scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical responses of young olive trees (Olea europaea L.) to water stress during flowering

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamani El ◽  
El Sakar ◽  
Abdelali Boussakouran ◽  
Yahia Rharrabti
Keyword(s):  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Olea Europaea L ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Olea Europaéa

This study examines physiological and biochemical changes in three Moroccan varieties of young olive trees (Olea europaea L.) grown under three different water regimes (control, moderate stress and severe stress). Leaf relative water content (RWC), water potential (yw), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), the contents of total chlorophyll (TCC), proline (ProC) and soluble sugars (SSC) were measured at the flowering stage during three growing seasons (2015, 2016 and 2017). ANOVA analyses showed that the effect of the water regime was predominant in all of the examined parameters, except for Fv/Fm, which was under the effect of both water regime and growing season. Impacts of variety and interactions were of lesser magnitude. Water deficit reduced E, yw and gs by 25%, while its effect on RWC and Fv/Fm was a decrease of about 7%; however, increases in SSC and ProC were more than 10%. Among the growing seasons, 2015 flowering displayed the lowest values for RWC, yw, E, gs, TCC and Fv/Fm, and the highest for ProC and SSC. Among plant varieties, no significant differences were observed. The three principal component (PC) axes accounted for 91% of total variance. PC1 was better explained by the water regime, while the growing season fitted PC3 variability. Correlation studies highlighted significant associations between most parameters. Positive relationships were found between RWC, yw, E, gs, Fv/Fm and TCC, while all of these parameters were negatively linked to ProC and SSC.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN FRUIT YIELD AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS PARAMETERS IN DIFFERENT OLIVE CULTIVARS (Olea europaea L.) UNDER CON-TRASTING WATER REGIMES

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Majid Golmohammadi ◽  
Omid Sofalian ◽  
Mehdi Taheri ◽  
Alireza Ghanbari ◽  
Valiollah Rasoli
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Olive Cultivar ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Olea Europaea L ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Olea Europaéa

The evergreen tree olive (Olea europaea L.) is the only species of the genus Olea that produces edible fruits with high ecological and economic value. This tree species has developed a series of physiochemical mechanisms to tolerate drought stress and grow under adverse climatic environments. One of these mechanisms is photosynthesis activities, so that as yet little information achieved about the relations between olive production and photosynthetic parameters under drought conditions. An experiment was carried out during two consecutive years (2015–2017) to study the response of 20 different olive tree cultivars (Olea europaea L.) to drought stress. Several parameters like net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (GS), transpiration rate (TE), photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid) and fruit yield were measured. The results of combined analysis of variance for fruit yield and other measured traits showed that year, drought treatment, cultivar main effects and their interactions were highly significant. The results indicated that drought stress reduced all traits, however GS (42.80%), PN (37.21%) and TE (37.17%) significantly affected by drought. Lower reduction in photosynthetic performance (PN, GS and TE) in the cultivar T7 compared to other olive cultivars allowed them to maintain better fruit yield. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified two PCs that accounted for 82.04 and 83.27% of the total variation in photosynthetic parameters under optimal and drought stress conditions, respectively. Taken together, mean comparison, relative changes due to drought and biplot analysis revealed that cultivars ‘T7’, ‘Roghani’, ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Korfolia’ and ‘Abou-satl’ displayed better response against drought stress. According to our results, one olive cultivar namely ‘T7’, could be used in olive breeding programs to improve new high yielding cultivars with drought tolerance for use in the drought-prone environments.

Early water stress detection on olive trees (Olea europaea L. cvs ‘chemlali’ and ‘Chetoui’) using the leaf patch clamp pressure probe

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feten Aissaoui ◽  
Hechmi Chehab ◽  
Besma Bader ◽  
Angham Ben Salem ◽  
Naouraz M’barki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Patch Clamp ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Pressure Probe ◽  
Stress Detection ◽  
Olea Europaea L ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Effect of prolonged vegetative reproduction of olive tree cultivars (Olea europaea L.) in mitochondrial homoplasmy and heteroplasmy

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel García-Díaz ◽  
Ricardo Oya ◽  
Antonio Sánchez ◽  
Francisco Luque
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Intergenic Spacer Region ◽  
Olea Europaea L ◽  
Chloroplast Genomes ◽  
Mitochondrial Region ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Olea Europaéa

The inheritance of mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes does not follow Mendelian laws, but proceeds by vegetative segregation. Most organisms show organelle homoplasmy, which is probably produced and maintained during sexual reproduction. We have tested the effect of prolonged vegetative multiplication in the maintenance of mitochondrial homoplasmy and the generation of heteroplasmy in cultivated olive trees, Olea europaea L. Seven trees, each representing a different variety of olive, were analysed by the study of an intergenic spacer region of the mitochondrial genome. A very high level of heteroplasmy was detected in all cases. We found multiple genome variants of the sequence analysed. The frequency of genomes with no changes in the spacer region was 11.5%. This means that 88.5% of genomes contain at least one change. The same spacer mitochondrial region was sequenced in several clones from four olive trees of a second generation of sexually reproduced trees. In these trees, many clones were identical and had no changes, which represents a clear reduction of the heteroplasmy (p < 0.001). Therefore, this work supports the relevance of the role of sexual reproduction in the maintenance of mitochondrial homoplasmy and also shows that mutations accumulate in a non-coding sequence of the mitochondrial genome when vegetative propagation is maintained for a long period of time.Key words: mitochondrial genome, homoplasmy, heteroplasmy, olive trees, vegetative reproduction, sexual reproduction.

Effects of the planting density on water relations and production of ‘Chemlali’ olive trees (Olea europaea L.)

Trees ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Guerfel ◽  
Youssef Ouni ◽  
Dalenda Boujnah ◽  
Mokhtar Zarrouk
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Olea Europaea L ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Olea Europaéa

DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES INDUCE CHANGES IN VESSEL SIZE IN OLIVE TREES (OLEA EUROPAEA L.) FROM SOUTHERN ITALY

2014 ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rossi ◽  
L. Sebastiani ◽  
R. d'Andria ◽  
G. Morelli ◽  
R. Tognetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Vessel Size ◽  
Olea Europaea L ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Olea Europaéa
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