scholarly journals Maize seedling performance as a potential index for drought tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Natalija Kravic ◽  
Sukalovic Hadzi-Taskovic ◽  
Vojka Babic ◽  
Jelena Srdic ◽  
Jelena Mesarovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Seedling ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Adult Plants

Twenty-six maize landraces were tested in order to evaluate maize seedling performance as an index for drought tolerance in adult plants. Samples were subjected to polyethylene glycol-induced osmotic stress at the early seedling stage. Grain yield was obtained in field experiments under well-watered (OC) and a combination of drought and high plant density (HD) conditions. Osmotic stress caused a reduction in seedling growth (length, fresh and dry weight), and increase in the shoot and in particular the root proline contents in the majority of landraces, and variations in root peroxidase (POD) activity. Genotypes displaying more pronounced root growth reduction and higher proline contents exhibited decreased POD activity under osmotic stress. Direct positive correlations between the proline content and growth inhibition, and between the proline and soluble protein content were established. Correlations between the changes in POD activity and growth parameters were significant and positive, and significant but negative with the changes in the proline content. In the field, water stress led to a reduction in grain yield in all of the tested landraces. Correlations between grain yield from both experimental sets (OC and HD) and osmotic-induced changes in seedling root growth were negative, which was opposite to the highly significant and positive correlations between the changes in the seedling root proline content and yield. Also, genotypes with the highest seedling root proline content increase under osmotic stress, exhibited the highest stress tolerance index (STI) based on grain yield achieved under both field conditions. Our results indicate that lower changes in POD activity and especially an increased proline content after exposure to osmotic stress during the early seedling stage could be considered as useful indices to facilitate selection efficiency for drought tolerance in adult plants.

scholarly journals Systematic Analysis of the Maize OSCA Genes Revealing ZmOSCA Family Members Involved in Osmotic Stress and ZmOSCA2.4 Confers Enhanced Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Liru Cao ◽  
Pengyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaomin Lu ◽  
Guorui Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Protein Domain ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Positive Correlations

OSCAs are hyperosmolality-gated calcium-permeable channel proteins. In this study, two co-expression modules, which are strongly associated with maize proline content, were screened by weighted correlation network analysis, including three ZmOSCA family members. Phylogenetic and protein domain analyses revealed that 12 ZmOSCA members were classified into four classes, which all contained DUF221 domain. The promoter region contained multiple core elements responsive to abiotic stresses and hormones. Colinear analysis revealed that ZmOSCAs had diversified prior to maize divergence. Most ZmOSCAs responded positively to ABA, PEG, and NaCl treatments. ZmOSCA2.3 and ZmOSCA2.4 were up-regulated by more than 200-fold under the three stresses, and showed significant positive correlations with proline content. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation indicated that ZmOSCA2.3 and ZmOSCA2.4 proteins interacted with ZmEREB198. Over-expression of ZmOSCA2.4 in Arabidopsis remarkably improved drought resistance. Moreover, over-expression of ZmOSCA2.4 enhanced the expression of drought tolerance-associated genes and reduced the expression of senescence-associated genes. We also found that perhaps ZmOSCA2.4 was regulated by miR5054.The results provide a high-quality molecular resource for selecting resistant breeding, and lay a foundation for elucidating regulatory mechanism of ZmOSCA under abiotic stresses.

Population differentiation for germination and early seedling root growth traits under saline conditions in the annual legumeMedicago truncatula(Fabaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilde A. Cordeiro ◽  
Ken S. Moriuchi ◽  
Tonya D. Fotinos ◽  
Kelsey E. Miller ◽  
Sergey V. Nuzhdin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Early Seedling

scholarly journals Evaluation of Early Seedling, Root and Grain Yield Components of Spring Wheat Genotypes in Two Sowing Dates

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
Ankit Ojha ◽  
Madhav Prasad Pan ◽  
Dhruba Bahadur Th ◽  
Bishnu Raj Ojha ◽  
Raju Kharel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Grain Yield Components

scholarly journals Effect of Water Stress on Grain Yield and Physiological Characters of Quinoa Genotypes

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sohail Saddiq ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Hafeez ◽  
Shahbaz Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Climate change scenarios predict that an extended period of drought is a real threat to food security, emphasizing the need for new crops that tolerate these conditions. Quinoa is the best option because it has the potential to grow under water deficit conditions. There is considerable variation in drought tolerance in quinoa genotypes, and the selection of drought-tolerant quinoa germplasms is of great interest. The main goal of this work is to evaluate the crop yield and characterize the physiology of 20 quinoa genotypes grown under water deficit in a wirehouse. The experiment was a complete randomized design (CRD) factorial with three replications. Seedling growth, i.e., fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), relative growth rate of root length (RGR-RL), shoot length (RGR-SL), and physiological performance, i.e., chlorophyll content (a and b), carotenoid, leaf phenolic content, leaf proline content, membrane stability index (MSI), and leaf K+ accumulation were evaluated in a hydroponic culture under different water-deficit levels developed by PEG 6000 doses (w/v) of 0% (control), 0.3%, and 0.6%. Yield attributes were evaluated in a pot at three different soil moisture levels, as determined by soil gravimetric water holding capacity (WHC) of 100 (control), 50% WHC (50 % drought stress) and 25% WHC (75% stress). In both experiments, under the water stress condition, the growth (hydroponic study) and yield traits (pot study) were significantly reduced compared to control treatments. On the drought tolerance index (DTI) based on seed yield, genotype 16 followed by 10, 1, 4, 5, 7, and 12 could be considered drought-tolerant genotypes that produced maximum grain yield and improved physiological characteristics under severe water stress conditions in hydroponic culture. In both studies, genotypes 3, 8, 13, and 20 performed poorly and were considered drought-sensitive genotypes with the lowest DTI values under water-stressed conditions. All the studied agronomic traits (grain yield, root and shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weights) and physiological traits (leaf phenolic, proline content, carotenoid, K+ accumulation, membrane stability index, and relative water content) were firmly inter-correlated and strongly correlated with DTI. They can be regarded as screening criteria, employing a large set of quinoa genotypes in a breeding program.

scholarly journals The relationships between seedling root screens, root growth in the field and grain yield for wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 440 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bai ◽  
Y. Ge ◽  
R. W. Ashton ◽  
J. Evans ◽  
A. Milne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seedling Root

Root growth and proline content in drought sensitive and tolerant maize (Zea maysL.) seedlings under different water potentials

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Sánchez-Urdaneta ◽  
Cecilia Peña-Valdivia ◽  
Carlos Trejo ◽  
J. Aguirre R. ◽  
Elizabeth Cárdenas S.
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Water Potentials
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