scholarly journals Neonatal herpes in Serbia: Is it a problem or not?

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-521
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Knezevic ◽  
Jelena Martic ◽  
Maja Stanojevic ◽  
B. Jankovic ◽  
Tanja Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Herpes ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Disseminated Disease

With 20-80% mortality, neonatal infection caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) or neonatal herpes is among the most severe of all perinatal infections. The majority of neonatal HSV infections are acquired during delivery, although in utero and postnatal infections do occur. Primary maternal infection is associated with a high rate of transmission (~50%), compared to <3% in infants of women with reactivated disease. Other factors that influence transmission include HSV type, premature delivery, etc. Clinical manifestations have been classified into three forms: skin-eye-mouth disease, CNS and disseminated disease. The diagnosis of neonatal HSV infection includes the detection of HSV DNA by PCR in samples from neonate and mother. The incidence of neonatal herpes differs widely between different countries. In Serbia, the data about neonatal herpes incidence are scarce. The results of our pilot study showed that the minimal estimation of the national incidence of neonatal herpes is 7.5 per 100 000. Therefore, the set up and implementation of a national neonatal herpes surveillance system might provide valuable information for the accurate assessment of disease burden and development of an effective prevention strategy in Serbia.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection from the Placenta

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Amanda E. Smith ◽  
Amy McKenney ◽  
Laura Rabinowitz ◽  
Anirudha Das
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Neonatal Herpes ◽  
Fetal Demise ◽  
First Case ◽  
Simplex Infection ◽  
Neonatal Herpes Simplex ◽  
Simplex Virus

Due to a high rate of fetal demise and premature birth in intrauterine HSV infection, the outcome in neonates is usually adverse. A female preterm infant with a gestational age of 25 1/7 weeks with expected early clinical course tested positive for neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) 2 after the neonatologist was informed of positive immunohistochemistry for the virus on the fifth day of life by the pathologist. Pathological examination of the placenta had revealed subacute necrotizing inflammation with stromal cell necrosis suggestive of intrauterine infection, possibly ascending due to prolonged rupture of membranes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case wherein placental pathology indicated exposure to HSV in utero before the infant presented with signs or symptoms of neonatal HSV resulting in a favorable outcome for the infant. Due to the variability of presentation of intrauterine HSV infection, pathological examination of the placenta in the first 2–5 days of life in premature infants can provide clues to the diagnosis of neonatal HSV which may significantly impact the outcome.

scholarly journals Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Neonatal Herpes ◽  
Cns Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Simplex Infection ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neonatal Herpes Simplex ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Disseminated Disease

SUMMARY Tremendous advances have occurred over the past 30 years in the diagnosis and management of neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) disease. Mortality in patients with disseminated disease has decreased from 85 to 29%, and that in patients with central nervous system (CNS) disease has decreased from 50 to 4%. Morbidity has been improved more modestly: the proportion of patients with disseminated disease who are developing normally at 1 year has increased from 50 to 83%. While the proportion of patients with neurologic morbidity following CNS disease has remained essentially unchanged over the past three decades, the total number of patients who are developing normally following HSV CNS disease has increased due to the improved survival. Although additional therapeutic advances in the future are possible, more immediate methods for further improvements in outcome for patients with this potentially devastating disease lie in an enhanced awareness of neonatal HSV infection and disease. A thorough understanding of the biology and natural history of HSV in the gravid woman and the neonate provides the basis for such an index of suspicion and is provided in this article.

scholarly journals Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Straface ◽  
Alessia Selmin ◽  
Vincenzo Zanardo ◽  
Marco De Santis ◽  
Alfredo Ercoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Neonatal Herpes ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Neonatal Herpes Simplex ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
In Pregnancy

Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases. The purpose of this paper is to provide recommendations on management of herpes simplex infections in pregnancy and strategies to prevent transmission from mother to fetus.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of three coinfections: HIV, viral hepatitis and tuberculosis in the Vologda region as a model of infection development in the northwestern federal district

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Kurganova ◽  
T. N. Melnikova ◽  
N. Yu. Kovalev ◽  
S. V. Ogurtsova ◽  
O. E. Simakina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Federal District ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Vologda Region ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Northwest Region

Purpose. To assess epidemiological situation of three co-infections: HIV, CVH and tuberculosis in Vologda region in comparison with neighboring territories of Northwest region.Materials and methods. The data of epidemiological study of the area of HIV infection, reports on «Causes of mortality of HIVinfected », data of statistic surveys: form No. 61 «Data on HIV-infected», form No. 33 «Data on infected with tuberculosis», form No. 8 «Data on infected with active tuberculosis», form No. 1 «Personal record of patient suffered from tuberculosis coinfected with HIV-infection» in Vologda region and some of its districts as well as materials of Northwestern Federal District within the Regional HIV were studied.Results and discussion. Within the territory of Vologda region, earlier marked out tendency to increasing and spread of HIVinfection as well as tendency to reducing the disease burden of tuberculosis and hepatitis C virus still persist. This tendency is typical for northwest Russia and some of its territories. Co-morbidity is common for pair combination of infections and is less common for three infections in one person. Severe forms of HIV-infection in the course of clinical manifestations in combination with tuberculosis and hepatitis define a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Revealed epidemic regularities of the last years are concurrent with cross-border regions in the East and South from the Northwest.

Water environment conservation in a closed water body by high concentrated oxygen water

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2313-2318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Imai ◽  
Ramida Watanapokasin ◽  
Alissara Reungsang ◽  
Masahiko Sekine ◽  
Takaya Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Closed Water ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Set Up

In this study, the method of using high concentrated oxygen water to purify the bottom sediment was confirmed to be effective. The high concentrated oxygen dissolver was developed and the lab scale experiment was performed. High rate, high efficiency oxygen dissolver was developed, the optimum running condition of the apparatus and the method of producing high concentrated oxygen water was discussed and determined in this study. In addition, the effective prevention of phosphorus release from anaerobic bottom sediment was also studied. As a result, it is found that high concentrated oxygen water was effective for prevention of phosphorus release from anaerobic bottom sediment. On the basis of the fundamental knowledge from the laboratory-scale study, pilot scale apparatus was set up and the pilot study was carried out. It is showed that the introduction of high concentrated oxygen water did not destroy the thermocline of dam reservoir.

Vidarabine Therapy of Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Whitley ◽  
André J. Nahmias ◽  
Seng-Jaw Soong ◽  
George G. Galasso ◽  
Charles L. Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Neonatal Herpes ◽  
Neonatal Herpes Simplex ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Disseminated Disease

Vidarabine (adenine arabinoside) was evaluated for treatment of neonatal herpes simplex virus infection in a randomized controlled study. Of 56 infected newborns, 13 had infection of skin, eye, or mouth only, 16 had localized brain disease (CNS), and 27 had disseminated disease. Both treatment and placebo groups were comparable by disease distribution and for major population characteristics. Because of the severity of CNS and disseminated disease, these groups were combined for mortality assessment. Mortality was significantly reduced in babies with CNS and disseminated disease from 74% to 38% with drug therapy, P = .014. Outcome in babies with disseminated disease alone, although improved, was poor. Death rate was reduced from 85% to 57% with therapy. Only 14% of drug and 8% of placebo recipients were assessed as normal at 1 year of age. Outcome was better with localized CNS disease; mortality was reduced from 50% to 10%. With treatment, 50% of infected newborns were normal and without only 17%. With skin, eye, or mouth infection death did not occur; however, severe sequelae occurred in 38% of placebo and minor sequelae in 25% of drug recipients. No evidence of acute toxicity was identified in this study. Thus, a beneficial effect of vidarabine therapy on neonatal herpes simplex infection is similar to that evident with therapy of herpes simplex encephalitis occurring in older individuals. Nevertheless, improvement in the mode of therapy or the development of more potent antiviral drugs is essential.

Infeksi Herpes Simpleks Dalam Kehamilan

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fauzia Andrini Djojosugito
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Caesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Simplex Virus

Herpes simplex virus is one the most common causes of sexually transmitted diseases. This infection is common inreproductive age women and can cause severe sequealae for fetus and neonates because this virus can be transmittedto the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Infection of Herpes simplex can occurs as first or primary infectionand recurrent infection. Most of the case is asymptomatic. Rarely during intrauterine, the risk of transmission ofmaternal-fetal can be increased during the last trimester of pregnancy and delivery. Based on type of infection,primary or recurrent, performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or caesarean section delivery can decrease the riskof neonatal infection

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