scholarly journals Evaluation of the dietary protein using an optimized HPLC method

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1345-1355
Author(s):  
I. Maros ◽  
A. Untea ◽  
C. Dragomir ◽  
M. Olteanu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Gaussian Shape ◽  
Corn Gluten

Protein quality is determined by the type and concentration of the essential amino acids and by their bioavailability. Hence, the content of dietary essential amino acids from a protein or mixture of proteins is a factor which determines the feeding quality of the protein. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the quality of the protein from a high protein raw ingredient (corn gluten) using a chromatographic method (HPLC) under optimized experimental conditions. In this study, we used pre-column derivatization, separation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV detection. The optimized method was used to determine the amino acids from high-protein raw ingredients commonly used in animal feeding (corn gluten, 61%CP). A set of 6 amino acids analyses has been performed in 6 different days, each sample being prepared in double. For characterization of data strings we used quality parameters: average, standard deviation, standard error, confidence level, precision, accuracy. For verifying the Gaussian shape of the strings we used the Kernel Density. For identifying and rejecting the outliers from the data strings we used the Q test. The very low values of the accuracy for several amino acids (glutamic acid, threonine, alanine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine) determined us to introduce the dilution stage (1:2) for the hydrolysed samples. The method can be considered as repeatable (precision in different days) and accurate (evaluation by tracing yields) for all the determined amino acids.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Minerals, Heavy Metals and Amino Acids Compositions of the Seeds and Juice of Cucumis metuliferus

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Onuabuchi Nnenna Ani ◽  
Cosmas Ezekaibeya Achikanu ◽  
Chukwuebuka Kenechukwu Onyishi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Food Supplement

The aim of this study was to compare the minerals, heavy metals and amino acids compositions of the seeds and juice of Cucumis metuliferus. The minerals and heavy metals content were evaluated using FS240AA agilent atomic absorption spectrometer according to the method of American Public Health Association while the amino acids content was evaluated using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). From the mineral analysis, concentrations of calcium (23.416 ppm), aluminum (0.094 ppm), manganese (0.242 ppm) and iron (1.243 ppm) were higher in the juice than in the seeds with respective values of 20.084 ppm, 0.079 ppm, 0.221 ppm and 0.934 ppm while the concentrations of magnesium (29.749 ppm), zinc (4.184 ppm), copper (0.125 ppm), sodium (8.927 ppm) and potassium (7.594 ppm) were higher in the seeds than in the juice with respective values of 20.592 ppm, 1.271 ppm, 0.030 ppm, 8.594 ppm and 6.833 ppm. The juice had higher concentrations of heavy metals such as arsenic (20.082 ppm), lead (4.135 ppm), cobalt (0.178 ppm), silver (0.074 ppm), selenium (7.246 ppm) and mercury (4.609 ppm) as against the seed with respective values of 0.578 ppm, 1.455 ppm while cobalt, silver, selenium and mercury were not detected. However, the concentrations of cadmium (0.389 ppm), chromium (0.545 ppm) and nickel (0.288 ppm) were higher in the seeds than in the juice with respective values of 0.082 ppm, 0.252 ppm and 0.016 ppm. From the result of amino acid analysis, 18 amino acids were found in both the seeds and juice which include 9 essential and 9 non-essential amino acids respectively. The qualitative composition of amino acids in both the seeds and the juice was same, but the quantitative contents differed although non-significantly from each other with prevalence of amino acids in the seeds. Aspartate was the most abundant of the amino acids found while cysteine was the least.  These results suggest that the seeds and juice of Cucumis metuliferus contain adequate essential minerals which are beneficial to human health. The contaminant levels of heavy metals highlights the necessity on the quality and safety concerns about their use and handling. The amino acids analysis showed that both the seeds and juice of Cucumis metuliferus are good sources of amino acid and could be used as food supplement. The amino acid content may also provide useful information for determination of the protein quality of Cucumis metuliferus.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF STORAGE TIME ON THE QUALITY OF SMOKED HETEROCLARIAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Ahmed Ayeloja ◽  
W. A. Jimoh ◽  
T. O. Uthman ◽  
M. O. Shittu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Duration Of Storage

Effect of storage time on the quality of smoked heteroclarias was studied. 108 samples of heteroclarias (average weight 210 + 15g) was used. Analysis carried out include: proximate, mineral composition (Ca, Na, Fe and Mg), biochemical, amino acid and sensory evaluation. Data obtained was subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while the sensory data was subjected to nonparametric test (Kruskal Wallis test). Smoked heteroclarias have good nutritional quality in terms of proximate, mineral and amino acids all of which decrease with increase in duration of storage at ambient temperatures. Glutamic acid  was the most predominant amino acid and the highest non-essential amino acid (NEEA), lysine was the most predominant EAA. There was higher concentration of non-essential amino acids than essential amino acids, EAA/NEAA ratio (0.86 – 0.93) recorded indicates that the fish have excellent protein quality; its the predicted protein efficiency ratio (P-PER) ranged between 3.44-3.61 and its biological value ranged between 79.84 -75.04. Its chemical score and TEAA decrease with increase in storage time. Its texture quality reduced significantly (χ2 = 12.207, p<0.01) with increased storage period. It is therefore recommended that smoked heteroclarias be consumed as soon as it is smoked and regularly for good healthy conditions especially among children, aged and other vulnerable groups.

Nutritional evaluation of meat meals for poultry. VII.* Effect of processing temperature on total and biologically available amino acids

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 913 ◽  
Author(s):  
AC Kondos ◽  
GL McClymont
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Biological Availability ◽  
Nutritional Evaluation ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The effect on the protein quality of meat meals of processing them under commercial conditions in a continuous dry renderer at maximum temperatures ranging from 116 to 160°C for a running time of 115 min was studied. Although the total levels of amino acids were little affected by processing temperatures, the biological availability of all essential amino acids, as determined by the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis, was reduced as the processing temperature increased. At 140 and 160°C the availability of certain amino acids was reduced by 37-56%, lysine, histidine, and methionine being the most severely affected. The availability of essential amino acids in meals produced at temperatures from 121 to c. 138° was not significantly different. The growth-promoting ability of the meat meals for chickens was closely related to the availability of the essential amino acids. __________________ *Part VI, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 19: 171 (1968).

scholarly journals The Analysis of Protein Level and Amino Acid Profile in Eels (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor) of Lake Poso -

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin ◽  
Nur Atina ◽  
Yonelian Yuyun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Anguilla Marmorata ◽  
Two Samples

In this study used a sample of eel fish species Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor from Poso lake that has a high protein content and is a fish endemic to Central Sulawesi. These eels are consumed by the surrounding community of the lake, but the nutritional content remains unknown. The present research was aimed to determine the protein level and amino acid profile of Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor eels. The protein level testing used Kjeldahl method, and amino acid profile used High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results demonstrate the protein level of the two samples Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard eels have a protein content of 41.84% and Anguilla bicoloreels at 33.75%. Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor eels contain 18 types of amino acid, comprised of 9 types of essential amino acids and 9 types of non-essential amino acids. Of the two samples of eel species Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor, have complete protein quality because it has all kinds of essential amino acids.

ABOMASAL PROTEIN AND AMINO ACIDS IN STEERS FED DIFFERENT PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. AMOS ◽  
C. O. LITTLE ◽  
D. G. ELY ◽  
G. E. MITCHELL Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Plasma Leucine ◽  
Nonessential Amino Acids ◽  
Different Sources

The quantities of nitrogen, protein, essential and nonessential amino acids reaching the abomasum of steers fed three different sources of supplemental nitrogen were estimated. When corn gluten meal (CGM) was the nitrogen supplement, more total nitrogen, protein, essential and nonessential amino acids reached the abomasum daily than were observed with distiller’s dried solubles (DDS) or soybean meal (SBM) supplements. Corn gluten meal resulted in significantly more total grams of abomasal isoleucine, leucine, methionine and phenylalanine reaching the abomasum. No differences were observed between DDS or SBM in total nitrogen, protein or essential amino acids reaching the abomasum. The molar percentage of plasma lysine was higher and threonine lower when CGM was fed than the values obtained when either DDS or SBM were fed. Lower plasma leucine and phenylalanine were observed when the DDS-supplemented ration was fed.

scholarly journals Agronomic, biochemical and genetic attributes of maize high grain quality accessions

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-289
Author(s):  
Jelena Vancetovic ◽  
Marija Kostadinovic ◽  
Sofija Bozinovic ◽  
Ana Nikolic ◽  
Jelena Vukadinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Mini Core Collection

Nutritional quality of maize is low because maize protein is poor in several essential amino acids. The purpose of this research was to analyze agronomic traits and kernel biochemical and physical properties of 16 gene bank accessions which comprise a mini-core collection for grain quality and to identify populations for improving protein quality. Standard ZP341 hybrid was superior for half of agronomic traits tested, especially grain yield, which was higher from 24% to six times. Ten accessions had protein content over 14 % and were further analyzed for amino acid composition and kernel characteristics. Additionally, genetic relationships between the accessions were determined by Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) analysis with 30 primers. All accessions showed elevated contents of most essential amino acids. Population L492 with 1.87 and 0.68 g 100g-1 dry weight had the highest contents of leucine and phenylalanine, respectively, but also higher contents of most other analyzed amino acids (p<0.05). Cluster analysis based on SSRs also distinguished L492 by separating it from all other accessions. Compared to ZP341, accessions were significantly inferior in grain weight and dimensions (p<0.05), but superior in most hardness parameters (p<0.05). Pearson correlations revealed lack of negative correlations between biochemical traits, indicating a possibility for concurrent improvement of several amino acids. The best way of improving protein quality of elite materials is through backcrossing and as populations were chosen according to their good general combining ability (with IoDent, Lancaster and BSSS), they could serve for improvement of elite materials of these genetic origins.

scholarly journals The effect of nitrogen and sulphur fertilization on yield and quality of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea, L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 697-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Losák ◽  
Jaroslav Hlušek ◽  
Stanislav Kráěmar ◽  
Ladislav Varga
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Applied Dose ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

In a greenhouse pot experiment with kohlrabi, variety Luna, we explored the joint effect of N (0.6 g N per pot = 6 kg of soil) and S in the soil (25-35-45 mg kg-1 of S) on yields, on N, S and NO3- content in tubers and leaves, and on alterations in the amino acids concentration in the tubers. S fertilisation had no effect on tuber yields. The ranges of N content in tubers and leaves were narrow (between 1.42-1.48 % N and 1.21-1.35 % N, respectively) and the effect of S fertilisation was insignificant. S concentration in the tubers ranged between 0.59 and 0.64 % S. S fertilisation had a more pronounced effect on the S concentration in leaf tissues where it increased from 0.50 to 0.58 or to 0.76 % S under the applied dose. The NO3- content was higher in tubers than in leaves. Increasing the S level in the soil significantly reduced NO3- concentrations in the tubers by 42.2-53.6 % and in the leaves by 8.8-21.7 %. Increasing the S content in the soil reduced the concentration of cysteine + methionine by 16-28 %. The values of valine, tyrosine, aspartic acid and serine were constant. In the S0, S1, and S2 treatments the levels of threonine, isoleucine, leucine, arginine, the sum of essential amino acids and alanine decreased from 37 to 9 %. The histidine concentration increased with increasing S fertilisation. S fertilisation of kohlrabi can be recommended to stabilize the yield and reduce the undesirable NO3- contained in the parts used for consumption.

scholarly journals Nutritional profile of kian marine worm from kei islands maluku as a potential high protein food resource

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Siti Rahma Lestaluhu ◽  
Siti Nur Arifah ◽  
Umie Lestari ◽  
Sri Rahayu Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Protein Food ◽  
Kei Islands ◽  
Marine Worms

The nutritional content of kian marine worm has never been reported. This study aimed to profile the nutritional content of worms from the Kei Islands, Maluku. Nutritional profiles were tested by proximate assays, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) of amino acids. The proximate analysis resulted in 71.16 percent of protein, 12.05 percent of water, 2.63 percent of carbohydrates, 2.21 percent of fat, 2.14 percent of crude fiber and 0.44 percent of ash. Mineral contents of Kian marine worm were 785.28 mg/kg potassium, 585.14 mg/kg magnesium, 180.98 mg/kg calcium, 0.89 mg/kg sodium and 0.44 mg/kg phosphorus. Kian marine worms contained 9 essential amino acids and 11 essential amino acids with levels of essential amino acids up to 206.94 mg/g and non-essential amino acids was 233.21 mg/g. Nutritional content in kian marine worms can be used as a potential high protein food resource.

scholarly journals КІЛЬКІСНИЙ І ЯКІСНИЙ АМІНОКИСЛОТНИЙ СКЛАД М’ЯСА КУРЧАТ–БРОЙЛЕРІВ ЗА ЗБАГАЧЕННЯ РАЦІОНУ НАНОМІКРОЕЛЕМЕНТНОЮ КОРМОВОЮ ДОБАВКОЮ «МІКРОСТИМУЛІН»

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
V.N. Kirichenko
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Experimental Group

The work analyzes qualitative and quantitative amino acid composition of broiler meat for diet enrichment nanotracelement feed additive «Mikrostymulin». It was founded that poultry muscle in control and experimental groups contain such essential amino acids, as threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine, methionine, and tryptophan tsystin. Research the quality of the essential amino–acids showed the presence of aspartic acid, serine, glycine, tyrosine, alanine, glutamic acid, proline, histidine, arginine and oxyproline.It was established that the use of «Mikrostymulin» increases the content of amino acids in meat of broiler chickens. In muscles of broiler chickens in the 1st research group, have beenadded «Mikrostymulin» in a dose of 1 ml/dm³ of water, the amount of essential amino acids and replacement tends to increase at chest and hip muscles, compared with the contro group.. Obviously, this can be explained by improved assimilation of food and stimulating the synthesis of amino acids under the influence of the components of the feed additive. In chickensof the 2nd research group,they received «Mikrostymulin» at a dose of 10 ml/dm³ water, it was registered a tendency to increase essential amino acids in the pectoral muscles, but in the femoral – it was tendency to decrease. In chickens of the 3 rd research group, they received«Mikrostymulin» at a dose of 20 ml/dm³ water, it was registered a tendency to reduce the amount of essential amino acids in the chest and thigh muscles. Number of essential amino–acids in chicken pectoral muscle in the 2 nd experimental group also increased slightly, and in the3 rd – reduced slightly, but in the femoral muscles they decreased slightly in the 2 nd and 3 rd experimental groups compared to control group.It is proved that the use of nanotracelement feed additive «Mikrostymulin» in a dose of 1 ml / dm³ of water improves the quality and increases the biological value of meat. 

scholarly journals The protein quality of cassava leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.O. Eggum
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Biological Criteria

1. A chemical and biological evaluation of the protein content of some leaves and leaf extracts from the eastern region of Nigeria (Biafra) has been made: most were from cassava (Munihot utilissima).2. The protein content of the leaves was from 3 0 to 40% (expressed as percentage of leaf dry matter). The concentrations of essential amino acids were adequate, except for methionine. The biological criteria, true digestibility (TD) and biological value (BV), showed that the digestibility was from 70 to 80%, whereas BV varied from 44 to 57%, depending on the methionine content.3. Adding methionine to a diet of cassava leaves raised BV from 49 for the leaves alone to 80 for the mixture. This relationship clearly shows that cassava leaves contain too little available methionine. An investigation into the true availability of the amino acids showed that this is somewhat variable, and only 60% of the methionine is available.4. The BV of cassava leaves combined with Norwegian dried cod showed a mutual supplementation effect.

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