scholarly journals Synergistic effects of Salvia officinalis L. essential oils and antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 949-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Milenkovic ◽  
Dragana Bozic ◽  
Violeta Slavkovska ◽  
Branislava Lakusic
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) due to the acquisition of resistance to current antimicrobials pose a serious challenge for therapy, and new measures to treat and prevent this infectious pathogen are of crucial importance. Plant essential oils (EOs) and their constituents are promising agents with antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antistaphylococcal effect of essential oils from Salvia officinalis using the broth-microdilution method. Essential oils of S. officinalis were isolated from the same individual, but at different life stages - young and old leaves. The effects of combinations of sub-inhibitory concentrations of oil and different antibiotics were evaluated by the checkerboard method. The results, expressed as the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) and index (FICI), indicate that the essential oil isolated from young leaves potentiated the inhibitory effect of antibiotics against tested MRSA strains.

scholarly journals Biofilm Inhibition and Eradication Properties of Medicinal Plant Essential Oils against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Fethi Ben Abdallah ◽  
Rihab Lagha ◽  
Ahmed Gaber
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that poses a high risk to patients due to the development of biofilm. Biofilms, are complex biological systems difficult to treat by conventional antibiotic therapy, which contributes to >80% of humans infections. In this report, we examined the antibacterial activity of Origanum majorana, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Thymus zygis medicinal plant essential oils against MRSA clinical isolates using disc diffusion and MIC methods. Moreover, biofilm inhibition and eradication activities of oils were evaluated by crystal violet. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis revealed variations between oils in terms of component numbers in addition to their percentages. Antibacterial activity testing showed a strong effect of these oils against MRSA isolates, and T. zygis had the highest activity succeeded by O. majorana and R. officinalis. Investigated oils demonstrated high biofilm inhibition and eradication actions, with the percentage of inhibition ranging from 10.20 to 95.91%, and the percentage of eradication ranging from 12.65 to 98.01%. O. majorana oil had the highest biofilm inhibition and eradication activities. Accordingly, oils revealed powerful antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against MRSA isolates and could be a good alternative for antibiotics substitution.

scholarly journals A Molecular Insight into the Synergistic Mechanism of Nigella sativa (Black Cumin) with β-Lactam Antibiotics against Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3206
Author(s):  
Lorina I. Badger-Emeka ◽  
Promise Madu Emeka ◽  
Hairul Islam M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Insight Into

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is detrimental to hospitalized patients. With diminishing choices of antibiotics and the worry about resistance to colistin in synergistic combined therapy, there are suggestions for the use of herbal derivatives. This investigation evaluated the synergistic effects of Nigella sativa (NS) in combination with beta-lactam (β-lactam) antibiotics on extreme drug-resistant (XDR) MRSA isolates. NS concentrations of 10, 7.5, 5.0, 2.5, 1.0, and 0.1 µg/mL, alone and in combination with β-lactam antibiotics, were used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of MRSA isolates by the well diffusion method. Time–kill assays were performed using a spectrophotometer, with time–kill curves plotted and synergism ascertained by the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to gain insight into the mechanism of action of treated groups. Isolates were inhibited by the NS concentrations, with differences in the zones of inhibition being statistically insignificant at p < 0.05. There were statistically significant differences in the time–kill assay for the MRSA isolates. In addition, NS combined with augmentin showed better killing than oxacillin and cefuroxime. The mechanism of action shown by the SEM and TEM results revealed cell wall disruption, which probably created interference that led to bacterial lysis.

scholarly journals Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Exhibits Synergy with Conventional Antibiotic against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2752
Author(s):  
Shu Wang ◽  
Ok-Hwa Kang ◽  
Dong-Yeul Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kill Curve ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Time Kill

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen worldwide and has acquired multiple resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. Hence, there is a pressing need to explore novel strategies to overcome the increase in antimicrobial resistance. The present study aims to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of plant-derived antimicrobials, trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) in decreasing MRSA’s resistance to eight conventional antibiotics. A checkerboard dilution test and time–kill curve assay are used to determine the synergistic effects of TCA combined with the antibiotics. The results indicated that TCA increased the antibacterial activity of the antibiotics by 2-16-fold. To study the mechanism of the synergism, we analyzed the mecA transcription gene and the penicillin-binding protein 2a level of MRSA treated with TCA by quantitative RT-PCR or Western blot assay. The gene transcription and the protein level were significantly inhibited. Additionally, it was verified that TCA can significantly inhibit the biofilm, which is highly resistant to antibiotics. The expression of the biofilm regulatory gene hld of MRSA after TCA treatment was also significantly downregulated. These findings suggest that TCA maybe is an exceptionally potent modulator of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity of (+)-Tanikolide- and (+)-Malyngolide-Based Analogues Prepared by Asymmetric Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6400
Author(s):  
Joseph Breheny ◽  
Cian Kingston ◽  
Robert Doran ◽  
Joao Anes ◽  
Marta Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Alkyl Side Chain ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Herein, we report antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of a series of previously prepared (+)-tanikolide analogues. One analogue, (4S,6S)-4-methyltanikolide, displayed promising anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity with a MIC of 12.5 µg/mL. Based on the antimicrobial properties of the structurally related (−)-malyngolide, two further analogues (4S,6S)-4-methylmalyngolide and (4R,6S)-4-methylmalyngolide bearing a shortened n-nonyl alkyl side chain were prepared in the present study using a ZrCl4-catalysed deprotection/cyclisation as the key step in their asymmetric synthesis. When these were tested for activity against anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the MIC increased to 50 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Anti-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity of an acetone extract from the leaves of Canarium odontophyllum (Miq.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Nur Amira Mohd Shamsuddin ◽  
◽  
Dayang Fredalina Basri ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Bacteriostatic Action ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Canarium Odontophyllum ◽  
Time Kill

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a global health concern that has caused nosocomial and community infections over the past decade. The emergence of multi-drug resistant strains and limitations of present antimicrobial drugs have led to continuous search for natural products as curative agents for MRSA infections. Canarium odontophyllum Miq., locally known as dabai, has been considered an alternative phytotherapeutic treatment for MRSA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacteriostatic activity of an acetone extract from C. odontophyllum leaves against MRSA. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extract against the ATCC 33591 and Mu50 strains were determined using the broth microdilution method, and a time-kill assay was employed to assess the type of bacteriostatic action of the extract against the Mu50 strain only. The MIC and MBC values of the extract against Mu50 were 312.5 µg/ml and 625 µg/ml, respectively, whereas the MIC and MBC values for ATCC 33591 were 625 µg/ml and 1,250 µg/ml, respectively, confirming the bacteriostatic effect against both MRSA strains. A time-kill assay showed that the acetone extract of C. odontophyllum leaves exhibited concentrationdependent bacteriostatic action against the Mu50 strain at 1/2× MIC, 1× MIC and 2× MIC. However, the extract was bactericidal only at the highest concentration (4× MIC) with a reduction in cell viability of more than 3 log10 within 24 hours. These findings confirm that an acetone extract from C. odontophyllum leaves inhibited growth of MRSA at low concentration and could be utilised as an alternative anti-MRSA agent in immune uncompromised hosts

Essential oils from unexplored aromatic plants quench biofilm formation and virulence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durairajan Rubini ◽  
Sanaulla Farisa Banu ◽  
Prakash Nisha ◽  
Ramar Murugan ◽  
Subbiah Thamotharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Methicillin Resistant
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