scholarly journals Principal component analysis of the conformation traits of Yankasa sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Leg Length

This study was preformed to evaluate the biometric traits of 227 Yankasa sheep in northern Nigeria under a multivariate approach. The body measurements taken were: withers height, rump height, body length, heart girth, tail length, face length, shoulder width, head width, rump width, ear length, foreleg length, hind leg length and rump length. The animals were divided into two age groups: <15.5 and 15.5 - 28.3 months old, respectively. General linear model was used to study age group effect while principal component factor analysis was performed to define body shape upon the correlation matrix of the thirteen body measurements. Age group significantly (P<0.05) affected the morphological characters except ear length. Pearson?s coefficients of correlation were positive and significant in both age groups. In <15.5 months old sheep, four principal components (factors) were extracted (ratio of variance = 89.27). The first factor accounted for 73.03% of the total variance and was interpreted as a measure of general size. The second factor which explained 7.61% of the generalized variance tended to describe flesh dimensions (shoulder width and rump width), while the third factor had its loadings for tail length and ear length. The fourth factor was influenced by head width. In 15.5-28.3 months old sheep, three factors (ratio of variance=75.21) were identified. These seven extracted factors could be considered in breeding programmes to improve body conformation of sheep since variation in meat traits was not associated with body height.

scholarly journals Morphometric Characterization And Relationship Of Body Weight With Linear Body Measurements In Black Bengal Buck

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMS Sylvia Rahman ◽  
MAMY Khandoker ◽  
SS Husain ◽  
AS Apu ◽  
A Mondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Morphometric Characterization

The present study was conducted at the Artificial Insemination Center, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to record the Black Bengal bucks morphology and to relate body weight with different body measurements. A total of 22 Black Bengal bucks of different ages were taken and were divided into six age groups (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months). The body weight of Black Bengal bucks at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age were 1.21 ± 0.12, 4.26 ± 0.25, 7.68 ± 0.31, 12.76 ± 0.42, 16.56 ± 0.57 and 21.82 ± 0.70 kg respectively. Age had a significant effect (P<0.05) on heart girth, body length and height at wither (P<0.05) except the measurement of height at wither at 0 and 3 months. The measurement of fore and hind leg length, head length and width, ear length and breadth and also tail length differed significantly (P<0.05) between the age groups. The average scrotal circumferences (SC) were recorded as 4.85 ± 0.22, 10.35 ± 0.39, 15.42 ± 0.34, 18.05 ± 0.24, 19.72 ± 0.33 and 20.83 ± 0.41 cm at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age, respectively and differed significantly (P<0.05) with the advancement of age. Animals of the same age group supposed to be similar in conformation. Body weight was highly correlated (P<0.01) with heart girth (0.94), body length (0.95) and height at wither (0.96). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i2.9876 BJAS 2008; 37(2): 8-16

CHARACTERIZATION AND CONSERVATION OF THE MALPURA SHEEP BREED

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
S. C. Mehta ◽  
P. K. Vij ◽  
B. K. Joshi ◽  
R. Sahai ◽  
A. E. Nivsarkar
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Face Length ◽  
Chest Girth

SUMMARYObservations were recorded on morphological characteristics, body weights and body measurements of 344 Malpura sheep belonging to nine age groups during a survey conducted in 18 randomly selected villages of three blocks of the Chittorgarh district of Rajastha. The body weights at birth, 1, 3, 6 and 9 months and adult weight averaged 3.3, 6.7±0.88, 12.9±0.71, 16.4±0.71, 21.0±1.00 and 31.4 kg respectively. Height, body length, chest girth, paunch girth, face length, face width, tail length and ear length of adult Malpura sheep averaged 63.6, 66.8, 77.1, 80.9, 20.7, 9.8, 30.3 and 6.3 cm respectively. Sex of the animal had significant effect on weight, height, body length and chest girth at 8 teeth stage. Phenotypic correlations of body weight with height, chest girth and paunch girth ranged from 0.76±0.04 to 0.88±0.03 and regression of weight on these body measurements ranged from 0.63±0.02 to 0.98±0.05.

scholarly journals The effects of genotype and week of lactation on milk yield, udder dimensions and linear body measurements of non-dairy ewes

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
O. O. Adewumi ◽  
C. A. Chineke ◽  
J. A. Alokan ◽  
I. J. James ◽  
O. A. Akinola
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
West African ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Face Length ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Linear Body

One hundred and ninety two records were taken weekly for twenty four (24) weeks from West African Dwarf (WD), the Yankasa (YN) and the West African Dwarf X Yankasa crossbred (XB) sheep. The traits evaluated were milk yield (MK), linear body measurements (LB) such as height at withers, (HT), body length (BL), heart girth (HG), shoulder width (SW), Tail length (TA), Neck length (NL), Neck circumference (NC), Face length (FA), Hind leg length (HL), Foreleg length (FL), Face length (FA), Ear length (EA), Head width (HW) and Rump height (RH) together with the following Udder dimensions (UD): Udder circumference (UC), Teat length (TL) and Teat circumference (TC). There was significant (P<0.05) influence of genotype on MK, WHT, HT, BL, TA, FL, HL, FA, EA and RH. The WD ewes produced more milk than either the YN or XB enes. Average daily milk yield (ml) was 122.25, 90.88 ana 108.8. The YN genotype was superior in all LBs except SW and NC than the WD and XB in the three genotypes. Height at withers was 59.08, 69.21 and 61.81 cm; BL 48.54, 55.08 and 54.49 cm and RH 62.88, 75.11 and 68.46 cm for WD, YN and XB enes respectively. Since milk offtake is related to body weight and some linear body measurements, selection for WT, HG, SW, NL NC, UC and TL in WD ewes could lead to higher milk and mutton production.  

scholarly journals Measures of relationships and association among body weight and biometric traits of donkeys in Northwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
P. A. John ◽  
A. O. Iyiola-Tunji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Predicted Body Weight

Body linear measurements of different age categories of donkeys were used to predict the body weight of donkeys using stepwise regression procedure. This work was conducted to estimates the live body weight of donkeys from biometric traits. A total of 700 donkeys were measured into three age groups (weaners 6 months- 1 year, young above 1- 3 years and adults 3 years and above). Morphometric measures taken were body weight, head length, head width, ear length, neck length, neck circumference, shoulder width, height at withers, heart girth, body length and tail length using random sampling technique. Significant variations were observed in morphometric (P<0.05, P<0.01) traits. The results of the study showed that significantly (P<0.01) predicted body weight of these donkeys with good efficiencies were neck circumference (NC), tail length (TL) and body length (BL) were the best predictors of body weight with R2= 100% in weaners, head width (HWD), neck circumference (NL), neck circumference (NC) and height at withers (HW) with R2= 100% in young and HW, HG with R2 = 100% in adult category. The traits were significantly (p<0.05, 0.01) and positively correlated amongst themselves (r=0.09-0.87).It is therefore concluded that the inclusion of two variables improved the prediction marginally, but the addition of further variables gave little further improvement. The association may be useful as selection criterion, since positive correlations of traits suggest that the traits are under the same gene action (pleiotropy/linkage). It is therefore recommended that tail length, neck circumference, body length, height at withers and heart girth should be used as the best predictors of body weight across the sex and age categories of donkeys. 

Exploratory Principal Component Analysis of Body Morphometric Traits as Affected by Age and Sex in Donkeys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onoruoyiza Asuku Ibrahim ◽  
Kayode Anthony Olutunmogun ◽  
Mallam Iliya ◽  
Chima Martin Umego ◽  
Opeyemi Rachel Alao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Production Research ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the principal component analysis of body morphometric traits as affected by age and sex in donkeys reared on a research station in the National Animal Production Research Institute, Shika-Zaria, Nigeria. This was based on the objective of classifying age and sex using the multivariant method of principal component analysis (PCA) on morphometric traits of donkeys. Data were collected from a total of 101 donkeys based on age and sex on body wright, heart girth, body length, height at withers, tail length, shoulder width, head width, ear length, head length, neck circumference and neck length. The data obtained were subjected to multivariate factor analysis with varimax rotation using IBM® SPSS® Version 21. The results obtained revealed that the age group ≤ 1 year had one PCA, 2–3 years age group had four PCA, 4–5 years group had three PCA while those ≥ 6 years had two PCA. Most of the variables in combination with age largely formed the block of PC1 while other PCA had one or two variables correlating with them. Most of the variables formed PC1 for the Jacks while head width (HW) and ear length (EL) formed PC2. The Jennies had its entire variable in one PCA. Therefore, PC1 had the highest loading for the variables both by age and by sex as the animals are relatively well adapted to their environment. It can be concluded that donkeys between 2-3years have more PC correlation proportions.

scholarly journals Morphometric variations of Asian Common Palm Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, Pallas 1777) from Bali Island, Indonesia as the basis of morphometrics diversity data

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARIS WINAYA ◽  
MAFTUCHAH ◽  
CARLA MOROS NICOLÁS ◽  
DWI PRASETYO
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Hair Color ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Palm Civet ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract. Winaya A, Maftuchah, Nicolas CM, Prasetyo D. 2020. Morphometric variations of Asian Common Palm Civet (Paradoxurus Hermaphroditus, Pallas 1777) from Bali Island, Indonesia as the basis of morphometrics diversity data. Biodiversitas 21: 1027-1034. Asian Common Palm Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, Pallas 1777) is one of the small carnivores that also lives in Bali island, Indonesia. Civets can process coffee beans by fermenting them in the digestive tract, so the coffee beans have a unique aroma. This coffee product, commonly known as Kopi Luwak, is the most expensive type of coffee in the world. The purposes of this study were to obtain the morphometric variations, genetic diversity, and genetic relationship of Bali civets. In this study, we involved 73 civets from four different areas (Bangli, Tabanan, Gianyar, and Denpasar) of Bali Islands, Indonesia. The quantitative character was the body size of animals, and the qualitative character was their hair color. The body size among populations was not significantly different (P>0.05). The complete canonical structure analysis showed that tail length (1.04) and body length (0.76) in canonical 1 and body height (0.96) and head width (0.94) in canonical 2 could be used as a group differentiator. The genetic distance among Bali civets was categorized as close except Bangli civets having far distance than others.

scholarly journals The Accuracy of Broselow Tape Weight Estimate among Pediatric Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turki M. AlHarbi ◽  
Abdullaziz AlGarni ◽  
Fasial AlGamdi ◽  
Mona Jawish ◽  
Tariq Ahmad Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Medical City

Objective.To determine the accuracy of the Broselow Tape (BT) versions 2007 and 2011 in estimating weight among pediatric population.Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Medical City and six schools across Riyadh province on 1–143-month-old children. BT 2007 and 2011 estimated weights were recorded. Both tapes via the child’s height produce an estimated weight, which was compared with the actual weight.Results.A total of 3537 children were recruited. The height (cm) of the subjects was97.7±24.1and the actual weight (kg) was16.07±8.9, whereas the estimated weight determined by BT 2007 was15.87±7.56and by BT 2011 was16.38±7.95. Across all the five age groups, correlation between actual weight and BT 2007 ranged between 0.702 and 0.788, while correlation between actual weight and BT 2011 ranged between 0.698 and 0.788. Correlation between BT 2007 and BT 2011 across all the five age groups ranged from 0.979 to 0.989. Accuracy of both the tape versions was adversely affected when age was >95 months and body weight was >26 kilograms.Conclusions.Our study showed that BT 2007 and 2011 provided accurate estimation of the body weight based on measured body height. However, 2011 version provided more precise estimate for weight.

scholarly journals Genotype, gestation length, season, parity and sex effects on growth traits of two rabbit breeds and their crosses

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S.A. Egena ◽  
G.N. Akpa ◽  
I.C. Alemede ◽  
A. Aremu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Trunk Length ◽  
Body Dimensions ◽  
Sex Effects ◽  
Foundation Stock

One hundred and thirty rabbits were used to evaluate the effect of genotype, gestation length, season, parity and sex on growth traits of two breeds of rabbit and their crosses. The rabbit used for the experiment were breeds of the New Zealand White (NZW) and Chinchilla (CH) breed. Six breeding bucks (three/breed) and eighteen breeding does (nine/breed) served as the foundation stock. Traits measured include: body weight (BW), nose to shoulder length (NTS), shoulder to tail length (STL), heart girth (HG), trunk length (TL) and length of ear (LE). Results revealed that, BW of the rabbits were influenced (p<0.05) by genotype, gestation length and season. CH x (CH x NZW) progenies had better BW at 35-d and 49-d of age while NZW x CH progenies had better BW at 21-d of age. Kittens born late (32-34 days) had better BW at 21-d, 35-d and 49-d while kittens kindled during early dry season had better BW at 21-d, 35-d and 49-d. Genotype affected (p<0.05) all the body measurements at 21-d, 35-d and 49-d. Gestation length affected (p<0.05) all the body measurements except for NTS at 21-d and HG at 49-d respectively. Season of birth also influenced (p<0.05) all the body measurements except for LE 21-d. Parity and sex had no effect (p>0.05) on BW, NTS, STL, HG, TL and LE. It was concluded that genotype, gestation length and season influenced BW and body dimensions of the two breeds of rabbit and their crosses while parity and sex had no effect.

scholarly journals The burden of the current curative expenditure of injury in Dalian, China-A study based on “System of Health Accounts 2011”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Sun ◽  
Liuna Yang ◽  
Xinzhu Hu ◽  
Yalan Zhu ◽  
Boxi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Curative Care ◽  
Health Accounts ◽  
System Of Health Accounts ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Injury is one of the major public health problems, which causes more than 5 million deaths in the world every year. Cases of specific types of injury put a tremendous threat to human health and also add a heavy medical burden on individuals and societies. This study was to calculate and analyze the current curative expenditure (CCE) of injury in Dalian and consequently to provide control strategies for decision-makers. Main text: A total of 565 medical institutions were selected with multistage stratified cluster random sampling, containing 4,375,351 valid samples. Subsequently, the distribution of injury CCE in different dimensions (including age and site of injury) was analyzed under the framework of System of Health Accounts 2011(SHA 2011) using the established database. There were increases from 32.36/100,000 in 2006 to 37.34/100,000 in 2017 and from 46.12/100,000 in 2006 to 54.48/100,000 in 2017 in urban and rural residents respectively. The study found that the CCE of injury in Dalian had reached 1572.73 million RMB, accounting for 7.45% of the total curative care expenditure. In the 15–25 age group, the cost of injury accounts for a larger proportion of CCE than other age groups. Among the injuries in different regions of the body, injuries to the spine, lower limb, head and foreign body entering cost the most. Conclusions Dalian has a relatively serious burden of injury costs. The essential and primary goal is to reduce the cost and increase the benefit of attending to patients with injuries. Specific control strategies should be tilted toward the age group 15–25. Injuries to the spine, lower limb, head and foreign body entering also should be priorities of interventions.

scholarly journals AYURVEDIC DIETARY CONCEPTS IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUP OF CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Shamama Firdaus ◽  
Sunil Topre ◽  
Nitin Mane
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
The Body ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Major Factors

Ayurveda is a science of life, which mainly aims to promote and preserve the health of the individuals. In this techno and competitive era, life style and diet are major factors influencing the health of the individuals. Diet and dietary habits play important role in maintenance of health. Ayurveda, its main aim is to promote and preserve the health, strength and longevity of healthy person and to cure the disease. Ayurveda places special emphasis on Ahara and believes that healthy nutrition nourishes the Sharir, Mana, Atma. As Acharyas has described Ahara. Nidra, Brahmcharya are Tryoupsthambha (sub pillars) which support the body itself. Here Ahara has been placed first which shows that it is most important to maintain and sustain of life. Children are delicate and most sensitive and prone to the infectious diseases. They are miniature of adult. They are in Ajatvyajanawastha (developing stage). Psychologically they are innocent. Being in developmental phase, Ahara plays very important role in the life of children. So parents should be aware of dietetic components required by child in different age groups.

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