scholarly journals Phenotypic characteristics of trees and seeds as the base for improvement and conservation of the horse chestnut gene pool

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Ocokoljic ◽  
Nadezda Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Population Variability ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Aesthetic Properties ◽  
Selection Of

This study deals with individual and group variability of horse chestnut trees cultivated in urban cenoses in Belgrade, Zemun, and Pancevo, Serbia. The trees were selected according to their morphological-aesthetic properties and yield variability. In view of size of the study populations, it can be considered that the trees were cultivated in more or less uniform ecological conditions and that individual intra-population variability is mostly the result of genetic properties. The study results can serve as the base for selection of genotypes significant for application in urban cenoses, especially for the establishment of tree rows.

scholarly journals Towards Neurosubtypes in Autism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Jun Hong ◽  
Joshua Tzvi Vogelstein ◽  
Alessandro gozzi ◽  
Boris C. Bernhardt ◽  
B.T. Thomas Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Current Data ◽  
System Level ◽  
Diagnostic Labels ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
Diagnostic Samples ◽  
And Function ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity ◽  
Selection Of

There is a general consensus that substantial heterogeneity underlies the neurobiology in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As such, it has become increasingly clear that a dissection of variation at the molecular-, cellular-, and system-level domains is a prerequisite for identifying biomarkers and developing more targeted therapeutic strategies in ASD. Advances in neuroimaging approaches to characterizing atypical brain patterns have recently motivated their application as viable tools to delineate more homogenous ASD subgroups at the level of brain structure and function - i.e., neurosubtyping. This review assesses and critically discusses the current data-driven neurosubtyping in ASD. It breaks this pursuit into key methodological steps: the selection of diagnostic samples, neuroimaging features, algorithm and validation approaches. For each step, we appraise the current literature in terms of progress, as well as remaining challenges and potential solutions. Convergence across findings is discussed and biological implications are highlighted. Although preliminary and with limited methodological overlap, results from this literature illustrate the feasibility of neurosubtyping. Across studies, there is general agreement that distinct neurosubtypes exist, but the exact number and their definitions vary depending on the specific features and approach utilized in a given study. Results also suggest the utility of subtypes in predicting symptom severity and diagnostic labels above and beyond group-average comparison designs. This review concludes with a discussion of future avenues towards a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying ASD heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Frequency distribution of journalistic attention for scientific studies and scientific sources: An input – output analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Lehmkuhl ◽  
Nikolai Promies
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Input Output Analysis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Selection Of

Based on the decision-theoretical conditions underlying the selection of events for news coverage in science journalism, this article uses a novel input-output analysis to investigate which of the more than eight million scientific study results published between August 2014 and July 2018 have been selected by global journalism to a relevant degree. We are interested in two different structures in the media coverage of scientific results. Firstly, the structure of sources that journalists use, i.e. scientific journals, and secondly, the congruence of the journalistic selection of single results. Previous research suggests that the selection of sources and results follows a certain heavy-tailed distribution, a power law. Mathematically, this distribution can be described with a function of the form C*x-α. We argue that the exponent of such power law distributions can potentially be an indicator to describe selectivity in journalism on a high aggregation level. In our input-output analysis, we look for such patterns in the coverage of all scientific results published in the database Scopus over four years. To get an estimate of the coverage of these results, we use data from the altmetrics provider Altmetric, more precisely their Mainstream-Media-Score (MSM-Score). Based on exploratory analyses, we define papers with a score of 50 or above as Social Impact Papers (SIPs). Over our study period, we identified 5,833 SIPs published in 1,236 journals. We consider a power law fit with an exponent of about -2 to be plausible for the distribution of the source selection but cannot confirm the power law hypothesis for the distribution of the selection of single results. In this case, an exponentially truncated power law seems to be the better fit.

Strategic analysis of the competitiveness of the enterprise

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Yuliia Grynchuk ◽  
Andrii Muzychenko ◽  
Kseniia Prykhod’ko
Keyword(s):  
Price Policy ◽  
Strategic Analysis ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology of strategic analysis of enterprise competitiveness. The methodological basis of the research is the use of general scientific methods: the method of analysis and synthesis, theoretical generalization and comparison, and the means of modern computer technology for data visualization. The scientific novelty of the received results consists of developing a logical and linguistic methodology of competitiveness analysis in the long term. The article is devoted to the development of strategic analysis of the competitiveness of the enterprise. Relevance of research is caused by enterprises management in the modern markets that use innovations of products or technologies, constantly face competition, and according to its condition, should make decisions on strategic development in conformity with the country’s development market inquiries the society. Thus, the problem is not only for new companies but also for those that already function in the market and carry out planning of economic activity to become the market leader, not to lose leadership, to keep the positions. The given methodology can be used by any enterprise irrespective of the type of activity, form of ownership, or strategic goals. Conclusions. According to the study results, the methodology of strategic analysis, which is based on the study of potential internal development of the enterprise, taking into account the influence of external factors, which include macroeconomic factors of influence and market conditions. The basic approaches to the analysis of the competitiveness of the enterprise of foreign and domestic researchers are investigated in the article. The essential components of competitive advantages, which include price and non-price factors, are considered. Peculiarities of carrying out the analysis of the competitiveness of the enterprise after Porter are defined. The methodology of competitiveness analysis in the long term is developed. The main components of the strategic analysis are the estimation of activity scale in a long-term prospect, determination of strategic aims of the company, determination of aims of market coverage, selection of strategy type, selection of basic subjects of influence on competitive advantages, assessment of future relations with suppliers and buyers, assessment of cost price level, assessment of the quality of products and services and unique properties of products, formation of internal price policy. Key words: strategy, strategic analysis, competitiveness, competitive advantages.

Dynamics of the live weight of replacement heifers depending on their origin from the sire

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
O. V. Gorelik ◽  
N. A. Fedoseeva ◽  
A. S. Gorelik ◽  
E. V. Koksharov
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Age Dynamics ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Selection Of

In the last few decades the improvement of domestic dairy cattle was due to the widespread use of the gene pool of the best world breed such as Holstein. As a result of crossbreeding the breeding stock of the domestic Black-and-White breed with the sires of Holstein breed in different regions of the country a population of crossbreds has been created. The purpose of the work was to study the age dynamics of the live weight of replacement heifers depending on the paternal origin and the correlation between the indicators for the growth periods. The daughters of different sires have a difference in their live weight at the first insemination. The live weight of more than 400 kg was obtained from replacement heifers obtained from the sires Saber, Decaro and Baquero. The daughters of the sires Gatedenser, Bentley and Alta Ciara in live weight were inferior to their herdmates by 2,7–9,3 kg or by 0,7–2,8 % (P ≥ 0,05). The bulk of the replacement heifers are inseminated at the age of 13 months and only the daughters of the sire Alta Ciara are inseminated at the age of 14,1 months with a live weight of 396,7 kg. Despite the almost identical live weight of heifers at birth they differed from each other in the process of rearing. It has been established that the live weight at birth is not an indicator for assessing the further growth of replacement young animals. At 6 months of age the correlation of live weight at the age of 6 months and at the first insemination was positive and ranges from 0,01 (daughters of the sire Baquero) to 0,55 (daughters of the sire Decaro). Selection of heifers at the age of 6 months by their live weight allows us to choose the best and provide the opportunity to inseminate them at the age of 12–13 months with the organization of intensive rearing.

INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS IN THE SELECTION OF INDONESIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: EVIDENCE FROM EDUCATION EXPO VISITORS

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (09) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Arif Hartono
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Perceived Importance ◽  
Quality Faculty ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

This study examines the required information and its importance that used by visitors of an education expo to select Indonesian higher education (HE) institutions. The visitors were dominated by the final year students of high schools that are located in the city of Jakarta, Indonesia. The study also investigates preferred promotional tools considered effective by the visitors that influence their choice of Indonesian HE institutions. The results indicated that the top three (in order) of the required information that used by the visitors to select Indonesian HE institutions were scholarships offered, teaching quality and faculty accreditation. Teaching quality, faculty accreditation and scholarship were the top three factors (in order) to be perceived importance by the visitors in the choice of Indonesian HE institutions. Regarding, HE promotional tools considered the most effective that influenced the visitors in selecting Indonesian HE institutions were national television, university presentation and university website. The study results provide important insight for policy makers in Indonesian HE institutions to develop marketing strategy, particularly the strategy related to recruitment and advertising, due to the visitors are potential students of Indonesian HE institutions.

scholarly journals Selection of breeding roosters during artificial insemination by the reaction of tonic immobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Igor I. Popov ◽  
Svetlana A. Shabanova ◽  
Yulia V. Shoshina
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Immobility Reaction ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Selection Of

The profitability increase of using laying hens is associated with an increase in their productivity and reduction of maintenance costs. This problem can be solved by two approaches: new methods for increasing the genetic potential of economically useful traits of chickens are being developed, and methods of ensuring the fullest realization of this potential are being sought. The main attention is paid to the selection of roosters, whose breeding qualities largely determine the “saturation” of the flock with the desirable genotypes. Analysis of the results of our research shows that roosters, especially in the maternal form, allocate very small amounts of ejaculate when massaging; most males have a difficult reaction to the massage. Moreover, by the age of 240 days, under the influence of long training, the number of such roosters decreased to 20-25%. However, the roosters, who later began to respond to the massage, often released ejaculates with volumes up to 0.2 cm3. Studies have shown that in the group of roosters with a small volume of ejaculate, the highest percentage (29.2%) of roosters was with a bad reaction to the massage and only 8.3% of roosters was with a good reaction. In the group with a large volume of ejaculates, there are 64.8% more roosters with a good response to the massage compared to the I group and 67.8% compared to the II group. When describing the duration of tonic immobility reaction of roosters, who release ejaculates with different volumes during the massage, which, as indicated earlier, reflects the level of arousal and inhibition processes, it turned out that the least duration of the state of tonic immobility reaction was found in roosters that give small volumes of sperm (60%) and only 10% of males had a duration of tonic immobility reaction within 409-900 seconds. There is a violation of the normal flow of neuroreflective processes in the body in the roosters with an increased process of arousal, which is manifested, for example, during natural mating. Such roosters have a bad reaction to massage and give small amounts of sperm. Therefore, determining the level of hypnotic state in roosters, that is, identifying the degree of balance between arousal and inhibitory processes can serve as an additional criterion for the phenotypic characteristics of breeding roosters with a certain response to massage and the volume of ejaculate.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF GRASS CARP CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLA (VALENCIENNES, 1844) IN RESERVOIRS OF SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Olga Ivanovna Kirichenko ◽  
Saule Zhangirovna Asylbekova ◽  
Kuanysh Baibulatovich Isbekov
Keyword(s):  
Grass Carp ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Population Variability ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon Idella

The article presents the study results of the inter-population variability of morphometric features of grass carp in the natural reservoirs of southern Kazakhstan (the Ili Delta and the Kapshagai Reservoir) and in the Kapshagai spawning and breeding farm. In the compared populations of herbivorous fish there has been found the variability in meristic characteristics to varying degrees, as well as the proportions of individual body parts. The increased value of inter-population variability may indicate the high plasticity of morphological features of grass carp and the significant adaptive capabilities of the compared populations. The valid differences in grass carp samples marked by a group of morphological features (plastic and meristic) and taken of fish from the hatchery and natural reservoirs of the Balkhash-Ili basin indicate the existence of species produced by artificial reproduction and by natural spawning in the natural reservoirs.

scholarly journals Increasing the financial stability of enterprises with the help of financial analysis tools

2021 ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Andriy Lyubenko ◽  
Ruslana Shurpenkova ◽  
Oksana Sarahman
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction. In market conditions, the successful operation of the enterprise largely depends on the level of stability of its financial condition. If the company is financially stable, it has a number of advantages over other companies of the same profile to obtain loans, attract investment, in the selection of contractors and in the selection of qualified personnel. The higher the financial stability of the company, the greater it is regardless   of changes in market conditions and, consequently, the lower the risk of bankruptcy. Therefore, the strategic goal of any business is to ensure financial stability.If the company is financially stable, solvent, it has a number of advantages over other companies of the same profile in obtaining loans, attracting investment, in choosing suppliers and in the selection of qualified personnel. The higher the resilience of the company, the more it is independent of unexpected changes in market conditions and, consequently, the lower the risk of bankruptcy.Purpose. To develop theoretical and methodological approaches to ensure the financial stability of enterprises based on the use of financial analysis tools.Methods. The study was conducted using general and special methods of cognition: observation, statistical, logical and comparative analysis, grouping, generalization and classification, systemic and structural approaches. The total analytical potential of the tools used ensured the reliability of the conclusions and recommendations obtained in the study. Results. The essence and significance of the financial stability of the enterprise are revealed, the directions of strengthening the financial stability of the enterprise by effective use of the tools of financial analysis are outlined. The main functional components that determine the economic stability of the enterprise and a system of measures that provides a timely response to deviations from the planned values of economic stability of the enterprise are identified.Prospects for further research. Prospects for further research are to deepen the methodological foundations of ensuring the financial stability of the enterprise through the tools of financial analysis and the formation of strategies and tactics to ensure the financial stability of enterprises.

scholarly journals A Review of the Use of Psychoacoustic Indicators on Soundscape Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margret Sibylle Engel ◽  
André Fiebig ◽  
Carmella Pfaffenbach ◽  
Janina Fels
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Soundscape Studies ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis work reviews the literature of 46 peer-reviewed papers and presents the current status on the use of psychoacoustic indicators in soundscape studies. The selection of papers for a systematic review followed the PRISMA method. Afterwards, descriptive analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were realised. For the PCA, the following parameters extracted from the papers were analysed: psychoacoustic indicator, hypothesis, statistical units, data collection method and major findings for each investigated psychoacoustic indicator. The results show an overview of the use of psychoacoustic indicators, through main hypothesis and findings for each psychoacoustic indicator i.e. the importance of statistical units, such as percentiles, to investigate the hypothesis related to the description of auditory descriptors and perceptual attributes. Another important finding is that many papers lack the specification of computation methods limiting the comparability of study results and impeding the meta-analyses.

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