scholarly journals Helminth fauna of Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769 from the Belgrade area, Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kataranovski ◽  
Milena Kataranovski ◽  
Isidora Deljanin
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Trichuris Muris ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Norway Rats

The aims of this study were to provide baseline knowledge about intestinal parasites in Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) that inhabit the Belgrade area, and to analyze the associations among helminths. Of 302 trapped rats, 52% were females and 48% males, with 39% and approx. 37% of juvenile-subadult individuals, per sex, respectively. The following parasites were detected (with their respective prevalence): Cestoda - Hymenolepis diminuta (30.46%) and Rodentolepis fraterna (12.58%); Nematoda - Heterakis spumosa (36.75%), Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (16.22%), Capillaria sp. (5.96%), Trichuris muris (5.96%), Syphacia muris (4.30%) and Strongylus sp. larvae (0.33%). Flukes (Trematoda) were not recorded. Of all examined rats, 68.54% were found to harbor at least one parasite species, with higher prevalence in male hosts and in adult individuals. There were no age-related differences in the prevalence of infection with individual helminth species. Multiple infections occurred with up to four species per rat showing different combinations of parasite infections. These are the first records of the gastrointestinal helminth fauna of Norway rats in Serbia.

scholarly journals Research Note. Occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths in commensal rodents from Tabasco, Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cigarroa-Toledo ◽  
Y. De Los Santos-Martinez ◽  
C. V. Zaragoza-Vera ◽  
M. M. Garcia-Rodriguez ◽  
C. M. Baak-Baak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Trichuris Muris ◽  
Heligmosomoides Polygyrus ◽  
Syphacia Muris ◽  
Commensal Rodents ◽  
Syphacia Obvelata ◽  
Moniliformis Moniliformis

Summary The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and species composition of helminths in commensal rodents captured inside private residences in the city of Villahermosa in Tabasco, Mexico. Trapping was performed at each house for three consecutive nights from October to December 2015. Fifty commensal rodents were captured: 23 Rattus norvegicus, 16 Mus musculus and 11 Rattus rattus. Rodents were transported alive to the laboratory and held in cages until they defecated. Feces were analyzed for helminth eggs using the Sheather’s flotation technique. The overall prevalence of helminths in rodents was 60 %: R. norvegicus was more likely to be parasitized (87.0 %) than R. rattus (63.6 %) and M. musculus (18.8 %). Eggs from at least 13 species of helminths were identified: Hymenolepis diminuta, Rodentolepis nana, Moniliformis moniliformis, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Heterakis spumosa, Mastophorus muris, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Strongyloides ratti, Syphacia obvelata, Syphacia muris, Toxocara sp., Trichosomoides crassicauda, and Trichuris muris. This is the first study to report the presence of H. polygyrus, S. ratti and T. crassicauda in commensal rodents in Mexico. In conclusion, our results suggest that helminths commonly infect commensal rodents in Villahermosa and therefore rodents present a health risk to inhabitants in this region.

scholarly journals Rapid purification and characterization of l-dopachrome-methyl ester tautomerase (macrophage-migration-inhibitory factor) from Trichinella spiralis, Trichuris muris and Brugia pahangi

1998 ◽  
Vol 335 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne L. PENNOCK ◽  
Jerzy M. BEHNKE ◽  
Quentin D. BICKLE ◽  
Eileen DEVANEY ◽  
Richard K. GRENCIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Trichuris Muris ◽  
Brugia Pahangi ◽  
Dopachrome Tautomerase ◽  
Parasitic Helminths

Macrophage-migration-inhibition factor (MIF) is an essential stimulator of mammalian T-lymphocyte-dependent adaptive immunity, hence MIF orthologues might be expressed by infectious organisms as an immunosubversive stratagem. Since MIF actively catalyses the tautomerization of the methyl ester of l-dopachrome (using dopachrome tautomerase), the occurrence of MIF orthologues in several parasitic helminths was investigated by assaying and characterizing such activity. Evidence of MIF orthologues (dopachrome tautomerase) was found in the soluble fraction of the nematodes Trichinella spiralis (stage 4 larvae) and Trichuris muris (adults), and the filarial nematode Brugia pahangi (adults). The MIF orthologues of Tr. muris(TmMIF) and B. pahangi (BpMIF) were purified to homogeneity using phenyl-agarose chromatography, that of T. spiralis (TsMIF) required a further step: cation-exchange FPLC. Retention time on reverse-phase HPLC and Mr on SDS/PAGE of the nematode MIFs were similar to those of human MIF. N-terminal sequences (19 residues) of TsMIF and TmMIF showed 47 and 36% identity, respectively, with human MIF. The N-terminal sequence of BpMIF (14 residues) was identical to that of an MIF orthologue in the genome of B. malayi (Swiss-Prot, P91850) and showed 43% identity to either human or TsMIF. TsMIF had 10-fold higher dopachrome tautomerase activity than MIF from the other sources. The enzyme activities of TsMIF, BpMIF and TmMIF were less sensitive to inhibition by haematin (I50: > 15 µM, > 15 µM and 2.6 µM, respectively) than that of human MIF (I50 0.2 µM). Significant dopachrome tautomerase or phenyl-agarose-purifiable MIF-like protein was not detected in the soluble fraction of the nematodes Heligmosomoides polygyrus and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, the cestode Hymenolepis diminuta, or the trematodes Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum and S. haematobium, or the free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, which does contain an MIF-related gene.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of helminth fauna in Rattus rattus rufescens

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Nama ◽  
Aruna Parihar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Occasional Occurrence

AbstractA hclminthological survey of 149 house rats in Jodhpur during the year 1975 revealed infection with 8 helminth species: 4 cestodes, Vampirolepis fraterna, Hymenolepis diminuta, Mathevotaenia symmetrica and Taenia taenlaeformis (larval stage); 3 nematodes, Aspiculuris pakistanica, Rictularia ratti and Syphacia sp. and one acanthocephalan, Moniliformis sp. Vampirolepis fratema, H. diminuta and A.pakistanica were most common, R.ratti and M. symmetrica less frequent, and T. taeniaeformis, Syphacia sp. and Moniliformis sp. of occasional occurrence. Multiple infections were more frequent among male than female hosts.

scholarly journals Helminth communities and host-parasite relationships in argentine brown rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gomez Villafañe ◽  
M. Robles ◽  
M. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Syphacia Muris ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe aims of this research were: 1) to determine the helminth parasite fauna of seventy two Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) individuals inhabiting poultry farms in the Pampean region of Argentina; 2) to examine the relationship between parasitism and individual characteristics of the hosts, and 3) to analyze the associations among helminths. The study was carried out in twenty-four poultry farms from autumn 2000 to winter 2001. Nematodes were found in the intestine or caecum rectum of the 74 % of rats and cestodes were found along all the intestine of the 28 % of rats. Heterakis spumosa (Travassos 1914) was a central species, whereas Syphacia muris, Yamaguti 1941, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Travassos 1914) and Hymenolepis diminuta (Rudolphi 1819) were satellite species. Helminths do not affect rat survival and growth of rats. Rats parasitized with H. spumosa and H. diminuta were larger and older than non-parasitized rats. The intensity of infection with H. spumosa significantly increased with rat age. Rats parasitized with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Syphacia muris did not differ in size and age with respect to non-parasitized ones. The mean intensity of infections per host was 33.74, 74.28, higher than 200, and 3.10 for H. spumosa, S. muris, N. brasiliensis and H. diminuta, respectively. The mean intensity of infection with H. spumosa was higher in summer than in the other seasons, while the higher mean intensity of infection with N. brasiliensis and S. muris occurred in autumn. Infections with Heterakis spumosa and Syphacia muris, and with Syphacia muris and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were independent; while Heterakis spumosa and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were negatively associated.

Patterns of helminth infections in Rattus rattus and Mus musculus from two Mayan communities in Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Panti-May ◽  
E.E. Palomo-Arjona ◽  
Y.M. Gurubel-González ◽  
R.C. Barrientos-Medina ◽  
M.C. Digiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Trichuris Muris ◽  
Black Rat

Abstract The black rat Rattus rattus and the house mouse Mus musculus are two commensal rodent species that harbour and shed zoonotic pathogens, including helminths. The aim of this survey was to study the helminth community and the patterns of infections in R. rattus and M. musculus from two Mayan communities in Mexico. Gastrointestinal helminths were isolated from 322 M. musculus and 124 R. rattus, including Gongylonema neoplasticum, Hassalstrongylus aduncus, Hassalstrongylus musculi, Hydatigera taeniaeformis metacestode, Hymenolepis diminuta, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Oligacanthorhynchidae gen. sp., Syphacia muris, Syphacia obvelata, Rodentolepis microstoma and Trichuris muris. The overall richness of helminths was seven in R. rattus and six in M. musculus. The results of generalized linear models showed that juvenile rodents had lower probabilities of being infected with G. neoplasticum, H. taeniaeformis and H. musculi than adult rodents. A positive association between the prevalence of S. muris and rat abundance was found. The intensity of infection with S. muris was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season; the opposite result was found for H. musculi infection. Male R. rattus harboured more S. muris specimens. The intensity of infection with T. muris was inversely associated with mouse abundance. The presence of the zoonotic H. diminuta, as well as H. taeniaeformis and R. microstoma in rodent populations indicates that there is risk of transmission, and that their entire life cycle occurs in the study area.

Interspecific effects betweenMoniliformis(Acanthocephala),Hymenolepis(Cestoda) andNippostrongylus(Nematoda) in the laboratory rat

Parasitology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Holland
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Laboratory Rat ◽  
Concurrent Infections ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Moniliformis Moniliformis

Rats harbouring 35-day-old primary infections ofMoniliformis moniliformisandHymenolepis diminutawere inoculated with equal doses ofNippostrongylus brasiliensisand were autopsied 10 days later. Significant reductions were found in the dry weight ofMoniliformisandHymenolepisand in the numbers ofNippostrongylusrecovered compared with single infections. Similarly, in infections with two parasites, the numbers ofNippostrongyluswere reduced when concurrent withMoniliformisand the dry weights ofMoniliformisandHymenolepisdecreased in the presence of each other. A comparison of the concurrent infections themselves revealed thatMoniliformisweighed significantly less in the presence ofHymenolepisthan in the three parasite infections. Parasite interactions and their possible mechanism are discussed and comparisons are made with the relevant single infection for each parasite.

scholarly journals New host, geographical records, and factors affecting the prevalence of helminths infection from synanthropic rodents in Yucatán, Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Panti-May ◽  
E. Palomo-Arjona ◽  
Y. Gurubel-González ◽  
M. A. Torres-Castro ◽  
V. M. Vidal-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
New Host ◽  
Trichuris Muris ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Syphacia Muris ◽  
Syphacia Obvelata

SummaryThe aim of this paper was to study the occurrence of helminths inMus musculusandRattus rattusfrom urban, suburban and rural settlements in Yucatán, Mexico; and to analyse the host factors (e.g. sex) related to helminths’ distribution. Helminths in a total of 279 rodents were surveyed by visual examination of the liver for metacestodes and faecal examination for helminth eggs using the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation technique. The cestodesHydatigera taeniaeformis(metacestodes detected in the liver) andHymenolepis diminuta,and the nematodesAspiculurissp.,Nippostrongylus brasiliensis,Syphacia muris,Syphacia obvelata, andTrichuris muriswere identified. InM. musculus, the prevalence of infection withT. murisandH. taeniaeformiswas higher in the rural village compared to those in the suburban neighbourhood. ForR. rattus, a higher prevalence of infection withH. diminutawas found in the urban site compared to that in the suburban site. This study reports the occurrence ofH. diminutaamong rodents living in close proximity to humans, representing a potential public health risk. In addition, this survey increases our understanding of dynamic transmission among intestinal helminths recorded in Yucatán, Mexico.

scholarly journals Helminths of the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) (Berkenhout, 1769) in the city of Palermo, Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Milazzo ◽  
A. Ribas ◽  
J. Casanova ◽  
M. Cagnin ◽  
F. Geraci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Syphacia Muris ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Taenia Taeniaeformis ◽  
The City

AbstractA helminthological survey was performed on 143 brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the city of Palermo (Italy). The overall prevalence of helminth infection was 98.60 %. The following parasites were found: Brachylaima sp. (prevalence 8.39 %) (Trematoda); Taenia taeniaeformis larvae (11.89 %), Rodentolepis nana (13.29 %), Hymenolepis diminuta (24.48 %) (Cestoda); Gongylonema sp., (4.90 %), Syphacia muris (8.39 %), Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (18.88 %), Eucoleus gastricus (30.07 %), Mastophorus muris (30.77 %), Capillaria hepatica (54.55 %), Heterakis spumosa (82.52 %) (Nematoda) and one acanthocephalan (0.70 %). The species found in males were also present in females, with the exception of the acanthocephalan. No significant differences were found between males and females in prevalence (P%) or mean infection intensity (MI). However, a significant correlation between both P% and MI, as well as host age, was observed in some helminth species. Hosts were infected by one to six helminth species (median = 3). This is the first report from Sicily of helminths in R. norvegicus.

INTESTINAL PARASITE INFECTION IN HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2013-2014 BY DIRECT EXAMINATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS

2016 ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Nu Phuong Anh Ton ◽  
Thi Minh Chau Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Clonorchis Sinensis ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Life Condition ◽  
Parasite Infections

Introduction: Intestinalparasite infections still are very common in tropical country such as Vietnam. Therefore evaluation of the prevalence of them should be done. Materials and methods: A crosssectional descriptivestudy were carried out to use the wet mount direct examination, Kato and ELISA technique for evaluation the rate of intestinal parasite infections, interviewed them to reveal their life’s hygenic condition, knowledge and risk behaviour of intestinal parasite infections in 640 patients attending to the in Hue University of hospital. Result: The rate of soiltransmitted intestinal helminth were lower than the foodborne infection of cestode and trematode such as: Taenia solium/saginata 3.64%, Clonorchis sinensis 2.73%. The rate of positive antibody of rare intestinal parasite were Fasciola gigantica 40.68%, E. histolytica/dispar 43.75%, Toxocara canis 32.43%, Gnasthostoma spinigerum 37.5%, Taenia solium 51.43%, Strongyloidesstercoralis 16.67%. Most of people has hygenic life condition with hygenic water available. The popular knowledge of intestinal parasite diseases of transmission, pathology, prevention and treatment were concentrate on oiltransmittedintestinal helminth.There were high rate of platyhelminths infectious behaviourssuch as: eating raw water plant 75.6%, eating raw beef 80.6%, eating raw pork 72.2%, eating raw fish 11.8%, bare foot 34.2%. Conclusions: The result of our study showed that the higher rate of foodborne cestode and trematode than soiltransmittedhelminth correspond tothe hygenic life condition, the knowledge of the diseases and risk behavior of intestinal parasites infection. Key words: Helminth, cestode, trematode

scholarly journals Age-related declines in thirst and salt appetite responses in male Fischer 344×Brown Norway rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Thunhorst ◽  
Terry Beltz ◽  
Alan Kim Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Brown Norway ◽  
Salt Appetite ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Norway Rats
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