scholarly journals Effect of metabolic transformation of monoterpenes on antimutagenic potential in bacterial tests

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 885-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Nikolic ◽  
Dragana Mitic-Culafic ◽  
Olivera Stajkovic-Srbinovic ◽  
Branka Vukovic-Gacic ◽  
Jelena Knezevic-Vukcevic
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Spontaneous Mutagenesis ◽  
Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimutagenic Effect ◽  
Metabolic Transformation ◽  
S9 Fraction

The effect of metabolic transformation of the monoterpenes Linalool (Lin), Myrcene (Myr) and Eucalyptol (Euc) was evaluated on their antimutagenic potential against t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) and 2-nitropropane (2NP) in E. coli WP2 and in S. typhimurium reversion assays, respectively. Spontaneous mutagenesis was also monitored in both assays. Mammalian metabolic transformation was provided by rat liver microsomes (S9 fraction). None of the monoterpenes was mutagenic, either with or without S9. Results obtained without S9 showed the antimutagenic potential of Lin against t-BOOH, of Myr against both t-BOOH and 2NP, and of Euc against spontaneous and mutagenesis induced with both mutagens. Mammalian enzymes significantly reduced the antimutagenic effect of Lin, completely diminished the antimutagenic effect of Myr, but did not alter the antimutagenic effect of Euc. Considering the results, metabolic transformation by host enzymes could significantly influence antimutagenic potential and should be included in antimutagenicity studies in prokaryotic assays.

Bacterial and mammalian thioredoxin systems activate iodothyronine 5′-deiodination

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun K. Das ◽  
Brian C. W. Hummel ◽  
Florence K. Gleason ◽  
Arne Holmgren ◽  
Paul G. Walfish
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Liver Cytosol ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Thioredoxin System ◽  
Rat Liver Cytosol

The identity of a dithiol (designated DFB) of relative mass (Mr) = 13 000, reported previously to be present infraction B of rat liver cytosol and to participate as a cofactor in the 5′-deiodination of iodothyronines, has been investigated. Substitution of highly purified thioredoxin from Escherichia coli for fraction B or of highly purified thioredoxin reductase from either E. coli or rat liver for cytosolic fraction A (containing DFB reductase) permits deiodination of 3,3′,5′-[l25I]triiodothyronine by rat liver microsomes to proceed. Addition of antibodies to highly purified rat-liver thioredoxin or thioredoxin reductase inhibits deiodination. Thus, the thioredoxin system largely accounts for the activity of the cytosolic cofactor system supporting 5′-deiodination of 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine in rat liver.

Metabolic Analysis of Triptolide Microspheres in Human, Dog, Rabbit and Rat Liver Microsomes with UPLC-MS/MS Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
LiJuan Wang ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
DongXian He
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Measure Concentration ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Variation Of Parameters

Objectives: Triptolide (TPL) has been shown to have a good clinical effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We designed TPL microspheres (TPL-MS) and investigated its metabolic behavior in human, dog, rabbit and rat liver microsomes (HLM, DLM, RLM and SDRLM) with UPLC-MS/MS method. Methods: First, a UPLC-MS/MS method was established to measure concentration of TPL in samples. The sample was separated on a C18 column (2.1×100 mm, 1.8μm) and eluted with a gradient elution. The precursor ion/product ion were m/z 378.1/361.0 for TPL and 260.0/116.2 for the internal standard. Then T1/2, Vmax and CLint were calculated from the above data. Finally, the metabolites of TPL-MS were identified by high-resolution UPLC-MS/MS. The sample was separated on a C18 column (2.1×100 mm, 2.2 μm) and eluted with isocratic elution. Mass spectrometric detection was carried out on a thermo Q-exactive mass spectrometer with HESI. The scanning range of precursor ions was from m/z 50 to m/z 750. Result and Discussion: Through several indicators including standard curve, precision, accuracy, stability, matrix effect and recovery rate, the enzymatic kinetics parameters including T1/2, Vmax and CLint were completed. Several metabolites of TPL-MS were identified. Conclusion: UPLC-MS/MS method is an accurate and sensitive method for determination of TPL in liver microsome samples with good precision, accuracy and stability. The variation of parameters indicated that the microspheres can delay the elimination of TPL in liver microsomes. The metabolism of TPL-MS varied among species, but no new metabolites appeared.

scholarly journals The metabolism of gelsevirine in human, pig, goat and rat liver microsomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua‐Hai Zhang ◽  
Wen‐Jia Yang ◽  
Ya‐Jun Huang ◽  
Wen‐Jing Li ◽  
Shuo‐Xin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes

scholarly journals Detoxification of the tricyclic antidepressant opipramol and its analog – IS-noh by UGT enzymes before and after activation by phase I enzymes in rat liver microsomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Mieszkowska ◽  
Koleta Hemine ◽  
Anna Skwierawska ◽  
Ewa Augustin ◽  
Zofia Mazerska
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Oxidation Product ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes ◽  
Recombinant Enzymes ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Phase I Enzymes

AbstractThe present studies were carried out to evaluate the simultaneous one-pot metabolism of opipramol (IS-opi) and analog (IS-noh) by phase I and phase II enzymes present in rat liver microsomes (RLM) as an alternative to separate testing with recombinant enzymes. This approach allows for more time-saving and cost-effective screening of the metabolism of newly discovered drugs. We also considered that the lack of results for phase II, including UGT, often creates problems in correct selection of valuable compounds. Moreover, microsomes data set is richer in the contest and provides medical scientist to determine also the susceptibility of drugs to undergo phase I and then phase II. In the present work, we have shown that IS-noh was metabolized in vitro by phase I enzymes to the oxidation product, which was next transformed with UGTs to glucuronide. The results showed also that the previously known oxidation product of opipramol was changed to previously no reported glucuronidation product by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. In addition, unlike IS-noh, opipramol did not prove to be the substrate for UGTs. Therefore, tricyclic antidepressants depending on the structure can trigger a different response after contact with UGT enzymes. Some will metabolize directly with UGTs, others only after activation by phase I enzymes.

scholarly journals Oxidation of docosahexaenoic acid by rat liver microsomes.

1984 ◽  
Vol 259 (9) ◽  
pp. 5776-5783 ◽  
Author(s):  
M VanRollins ◽  
R C Baker ◽  
H W Sprecher ◽  
R C Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Rat Liver Microsomes
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