM-based diet. Overall, a good correlation was found between the results of each diet and the respective essential amino acid index, calculated using as reference the essential amino acid requirements previously defined for another eel species, Anguilla japonica. This index could be used as a reliable measure for an a priori evaluation of alternative protein sources to be included in commercial foods for eels.

scholarly journals BOBOT BADAN DAN PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT BADAN AYAM KAMPUNG PERIODE STARTER PADA KETINGGIAN TEMPAT BERBEDA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Rajab Rajab
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Gain Rate ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Poultry Farming

Phisical environment such as climate and attitude of place were the important factors effect on production performance of broiler, layer, or domectic fowl. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of altitude on body weight and average daily gain of native fowl breeded at starter period. The research was conducted at Waringin Cap area (highland of attitude place)  and Air Alii Area (lowland of attitude place), which 106 tail of native fowl were rearing in intersive poultry farming system. DOC were placed on brooder box cage with 2 x 1 x 1 of size. The variables such as body weight and average daily gain were measured every week during 4 week observation. The results of this study show that both the average of body weight of hen in Waringin Cap were 30,70 ; 46,48; 131,44; 248,44 dan 329,98 g, whereas the average of body weight of hen in Air Alii were 30,98; 47,34; 139,45; 254,21 dan 348,81 g respectively for one day, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of age. The average daily gain rate were 0,22 – 0,40 and 0,32 – 0,52 g/tail/day respectively for chicken in highland and lowland attitude rearing. and there are no significantly different of the attitude effect on native fowl performance breeded at starter period.

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