scholarly journals Effects of hypoxia on the mRNA expressions of TRAILmediated cell death related genes in hypoxia-tolerant rodent (Nannospalax nehringi) and some characteristics of these proteins

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-53
Author(s):  
Barış Yıldız ◽  
Nadide Kamiloğlu ◽  
Cem Öziç ◽  
Yüksel Coşkun
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Hypoxia Group ◽  
The Brain

The aim of the present study was to determine the mRNA expression profiles of TRAILmediated cell death related genes of the hypoxia-tolerant rodent Nannospalax nehringi under hypoxia. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of these genes were identified. Captured Nannospalax nehringi were randomly divided into normoxia and hypoxia groups. The hypoxia group was exposed to a 7% O2 + 93% N2 gas mixture for 52 h, while animals in the normoxia group were housed under normoxic conditions. Total RNAs were isolated from brain and lung tissues. The cIAP-1, cIAP-2, XIAP, DcR1, DcR2, FLIP and OPG genes were PCR amplified, and the cIAP-1, cIAP-2, XIAP, OPG, TRAIL and FLIP genes were sequenced. Sequenced genes were translated into amino acid sequences and compared with reliable sequences of closely similar species. The genes in the brain were regulated for protection against hypoxia; however, the genes in the lung were regulated differently. Many mutations and insertions were observed on the conserved regions of the cIAP-1, cIAP-2, XIAP, OPG and TRAIL genes in N. nehringi. We propose that these gene mutations and insertions contribute to the anti-hypoxic properties of N. nehringi.

scholarly journals Clonal hematopoiesis in adult pure red cell aplasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohito Fujishima ◽  
Junki Kohmaru ◽  
Souichi Koyota ◽  
Keiji Kuba ◽  
Tomoo Saga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Pure Red Cell Aplasia ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Clonal Hematopoiesis ◽  
Red Cell Aplasia ◽  
Myeloid Neoplasm ◽  
Immune Mediated

AbstractIdiopathic pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and secondary PRCA associated with thymoma and large granular lymphocyte leukemia are generally considered to be immune-mediated. The PRCA2004/2006 study showed that poor responses to immunosuppression and anemia relapse were associated with death. PRCA may represent the prodrome to MDS. Thus, clonal hematopoiesis may be responsible for treatment failure. We investigated gene mutations in myeloid neoplasm-associated genes in acquired PRCA. We identified 21 mutations affecting amino acid sequences in 11 of the 38 adult PRCA patients (28.9%) using stringent filtering of the error-prone sequences and SNPs. Four PRCA patients showed 7 driver mutations in TET2, DNMT3A and KDM6A, and 2 PRCA patients carried multiple mutations in TET2. Five PRCA patients had mutations with high VAFs exceeding 0.3. These results suggest that clonal hematopoiesis by stem/progenitor cells might be related to the pathophysiology of chronic PRCA in certain adult patients.

scholarly journals Gcorn fungi: A Web Tool for Detecting Biases between Gene Evolution and Speciation in Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Taiga Kawachi ◽  
Yuta Inuki ◽  
Yoshiyuki Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Evolution ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Web Tool ◽  
Homologous Genes ◽  
Open Access Database ◽  
Fungal Genes

(1) Background: Fungi contain several millions of species, and the diversification of fungal genes has been achieved by speciation, gene duplication, and horizontal gene transfer. Although several databases provide information on orthologous and paralogous events, these databases show no information on biases between gene mutation and speciation. Here, we designed the Gcorn fungi database to better understand such biases. (2) Methods: Amino acid sequences of fungal genes in 249 species, which contain 2,345,743 sequences, were used for this database. Homologous genes were grouped at various thresholds of the homology index, which was based on the percentages of gene mutations. By grouping genes that showed highly similar homology indices to each other, we showed functional and evolutionary traits in the phylogenetic tree depicted for the gene of interest. (3) Results: Gcorn fungi provides well-summarized information on the evolution of a gene lineage and on the biases between gene evolution and speciation, which are quantitatively identified by the Robinson–Foulds metric. The database helps users visualize these traits using various depictions. (4) Conclusions: Gcorn fungi is an open access database that provides a variety of information with which to understand gene function and evolution.

scholarly journals BC-Box Motif in SOCS6 Induces Differentiation of Epidermal Stem Cells into GABAnergic Neurons

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4947
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Yoshizumi ◽  
Atsuhiko Kubo ◽  
Hidetoshi Murata ◽  
Masamichi Shinonaga ◽  
Hiroshi Kanno
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Socs Proteins ◽  
The Brain

The BC-box motif in suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6) promotes the neuronal differentiation of somatic stem cells, including epidermal stem cells. SOCS6 protein belongs to the group of SOCS proteins and inhibits cytokine signaling. Here we showed that epidermal stem cells were induced to differentiate into GABAnergic neurons by the intracellular delivery of a peptide composed of the amino-acid sequences encoded by the BC-box motif in SOCS6 protein. The BC-box motif (SLQYLCRFVI) in SOCS6 corresponded to the binding site of elongin BC. GABAnergic differentiation mediated by the BC-box motif in SOCS6 protein was caused by ubiquitination of JAK2 and inhibition of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. Furthermore, GABAnergic neuron-like cells generated from epidermal stem cells were transplanted into the brain of a rodent ischemic model. Then, we demonstrated that these transplanted cells were GAD positive and that the cognitive function of the ischemic model rodents with the transplanted cells was improved. This study could contribute to not only elucidating the mechanism of GABAnergic neuronal differentiation but also to neuronal regenerative medicine utilizing GABAnergic neurons.

scholarly journals Identification of a High-Affinity Phosphate Transporter Gene in a Prasinophyte Alga, Tetraselmis chui, and Its Expression under Nutrient Limitation

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 754-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Ching Chung ◽  
Sheng-Ping L. Hwang ◽  
Jeng Chang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Phosphate Transporter ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Total Rna ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Tetraselmis Chui

ABSTRACT A high-affinity phosphate transporter gene, TcPHO, was isolated from a growth-dependent subtracted cDNA library of the marine unicellular alga Tetraselmis chui. The full-length cDNA of TcPHO obtained by 5′ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends was 1,993 bp long and encoded an open reading frame consisting of 610 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of TcPHO exhibited 51.6 and 49.8% similarity to the amino acid sequences of PHO89 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and PHO4 from Neurospora crassa, respectively. In addition, hydrophobicity and secondary structure analyses revealed 12 conserved transmembrane domains that were the same as those found in PHO89 and PHO4. The expression of TcPHO mRNA was dependent on phosphate availability. With a low-phosphate treatment, the TcPHO mRNA concentration increased sharply to 2.72 fmol μg of total RNA−1 from day 1 to day 2 and remained at this high level from days 2 to 4. Furthermore, rescue treatment with either phosphate or p-nitrophenyl phosphate effectively inhibited TcPHO mRNA expression. In contrast, TcPHO mRNA expression stayed at a low level (range, 0.25 to 0.28 fmol μg of total RNA−1) under low-nitrate conditions. The expression pattern suggests that TcPHO can be used as a molecular probe for monitoring phosphorus stress in T. chui.

scholarly journals Prion protein gene polymorphisms in natural goat scrapie

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalambos Billinis ◽  
Cynthia H. Panagiotidis ◽  
Vassilios Psychas ◽  
Stamatis Argyroudis ◽  
Anna Nicolaou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Prion Protein ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Prion Protein Gene ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Histopathological Lesions ◽  
The Brain

A total of 51 goats, including seven clinical cases, from the first herd in Greece reported to have scrapie was examined to discern an association between scrapie susceptibility and polymorphisms of the gene encoding the prion protein (PrP). Each animal was evaluated for clinical signs of the disease, histopathological lesions associated with scrapie, the presence of detectable protease-resistant PrP in the brain and PrP genotype. Eleven different PrP genotypes encoding at least five unique predicted mature PrP amino acid sequences were found. These genotypes included the amino acid polymorphisms at codons 143 (H→R) and 240 (S→P) and ‘silent’ nucleotide alterations at codons 42 (a→g) and 138 (c→t). Additionally, novel caprine amino acid polymorphisms were detected at codons 21 (V→A), 23 (L→P), 49 (G→S), 154 (R→H), 168 (P→Q) and 220 (Q→H) and new silent mutations were found at codons 107 (g→a) and 207 (g→a). The following variants were found in scrapie-affected goats: VV21, LL23, GG49, SS49, HH143, HR143, RR154, PP168, PP240, SP240 and SS240. All scrapie-affected animals carried the HH143RR154 genotype, with the exception of two goats (HR143), both of which had detectable protease-resistant PrP but showed no clinical signs or histopathological lesions characteristic of scrapie.

scholarly journals Osmoregulation of glutamine synthetase from Giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) under osmotic stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Lu ◽  
Zhendong Qin ◽  
V Sarath Babu ◽  
Chengkai Ye ◽  
Guomao Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Key Enzyme

AbstractGlutamine synthetase is a key enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of glutamine (Gln) from glutamate and ammonia. Gln a vital amino acid acts as a precursor for protein synthesis and also assist in ammonia repressor and a key osmoregulators in aquatics. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of the GS gene from Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Mr-GS). The complete nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were determined that phylogenetically shared highest identity with other crustaceans. GS mRNA was differentially expressed in 6 different tissues, with high to low order as muscle > gills > heart > stomach > brain > haemolymph. Mr-GS expression and the glutamine concentrations were analyzed in the gills and muscle tissues of prawn under hyper/hypo-osmotic stress conditions. Under hyper-osmotic stress, the mRNA expression of Mr-GS was significantly increased in both gills and muscle at 3, 6 and 12 h post-treatment with 2.54, 4.21 and 10.83 folds, and 11.66, 17.97 and 45.92 folds, respectively. Protein analysis by western blot (WB) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) further confirmed the Mr-GS expression was increased at 12 h post treatment. On the other hand, under hypo-osmotic stress, the mRNA expression of Mr-GS was also significantly increased in both gills and muscle at 3, 6 and 12 h post treatment with 1.63, 3.30 and 3.52 folds, and 4.06, 42.99 and 26.69 folds, respectively. Furthermore, under hyperosmotic stress, Gln concentration was increased in both gills and muscle at 6 and 12 h post treatment with 1.83, 2.02 folds, and 1.41, 1.29 folds, respectively. While, under hypo-osmotic stress, Gln concentration was increased in both gills and muscle at 3, 6 and 12 h post treatment with 3.99, 3.40, 2.59 folds, and 1.72, 1.83, 1.80 folds, respectively. Taken together, these results suggest that Mr-GS might play a key role in osmoregulation in M. rosenbergii.

scholarly journals A Cluster of Four Receptor-Like Genes Resides in the Vf Locus That Confers Resistance to Apple Scab Disease

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 1995-2006
Author(s):  
Mingliang Xu ◽  
Schuyler S Korban
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Bac Contig ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Rapid Amplification ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeats ◽  
High Degree

Abstract The Vf locus, derived from the crabapple species Malus floribunda 821, confers resistance to five races of the fungal pathogen Venturia inaequalis, the causal agent of apple scab disease. In our previous research, the Vf locus was restricted to a BAC contig of ∼290 kb covered by five overlapping BAC clones. Here, we report on cloning of the resistance gene(s) present in the Vf BAC contig using a highly reliable and straightforward approach. This approach relies on hybridization of labeled cDNAs to amplified inserts of subclones derived from BAC inserts, followed by recovery of full-size transcripts by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). A cluster of four resistance paralogs (Vfa1, Vfa2, Vfa3, and Vfa4) was identified in the Vf locus. Vfa1, Vfa2 and Vfa4 had no introns and are predicted to encode proteins characterized with extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and transmembrane (TM) domains. However, Vfa3 contains an insertion of 780 bp at the end of the LRR motif, resulting in multiple truncated transcripts. Comparison of Vfa1, Vfa2, and Vfa4 paralogs revealed a high degree of overall homology in their deduced amino acid sequences, while divergences were mainly restricted within LRR domains, including variable LRR units, numerous amino acid substitutions, and several residue deletions/duplications. Differential expression profiles among the four paralogs were observed during leaf development. Vfa1, Vfa2, and Vfa3 were active in immature leaves, but slightly expressed in mature leaves, while Vfa4 was active in immature leaves and was highly expressed in mature leaves.

Immunoelectron microscope detection of C-type natriuretic peptide in normal human atrial tissue

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
Chi-Ming Wei ◽  
Margaret Hukee ◽  
Christopher G.A. McGregor ◽  
John C. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Peptide ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
The Brain

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a newly identified peptide that is structurally related to atrial (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). CNP exists as a 22-amino acid peptide and like ANP and BNP has a 17-amino acid ring formed by a disulfide bond. Unlike these two previously identified cardiac peptides, CNP lacks the COOH-terminal amino acid extension from the ring structure. ANP, BNP and CNP decrease cardiac preload, but unlike ANP and BNP, CNP is not natriuretic. While ANP and BNP have been localized to the heart, recent investigations have failed to detect CNP mRNA in the myocardium although small concentrations of CNP are detectable in the porcine myocardium. While originally localized to the brain, recent investigations have localized CNP to endothelial cells consistent with a paracrine role for CNP in the control of vascular tone. While CNP has been detected in cardiac tissue by radioimmunoassay, no studies have demonstrated CNP localization in normal human heart by immunoelectron microscopy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document