scholarly journals Effect of mating method, sex and birth type on growth of lambs

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
A. Jevtic-Vukmirovic ◽  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
V. Caro-Petrovic ◽  
B. Milosevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mating Method ◽  
Birth Type

Estrus synchronization methods was use to control the reproductive traits of sheep, as well as bringing more females at the same stage of estrus and ovulation. According to the points mentioned above, the aim of the present study was to investigate and compare mating method and influence of fixed factors on birth and weaning weight of lambs. Statistical analysis showed that exist difference in the body weights between genotypes of lambs. In the first group, the difference in weight of lambs at birth, regardless of mating method was not significant (P> 0.05), while in the second group, the difference was slightly significant (P <0.05). As for the birth type, sex and within the same genotype, there was a statistical significance (P <0.05) between singles obtained naturally, between the triplets obtained naturally and between triplets received hormonal method. All the differences between body weight at 30 days (mating method, sex and birth type under the same genotype) were statistically significant (P <0.05).The determined differences in the body weights at 60 days (sex, mating method and type of birth under the same genotype) were statistically significant (P <0.05). The results showed that the differences (mating method, sex and type of birth under the same genotype) were statistically significant (P <0.05), except in between body weight at 90 days in twins among two genotypes obtained by natural method, which were not statistically significant (P> 0.05).

scholarly journals Estimation of phenotypic and genetic trends of the growth traits in Lipska and Svrljig sheep

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-749
Author(s):  
V. Caro-Petrovic ◽  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
Z. Ilic ◽  
N. Maksimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
First Time ◽  
Genetic Trends ◽  
Birth Type

Some phenotypic and genetic trends on growth traits of lambs are observed. The research implicated lambs of two local breeds of sheep: Lipska (LP) and Svrljig (SV). All lambs were weighed for the first time at birth (BWB), and thereafter, regularly in two-week intervals. On the basis of the results during weighing the body weight (BW) were adjusted to the average age: 30 (BW30), 60 (BW60) and 90 days (BW90). Results of the effect of genotype on growth showed a significant effect on the growth traits. Sex of lambs had a significant effect at birth and very significant effect at 30 days, but had no significant effect on weight at 60 (BW60) and 90 (BW90) days. Birth type had significant effect on the body weight from birth to weaning and the highest body weights were recorded in singles. Phenotypic correlations were positive and very highly significant between the growth traits. Genetic correlations were significant, but not between all observed ages of lambs.

Deposition of protein, fat and energy in lambs of the breed German Merino Landsheep

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bellof ◽  
J. Pallauf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Deposition

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the deposition of fat, protein and energy during the growth period of lambs. Male and female lambs (no. = 54 of each) were fattened (three feeding levels) and slaughtered at various body weights (BW): 18, 30, 45, and 55 kg. Based on the method of the comparative slaughter technique the total body of each animal was analysed. From the data of empty-body gain, fat, protein and energy deposition in the different fattening periods was calculated.The male lambs showed at all body weights tested and in all feeding level groups a lower daily fat deposition and a higher daily protein deposition compared with the female lambs. The deposition of fat increased in both genders with increasing body weight. The amount of increase differed between the three feeding levels. The male lambs showed at all body weights and in all feeding level groups a higher daily gain in body weight but a lower daily deposition of energy compared with the female lambs. However, for the latter, the gender difference rarely reached statistical significance. Parallel to the daily deposition of fat the daily deposition of energy increased in both genders with increasing body weight.Based on the deposition of fat and protein during the growth period of the lambs the body composition was estimated by allometric equations. The equations showed a consistent pattern of protein concentration falling and fat concentration rising with increasing empty body weight. Compared with the literature a higher protein and lower fat concentration in empty body gain was predicted.

scholarly journals Hubungan Berat Induk dan Berat Sapi Anak Sapi

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Sulaiman Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
The Body ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mating Method

ABSTRACT. A survey conducted to study a relationship between a dam body weight and a calf birth weight of cattle. There were six dams of Brahman Cross (B.C), six females calves of B.C dam, eleven local cattle dams and her eleven females calves, and another seven dams of local cattle and her seven male calves. The mean birth weight were local cattle and her seven male calves. The mean birth weight were 20.67 ±13.47 Kg for the female calf of B.C dam, and 19.27 ± 4.41 Kg for thr female calf of local cattle dam, and 18 ± 2.33 Kg for the male calf of local cattle dam. The mating method used was an artificial insemination and Brahman Cross frozen semen. The birth weight between the two groups of these female calves were not significantly different, and berween the two groubs of these female calves and the male calves were not significantly different. The body weights of B.C dams were not significantly correlated with their female calves ( r= + 0.7166, P0.05), and the local dam body weights were not significantly correlated with their female calves (r=+0.7450, P0.05), and with their male calves (r=+ 0.1948, P0.05). The equation of the regression lines were Y = 5.38 + 0.07 X for female calves and Y = 16.21 + 0.01 X for male calves. X dam body wight, and Y = calf birth weight.

The Expression of Maternal Behavior in Chinese Hu Sheep and its Effects on Lamb Survival and Body Weight

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongqing Geng ◽  
Lanping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
The Body ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Lamb Survival ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Neonatal Lambs ◽  
Hu Sheep

Background: The difference in the maternal behavior expression of sheep can affect the early growth and development as well as the survival of lambs. The characteristics of maternal behavior in primiparous and multiparous ewes were observed to reveal the expression of maternal behavior in Chinese Hu sheep and its effects on early lamb survival and body weight.Methods: In total 527 pregnant ewes with delivery were selected, including 246 primiparous ewes and 281 multiparous ewes. The observation record of maternal behavior began from 10 days before delivery to 3 days after delivery by video recording. The behaviors of ewe to the lamb included licking, suckling, seeking lambs, denial of suckling after delivery, butting and trampling lambs, abandoning lambs, and stealing lambs. Body weight of lambs were recorded including newborn, 7-day-old, 14-day-old and 35-day-old (weaning).Result: There were significant differences in the incidence rate in lamb abandonment and stealing between primiparous and multiparous ewes (P less than 0.05), namely the primiparous ewe group had the higher incidence of undesirable behaviours. However, there were no significant differences in seeking, licking and trampling behaviors between two groups (P greater than 0.05). Lamb survival within 7 days after delivery of multiparous ewes was greater than primiparous ewes (P less than 0.05). The body weights of newborn and 7-day-old lambs in the multiparous ewe group were significantly higher than the primiparous group (P less than 0.05). This study demonstrates that limited significant differences exist between primiparous and multiparous ewes in several aspects of maternal behavior in Chinese Hu sheep. Ewe behavioral expression associated with the birth and care of the neonatal lambs are essential for the survival and growth of the offspring.

L-Ascorbic Acid Addition to Chitosan Reduces Body Weight in Overweight Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Y. Jung ◽  
Sung C. Jun ◽  
Un J. Chang ◽  
Hyung J. Suh
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Body Weights

Previously, we have found that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan enhanced the reduction in body weight gain in guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet. We hypothesized that the addition of L-ascorbic acid to chitosan would accelerate the reduction of body weight in humans, similar to the animal model. Overweight subjects administered chitosan with or without L-ascorbic acid for 8 weeks, were assigned to three groups: Control group (N = 26, placebo, vehicle only), Chito group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan), and Chito-vita group (N = 27, 3 g/day chitosan plus 2 g/day L-ascorbic acid). The body weights and body mass index (BMI) of the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the Control group. The BMI of the Chito-vita group decreased significantly compared to the Chito group (Chito: -1.0 kg/m2 vs. Chito-vita: -1.6 kg/m2, p < 0.05). The results showed that the chitosan enhanced reduction of body weight and BMI was accentuated by the addition of L-ascorbic acid. The fat mass, percentage body fat, body circumference, and skinfold thickness in the Chito and Chito-vita groups decreased more than the Control group; however, these parameters were not significantly different between the three groups. Chitosan combined with L-ascorbic acid may be useful for controlling body weight.

Roux-en-Y Gastrointestinal Bypass Promotes Activation of TGR5 and Peptide YY

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1262-1267
Author(s):  
Haojun Yang ◽  
Hanyang Liu ◽  
YuWen Jiao ◽  
Jun Qian
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
L Cells ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bypass ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Background: G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) is involved in a number of metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the role of TGR5 after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP). Methods: Wild type and TGR5 knockout mice (tgr5-/-) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to establish the obesity model. GBP was performed. The changes in body weight and food intake were measured. The levels of TGR5 and peptide YY (PYY) were evaluated by RT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Moreover, the L-cells were separated from wild type and tgr5-/- mice. The levels of PYY in L-cells were evaluated by ELISA. Results: The body weights were significantly decreased after GBP in wild type mice (p<0.05), but not tgr5-/- mice (p>0.05). Food intake was reduced after GBP in wild type mice, but also not significantly affected in tgr5-/- mice (p>0.05). The levels of PYY were significantly increased after GBP compared with the sham group (p<0.05); however, in tgr5-/- mice the expression of PYY was not significantly affected (p>0.05). After INT-777 stimulation in L-cells obtained from murine intestines, the levels of PYY were significantly increased in L-cells tgr5+/+ (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that GBP up-regulated the expression of TGR5 in murine intestines, and increased the levels of PYY, which further reduced food intake and decreased the body weight.

Seasonal changes in pancreatic B-cell function in euthermic yellow-bellied marmots

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (2) ◽  
pp. R159-R165 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Florant ◽  
A. K. Lawrence ◽  
K. Williams ◽  
W. A. Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
Peripheral Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
System Input

Fasting plasma insulin (PI) and glucose (PG) concentrations were measured throughout the body weight cycle of marmots. Animals gained weight during summer, and in late fall body weight peaked, after which they ceased feeding. Each month euthermic animals were injected intra-arterially with either dextrose (500 mg/kg) or porcine insulin (0.1 U/kg), and blood samples were collected over the subsequent 2 h. During weight gain fasting PI concentration and pancreatic B-cell response to injected dextrose increased markedly. Maximal insulin release to a dextrose challenge was measured during peak body weight or when body weight initially began to decline. The PG concentration after exogenous insulin administration was slight (less than 10%) in the fall but increased approximately 25% in the spring after marmots lost weight. Basal PG levels were not significantly different throughout the year. Basal fasting PI concentrations were significantly higher during the fall (P less than 0.01). It is suggested that in the fall, when marmots are obese, hyperinsulinemia and peripheral insulin resistance appear. Furthermore, in two animals with an increase in body weight of approximately 30% or less over the summer, peripheral resistance was demonstrable, albeit not as marked as in animals that appropriately doubled their body weights when given food ad libitum. Thus we hypothesize that factors other than adiposity, i.e., food intake, central nervous system input to the pancreatic B-cell, and/or changes in B-cell sensitivity to PG, may contribute to the observed peripheral insulin resistance and may be involved in body weight regulation.

scholarly journals Characteristics of anteroposterior curvatures of the spine in soccer and futsal players

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Chromik ◽  
Anna Burdukiewicz ◽  
Jadwiga Pietraszewska ◽  
Aleksandra Stachoń ◽  
Paweł Wolański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Prevention Training ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractPurpose. The aim of the study was to determine differences in anteroposterior spine curvatures between futsal players, soccer players, and non-training students. The results may contribute to the development of present-day knowledge of posturometry, and its implementation in training can help reduce the risk of body posture disorders in athletes. Methods. The examined group consisted of 48 athletes and 38 non-training college students. Body posture parameters were measured with the use of Posturometr-S. The normality of distribution was checked with the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the differences between the groups were measured with ANOVA and the Bonferroni post-hoc test. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results. The analysis of angle values revealed the widest and most similar measurements in the group of futsal players and soccer players. The analysis of variance proved statistically significant differences between the soccer players and futsal players (p = 0.003). The difference between the soccer players and non-training students was statistically significant. The highest γ angular value was measured in non-training students, followed by futsal players and soccer players. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the non-training students and futsal players, as well as non-training students and soccer players (p < 0.001). Conclusions. A complex assessment of athletes’ body posture is crucial in injury prevention. Training overloads may often lead to disorders of the organ of locomotion and affect the correct body posture in athletes. This, in turn, may result in pains and injuries.

scholarly journals Composition of the human foetus

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharad V. Apte ◽  
Leela Iyengar
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Foetus ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Ca:P Ratio

1. The body composition was determined of forty-one fetuses of different gestational ages born to mothers belonging to a low socio-economic group of the population.2. With increasing gestational age the water content fell from 88% at 28 weeks to 76% at term; the fat content increased from 2.1% to 11.2% and the protein content increased from 6.9 to 9.3%.3. The changes in body composition were more closely related to body-weight than to gestational age.4. The calcium, Phosphorus and magnesium contents of the body per unit fat-free weight progressively increased with gestational age, and at term the values appeared to be considerably lower than those reported in the literature. The Ca:P ratio was constant at different body-weights.5. The body iron content per unit of fat-free weight increased marginally with increasing gestational age. The value was almost 30% lower than the values reported from elsewhere.6. It is suggested that chemical composition and nutrient stores of the developing foetus can be considerably influenced by the state of maternal nutrition.

Effect of Changes in Ambient Temperature on Spontaneous Activity, Food Intake and Body Weight of Goldthioglucose-Obese and Nonobese Mice

1957 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Fregly ◽  
N. B. Marshall ◽  
J. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Exposure To Cold ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Body Weights

Goldthioglucose-obese mice cannot adjust their food intake to meet the increased energy requirements due to cold. At all ambient temperatures above 15°C the spontaneous running activity of these animals is less than that observed for nonobese controls. Activity of obese mice is maximal at 19°C and minimal at 15°C or lower. Body weights decrease during exposure to cold. In contrast to that of obese mice, running activity of nonobese controls is maximal at an ambient temperature of 25°C but nearly ceases at 15°C or lower. The food intake of these animals increases in the cold and remains elevated even at temperatures at which activity decreases. The body weight of nonobese controls is either maintained constant or increases during exposure to cold air.

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