Fuel potential and properties of grape pomace hydrochar

Acta periodica technologica ◽

10.2298/apt1950204p ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 204-209

Author(s):

Jelena Petrovic ◽

Marija Mihajlovic ◽

Marija Petrovic ◽

Marija Kojic ◽

Marija Koprivica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Content ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Functional Materials ◽

Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Grape Pomace ◽

Pollutant Emission ◽

Fixed Carbon ◽

Volatile Matter Content

Increasing fossil fuel depletion that leads to air pollution and global warming have become serious environmental problem. For this reason, a numerous of alternative biofuels have been developed and investigated as potential energy sources to substitute them. One of promising and highly effective technology for conversion of wet and waste biomass into multi-functional materials is a hydrothermal carbonization. In this study grape pomace was hydrothermally carbonized at different temperatures (180, 200 and 220?C). Produced hydrochars were characterized in order to investigate its potential application as an alternative and energy-efficient renewable fuels. The carbon, fixed carbon, sulphur and volatile matter contents were determined in all hydrochar samples. Obtained results showed that temperatures play significant role on the structural characteristics of produced materials. As expected, the carbon content and fixed carbon content in hydrochars were increased with temperature increasing. Higher yields of carbon and fixed carbon observed in hydrochars indicated that intensive carbonization of biomass occurred. On the contrary, sulphur and volatile matter content were decreased. Observed reduction may be a result of dehydration and decarboxylation of grape pomace during hydrothermal treatment. These reductions are highly beneficial and improve the efficiency of solids? direct combustion. Decreased volatile matter content can potentially reduce the release of inorganic vapours and pollutant emission during combustion, while decreased sulphur content preventing generation and emission of harmful sulphur oxides, SOx, compared to the parent biomass. The present study showed that hydrothermal carbonization mproved fuel qualities and potential of grape pomace hydrochars among different reaction temperatures.

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PENGARUH SUHU DAN WAKTU KARBONISASI TERHADAP NILAI KALOR DAN KARAKTERISTIK PADA PEMBUATAN BIOARANG BERBAHAN BAKU PELEPAH AREN (Arenga pinnata)

Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ◽

10.32734/jtk.v4i2.1470 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 46-52

Author(s):

Erwin Junary ◽

Julham Prasetya Pane ◽

Netti Herlina

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Renewable Biomass ◽

Volatile Matter Content ◽

Temperature Variable

The availability of the petroleum fuels that deprived from fossil is depleted with the increase of human population. The challenge for this fuel shortage crisis can certainly be anticipated with the manufacture of fuels deprived from renewable biomass. The study of this research is to create a biocharcoal deprived from sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) with the optimum carbonization time and temperature in order to obtain a biocharcoal with the highest calorific value. Biocharcoal is a charcoal created from biomass. The study of the determination of the optimum conditions for the manufacture of biocharcoal from sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) has a temperature variable of 300, 350, 400, 450 and 500 0C and time variable of 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Sugar palm was first cut into a small pieces and dried up under the sun and then put into a furnace to carbonate it according to the predetermined variables. The product from furnace was then put inside a desicator to cool it off for 30 minutes and then analyze it with moisture content test, ash content test, volatile matter content test, carbon content test and calorific value test. The best result was obtained at the temperature of 350 0C and 120 minutes of carbonization with the calorific value of 8611,2581 cal/gr, moisture content of %, ash content of %, volatile matter content of % and carbon content of %. Based of the calorific value obtained, the result shows that sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) biocharcoal could be utilize as an renewable alternative source fuels

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Analisis Proksimat Karbon Kulit Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana) dengan Variasi Suhu Karbonisasi

Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika ◽

10.24198/jiif.v5i2.35056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 157-163

Author(s):

Sarifah Mudaim ◽

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Carbonization Temperature ◽

Raw Material ◽

Carbon Production ◽

Volatile Matter Content ◽

Aleurites Moluccana

Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) is a plant with various benefits. Currently, candlenut is mostly used as a spice, candlenut shells also has a high calorific value so that it can be used as fuel. Candlenut has shells which is an organic waste. Candlenut shells have a hard texture and high carbon content. Most of the candlenut shell is used as fuel and only a small part is used as raw material for carbon production. Candlenut shell have good physical and chemical properties as carbon raw materials. Activated carbon is one of the carbon phases that can be used for various applications. In this paper, we report on the synthesis and characterization of carbon from candlenut shells to obtain high-quality carbon by controlling the carbonization temperature. In carbon production, we use variations in carbonization temperatures of 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 C. Proximate analysis was carried out to determine the moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content and bound carbon content. Analysis of the effect of carbonization temperature on the quality of carbon from candlenut shells resulted in the highest carbon in the sample with a temperature of 700 C, producing carbon with 5.32% moisture content, 9.40% ash content, 12.76% volatile matter content, and fix carbon content 72,52%

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PENGARUH CAMPURAN LIMBAH TUNGGAK KAYU TUMIH (Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq) Danser) DAN LIMBAH KAYU GALAM (Melaleuca cajuputi) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET ARANG DARI KAYU KHAS LAHAN BASAH DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

Jurnal Hutan Tropis ◽

10.20527/jht.v9i2.11295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 432

Author(s):

Noor Mirad Sari ◽

Violet Violet ◽

Khairun Nisa ◽

Syamsudin Syamsudin

Keyword(s):

Carbon Content ◽

Water Content ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Wood Waste ◽

Average Value ◽

Volatile Matter Content ◽

Melaleuca Cajuputi

Tumih (Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.) Danser) and Galam (Melaleuca cajuputi) are typical vegetation of the wetlands of South Kalimantan. Tumih and galam wood waste can be made into charcoal briquettes which have economic value. The aims of this study were: 1) Analyzing the characteristics of charcoal briquettes, namely: water content, density, ash content, volatile matter content, bound carbon content and calorific value and 2) Knowing the best treatment from a variety of treatments. The design model used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The process of making charcoal briquettes at the Forest Products Technology Laboratory. Testing the characteristics of charcoal briquettes was done at the Laboratory of the Research and Industrial Standardization Institute (BARISTAND) Banjarbaru. The results of the analysis of diversity showed that the mixed treatment of tumih wood waste and galam wood waste had a very significant effect on water content, ash content, volatile matter content, bound carbon content and calorific value, but had no significant effect on density. The water content of charcoal briquettes from galam wood waste and tumih wood waste and the combination of a mixture of galam wood waste and tumih wood waste ranged from 6.1133-10.6667 %, the average density value was between 0.5228-0.5897 g/cm3, the average value The average ash content is between 1.3000-2.9300%, the volatile matter content shows an average range of 41.6333-48.4767%, the average value of bound carbon content is 37.9267-50.5400% and the average calorific value ranged from 5084.41 to 6230.59 cal/g. Treatment A3 (25% galam wood waste + 75% tumih wood waste is the best treatment and meets American standards for moisture content and calorific value. Ash content of all treatments are A1. A2, A3 and A4 meet American standards.

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PRODUKSI KARBON AKTIF DARI BATUBARA BITUMINUS DENGAN AKTIVASI TUNGGAL H3PO4, KOMBINASI H3PO4-NH4HCO3, DAN TERMAL

REAKTOR ◽

10.14710/reaktor.17.2.74-80 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 74 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Esthi Kusdarini ◽

Agus Budianto ◽

Desyana Ghafarunnisa

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Water Content ◽

Active Carbon ◽

Bituminous Coal ◽

Chemical Activation ◽

Volatile Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Fixed Carbon ◽

Volatile Matter Content

Abstract ACTIVE CARBON PRODUCTION OF BITUMINOUS COAL WITH SINGLE ACTIVITY H3PO4, H3PO4 COMBINE WITH NH4HCO3, AND THERMAL. Bituminous coal has a good potential to be utilized as activated carbon because it has high carbon, which is between 54-86%. The purpose of research was to obtain moisture content data, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, absorption of iodine (iodine), area surface and the volume of pore activated carbon. Another aim was to study the effect of reagent types and concentrations of H3PO4 reagent and NH4HCO3 reagent to the characteristics of the activated carbon. The study was conducted in six stages: 1) carbonization; 2) chemical activation; 3) neutralizing; 4) filtering; 5) activation in physics; and 6) cooling. The renewal of this study is the use of reagents combination H3PO4-NH4HCO3. The results showed that the active carbon which is activated by a combination of H3PO4 reagent 2 M - NH4HCO3 reagent 2 M and reagent H3PO4 reagent 2.5 M - reagent NH4HCO3 reagent 2.5 M have the best iodine. Activated carbon is activated using H3PO4 reagent 2 M - NH4HCO3 reagent 2 M containing 7.5% water content; ash content of 9,0%; volatile matter content of 43.3%, 40.2% fixed carbon, iodine 1238.544 mg/g. While activated carbon which is activated using H3PO4reagent 2.5 M - NH4HCO3 reagent 2.5 M contain 7.4% water content; ash content is about 10%; volatile matter content is 39.1%, fixed carbon is 43.5%, iodine 1238.544 mg/g, surface area 86.213 m2/g, and pore volume 0.0733 cc/g. Keywords: perf activation; coal; bituminous; H3PO4; NH4HCO3; active carbon Abstrak Batubara bituminus mempunyai potensi bagus untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi karbon aktif karena mempunyai kandungan karbon yang cukup tinggi, yaitu antara 54-86%. Tujuan penelitian adalah memperoleh data kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat terbang, fixed carbon, daya serap terhadap iodium (bilangan iodin), luas permukaan, dan volume pori karbon aktif. Tujuan lainnya adalah mempelajari pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi reagen H3PO4 dan NH4HCO3 terhadap karakteristik karbon aktif. Penelitian dilakukan dalam enam tahap : 1) karbonisasi; 2) aktivasi secara kimia; 3) penetralan;; 4) penyaringan; 5) aktivasi secara fisika; 6) pendinginan. Pembaharuan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan kombinasi reagen H3PO4-NH4HCO3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif yang diaktivasi dengan kombinasi reagen H3PO4 2 M - NH4HCO3 2 M dan H3PO4 2,5 M - NH4HCO3 2,5 M mempunyai bilangan iodin terbaik. Karbon aktif yang diaktivasi menggunakan reagen H3PO4 2 M - NH4HCO3 2 M mengandung kadar air 7,5%, kadar abu 9,0%, kadar zat terbang 43,3%, fixed carbon 40,2%, bilangan iodin 1238,544 mg/g. Sedangkan karbon aktif yang diaktivasi menggunakan reagen H3PO4 2,5 M - NH4HCO3 2,5 M mengandung kadar air 7,4%, kadar abu 10%, kadar zat terbang 39,1%, fixed carbon 43,5%, bilangan iodin 1238,544 mg/g, luas permukaan 86,213 m2/g, dan volume pori 0,0733 cc/g. Kata kunci: aktivasi; batubara; bituminus; H3PO4; NH4HCO3; karbon aktif

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