scholarly journals Research on reproductive performance of mares in Serbia using bacteriological examination

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 883-892
Author(s):  
M.I. Urosevic ◽  
D. Stojanovic ◽  
B. Lako ◽  
I. Jajic ◽  
Z. Milicic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Streptococcus Zooepidemicus ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Bacillus Spp

The research was conducted on 19 stud farms in Serbia, on 80 mares used for breeding, with and without reproductive disorders. During the two years period (from 2009 to 2010) double guarded uterine swabs from 80 mares, aged between 3 and 22 years were collected. Mares belonged to the different breeds: Thoroughbred, Standardbred, Lipizzaner and mixed breeds. It was determined, that bacterial infection of genital organs was found in 24 mares in the examined population, and the bacterial species Streptococcus zooepidemicus was diagnosed in the 11 samples from cervical swabs. In the 5 samples, Escherichia coli was isolated, while Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pasteurella multocida were present in the 2 samples each, while the other causes and simultaneous isolation of two bacterial species are much less present. These species are: Bacillus spp. plus Escherichia coli; Streptococcus zooepidemicus plus Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli plus Streptococcus zooepidemicus. In one swab we determinated Arcanobacter pyogenes. In this examination, according to available data after natural mating, we found conception level of 43,10%, which is similar with previous reports in our country.

Bacteriological examination of a modern animal house containing small laboratory animals

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wierup
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
Small Laboratory ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Conventional Unit ◽  
Bacteriological Contamination

Floors and other areas totalling 1800 m2, comprising conventional and specified-pathogen-free (SPF) units, were screened bacteriologically 6 times in a year. The contamination indices observed were lower within than outside the units, and lower in the SPF than in the conventional unit. Bacterial counts in rooms containing animals in the conventional and SPF units were very similar. In all of the areas investigated within the units, most of the samples revealed <2 colony forming units per cm2. In contrast, high degrees of bacteriological contamination were detected in the changing rooms after showering or washing before entry. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the dominant bacterial species isolated. The bacteriological spectrum did not vary between the areas surveyed.

scholarly journals Susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from the hospital environment towards disinfectants commonly used for surfaces and medical devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 01081
Author(s):  
Samira Jaouhar ◽  
Abdelhakim El Ouali Lalami ◽  
Jawad Bouzid ◽  
Ikrame Zeouk ◽  
Khadija Bekhti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride

This study aimed to evaluate the bactericidal activity of common disinfectants used for surfaces and medical devices. Sodium hypochlorite (D1), disinfectant (D2) composed of N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine, chloride de didecyldimethylammonium, and disinfectant (D3) composed of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride and Polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, were tested against 15 strains isolated from the hospital environment and four reference bacteria. The microdilution method was performed to assess antimicrobial activity. The susceptibility was evaluated by comparing the minimum inhibitory dilution with the dilution of disinfectant recommended by the manufacture. D1 and D2 were active against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp, Corynebacterium spp, Gram-positive bacillus, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 3366, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strains but not active against Micrococcus spp, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. D3 was ineffective against Micrococcus spp, Bacillus Gram Positive, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Therefore, D1 and D2 can eliminate most pathogenic bacteria in hospitals, in comparison to D3. It is necessary to monitor the antibacterial activity of disinfectants against reference strains but also against those usually present on surfaces. The obtained results could have promising applications in controlling the emergence of nosocomial infections.

scholarly journals Isolation and antibiogram of aerobic nasal bacterial flora of apparently healthy West African dwarf goats and sheep in Abeokuta Area, Ogun State

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
F. O. Olufemi ◽  
O. B. Keinde ◽  
P. A. Akinduti ◽  
O. A Odunfa
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Studies conducted on the bacterial flora of the respiratory tract in goats or sheep focused on the clinically ill, with fewer studies on the apparently healthy goats and sheep and the antibiogram of isolated organisms. This study was carried out on apparently healthy 54 goats and 43 sheep. A total of seven different bacterial species were isolated from the upper respiratory tracts of the apparently healthy small ruminants using colonial morphology, gram staining and biochemical characterization.Antibiotic sensitivity of the bacterial isolates was performed against 10 commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antibiotics was conducted. The overall occurrence rate of bacteria isolated are Pseudomonas spp (42.0% in caprine and 27.3% in ovine); Bacillus spp (36.9%, caprine; 40%, ovine); Mannheima spp, (9.2%, caprine; 23.6%, ovine); Escherichia coli (7.6%, caprine; 9.1%, ovine); Staphylococcus spp (2.5%, caprine); Pasteurellaspp(0.8%, caprine) and Streptococcus spp (0.8%, caprine). The isolation of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica from the nasal cavity of apparently healthy goats and sheep in this study reflects their possible role in most common respiratory diseases encountered in these small ruminants. All the 174 (100%) isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin and 161 (92.5%) were resistant to Ceftriaxone. One hundred and sixty-eight (96.6%) isolates were sensitive to Ofloxacin and 140 (80.5%) were sensitive to both Gentamycin and Ciprofloxacin and 135 (77.6%) were sensitive to Perfloxin. Staphaureus was resistant to all the antibiotics used except Amoxicillin hence only Amoxicillin can be used for its treatment, while most isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobials tested, as demonstrated by higher MIC value. The emergence of antibiotic resistance to these pathogens  may increase infectious disease burdens and make the rapeutic treatment more expensive.

Influence of Ethanol With and Without Chlorhexidine on the Bacterial Colonization of the Umbilicus of Newborn Infants

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bygdeman ◽  
A Hambraeus ◽  
A. Henningsson ◽  
B. Nyström ◽  
C. Skoglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
The Other ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanol Group ◽  
Group G Streptococci ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B

AbstractThe effect of daily treatments with 70% ethanol and with 0.5% Chlorhexidine in 70% ethanol, respectively, on navel colonization in newborns has been studied in 624 infants in two maternity wards during a four-month period. Staphylococcus aureus, group B and G streptococci, E. coli and anaerobes were significantly less often isolated from newborns whose umbilical cord was treated with Chlorhexidine in ethanol than from those treated with ethanol only. Staphylococcus epidermidis and enterococci, on the other hand, were significantly more often isolated from the chlorhexidine-ethanol than from the ethanol group. More infants without colonization of the umbilicus on their fourth day of life were found in the Chlorhexidine in ethanol than in the ethanol group. The infants in the ethanol group were colonized with significantly more bacterial species than the infants in the other group. Signs of dissemination of group B and group G streptococci between babies were seen more often in the group of infants treated with ethanol than in the one treated with chlorhexidine-ethanol.

scholarly journals Equine Abortion and Stillbirth in Central Kentucky during 1988 and 1989 Foaling Seasons

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Hong ◽  
J. M. Donahue ◽  
R. C. Giles ◽  
M. B. Petrites-Murphy ◽  
K. B. Poonacha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Streptococcus Zooepidemicus ◽  
Equine Herpesvirus ◽  
Reproductive Loss ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Equine Abortion

Pathologic and microbiologic examinations were performed on 1,211 aborted equine fetuses, stillborn foals, and placentas from premature foals in central Kentucky during the 1988 and 1989 foaling seasons to determine the causes of reproductive loss in the mare. Placentitis (19.4%) and dystocia-perinatal asphyxia (19.5%) were the 2 most important causes of equine reproductive loss. The other causes (in decreasing order) were contracted foal syndrome and other congenital anomalies (8.5%), twinning (6.1%), improper separation of placenta (4.7%) torsion of umbilical cord (4.5%), placental edema (4.3%), equine herpesvirus abortion (3.3%), bacteremia (3.2%), fetal diarrhea (2.7%), other placental disorders (total of 6.0%), and miscellaneous causes (1.6%). A definitive diagnosis was not established in 16.9% of the cases submitted. Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Escherichia coli, Leptospira spp., and a nocardioform actinomycete were organisms most frequently associated with bacterial placentitis, and Aspergillus spp. was the fungus most often noted in mycotic placentitis. No viral placentitis was noticed in this series. Dystocia-perinatal asphyxia was mostly associated with large foals, maiden mares, unattended deliveries, and malpresentations. The results of this study indicate that in central Kentucky, the noninfectious causes of equine reproductive loss outnumber the infectious causes by an approximate ratio of 2:1, placental disorders are slightly more prevalent than nonplacental disorders, Leptospira spp. and a nocardioform actinomycete are 2 new important abortifacient bacteria in the mare, the occurrence of contracted foal syndrome is unusually frequent, the incidence of twin abortion has sharply declined, and torsion of the umbilical cord is an important cause of abortion in the mare.

scholarly journals Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Phylotyping of Escherichia coli

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 4784-4792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Hommais ◽  
Sabrina Pereira ◽  
Cécile Acquaviva ◽  
Patricia Escobar-Páramo ◽  
Erick Denamur
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Base Extension ◽  
Typing Methods

ABSTRACT We describe a rapid and easily automated phylogenetic grouping technique based on analysis of bacterial genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We selected 13 SNPs derived from a complete sequence analysis of 11 essential genes previously used for multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of 30 Escherichia coli strains representing the genetic diversity of the species. The 13 SNPs were localized in five genes, trpA, trpB, putP, icdA, and polB, and were selected to allow recovery of the main phylogenetic groups (groups A, B1, E, D, and B2) and subgroups of the species. In the first step, we validated the SNP approach in silico by extracting SNP data from the complete sequences of the five genes for a panel of 65 pathogenic strains belonging to different E. coli pathovars, which were previously analyzed by MLST. In the second step, we determined these SNPs by dideoxy single-base extension of unlabeled oligonucleotide primers for a collection of 183 commensal and extraintestinal clinical E. coli isolates and compared the SNP phylotyping method to previous well-established typing methods. This SNP phylotyping method proved to be consistent with the other methods for assigning phylogenetic groups to the different E. coli strains. In contrast to the other typing methods, such as multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, ribotyping, or PCR phylotyping using the presence/absence of three genomic DNA fragments, the SNP typing method described here is derived from a solid phylogenetic analysis, and the results obtained by this method are more meaningful. Our results indicate that similar approaches may be used for a wide variety of bacterial species.

scholarly journals Short communication: A comparison of the rate of polyethylene decomposition among Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Escherichia coli bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
MICHAEL PHILANDER ◽  
PAULETTE RAGOBEER ◽  
RUTH DANIEL
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles

Abstract. Philander M, Ragobeer P, Daniel R. 2019. Short communication: A comparison of the rate of polyethylene decomposition among Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Escherichia coli bacteria. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 97-100. This study did a comparative analysis of the rate of polythene plastic decomposition among three species of bacteria namely, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Escherichia coli. The three bacterial species were cultured and grown in 2-liter polyethylene terephthalate bottles with nutrient broth separately in triplicates along with a control that did not include any bacteria. These bottles were left undisturbed at room temperature for three months (92 days) after which the containers were subjected to sterilization. Plastic weights were taken using an electronic scale and compared with original values. From the results, it showed that in the three months there was a relatively large amount of degradation that occurred. Bacillus spp. and E.coli bacteria yielded similar results and moved at a rate faster than the Pseudomonas spp., A daily rate for each bacterial species was calculated and a predictive figure based on rates was made. If the rates remained constant there would be total degradation of the polyethylene plastics by the Bacillus spp., E. coli and Pseudomonas spp., in 11.45, 11.45 and 12.35 years respectively. This is a significant finding since in nature plastics can take hundreds of years to decompose.

scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopy of Bacterial Species and Strains Cultivated under Reproducible Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal F. M. Almarashi ◽  
Natalia Kapel ◽  
Thomas S. Wilkinson ◽  
Helmut H. Telle
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Strain Differentiation ◽  
Clear Goal

Rapid and reproducible discrimination between bacterial pathogens is a clear goal in microbiological laboratories when processing infected clinical samples. In this study Raman spectra were taken from at least 30 colonies of four strains of bacteria includingStaphylococcus epidermidis(1457 and 9142) andEscherichia coli(K12 and Top 10) using the Renishawin ViaRaman microscope system. Analysis based on principal components suggests that even strain differentiation (e.g., 1457 versus 9142 or K12 versus Top10) is possible.

scholarly journals An extended model for transfer of micro-organisms via the hands: differences between organisms and the effect of alcohol disinfection

1984 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Mackintosh ◽  
P. N. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Klebsiella Aerogenes ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Micro Organisms

SummaryA model for contact transfer of micro-organisms by hand has been extended to include representatives of bacterial species responsible for a majority of hospitalacquired infections. The ability of the organisms to transfer from contaminated fabrics to hands and from hands to sterile fabrics was measured, as was their ability to survive on the skin of the hands. There were differences between the species. Staphylococcus saprophyticus transferred well to the hand but not as well from hand to fabric as the other species; it survived well on skin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella aerogenes and Serratia marcescens transferred moderately well overall and also survived on the skin. These results were in contrast to those obtained with a strain of Escherichia coli and one of Streptococcus pyogenes.The contact transfer model was used to investigate the use of small volumes of alcohol in preventing transfer via the hands. An alcohol handrub of either 0·3 ml 80% ethanol or 0·3 ml 70% isopropanol gave reductions in transfer slightly less than that of a soap and water wash. Raising the volume, and consequently the contact time, to 0·5 ml 70% isopropanol gave a 14000-fold reduction in transfer, statistically indistinguishable from that of a thorough soap and water wash (9800-fold reduction).

scholarly journals Frequency of Different Bacterial Species and their Antibiogram among Patients with Chronic Otitis Media

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farooq Bhutta ◽  
Ashfaq Hussain ◽  
Salman Baig ◽  
Asad Ullah ◽  
Sarwath Fatimee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
The Other ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media

Aim: To find out the frequency of different bacterial species and their antibiogram among the patients of chronic suppurative otitis media. Study Design: Descriptivecross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the ENT department of Bahawal Victoria hospital between July to December 2020. Methodology: About 50 patients presented with unilateral or bilateral ear discharge and diagnosed as a case of chronic suppurative otitis media were included in the study. The disk diffusion method was used on Mueller-Hinton Agar to detect antimicrobial susceptibility. Multipledrugs were tested for checking antimicrobial susceptibility. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 13.89 ± 12.37 years. The majority of participants were froma younger age group i.e. less than10 years of age with female predominance. It had been found that the majority of cases (51%) were having Staphylococcus aureus infestation followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and very few with Proteus mirabilis. On the other hand, multiple drugs were tested to find out the antimicrobial susceptibility among the cases of chronic otitis media and the results reported that all the bacterial species were susceptible to Ceftriaxone while the other antibiotics were havinga variable response for different strains of bacteria. Conclusion: Results concluded that the Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and very few with Proteus mirabilis. It is important to identify the pathogenic organism and its sensitivity pattern before prescribing any antibiotic.

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