scholarly journals The effect of plant growth regulators on centaury (Centaurium erythraea Rafn) seeds germination

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Mijajlovic ◽  
Dragoljub Grubisic ◽  
Zlatko Giba ◽  
Radomir Konjevic
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Ac 94,377 ◽  
Centaurium Erythraea ◽  
Seeds Germination

Centaury seeds are light-requiring. Long-term red light irradiation caused more than 80% of seeds to germinate. Seeds did not germinate in darkness. Gibberellic acid and GA7 can replace light, but N-substituted phtalimide AC 94,377 was ineffective. Light-induced germination was inhibited by abscisic acid and growth retardants such as ancymidol, tetcyclacis, and paclobutrazole. Growth retardant-caused inhibition can be overcome by the addition of gibberellic acid.

scholarly journals (94) Efficacy of Application Methods and Concentration of Plant Growth Retardants on Growth of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthem ×grandiflorum `Cheasepeake')

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046A-1046
Author(s):  
Chun Ho Pak ◽  
Seung Won Kang ◽  
Chiwon W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Plant Growth Retardants ◽  
Application Methods

Efficacy of application methods and concentration of plant growth retardants on growth of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema ×grandiflorum cv. Cheasepeake) was tested. B-9 or cycocel (CCC) as a growth retardant was applied as drench or subapplication with nutrient solution. In the case of B-9 drench treatments, as B-9 concentrations increased, numbers of flowers and flower buds increased except in the 1500-ppm treatment. Increasing concentration of CCC also resulted in reduction of flower numbers, total plant height, total leaf area, branch number, and fresh weight. Reduction ratio of total plant height in 2000 ppm showed about 56.9% being compared to that of the 100-ppm drench treatment. B-9 or CCC, combined with nutrient solution, was also supplied from the C-channel subirrigation system. The B-9 subapplication treatment showed no significance among these concentrations, but flower numbers, total plant height, average plant height, and leaf numbers decreased as concentrations of CCC increased. B-9 or CCC with the same concentration was drenched after 2 weeks of the first experiment to compare planting time efficacy. Measured data increased until B-9 increased up to 2500 ppm and severe growth retardation resulted from the 5000-ppm treatment. Through this growth retardant application study, the combination of drenching concentration and period of plant growth regulators (PGRs) may result in effective growth retardation and reduction of application concentrations for pot plant production.

Regulation of endogenous abscisic acid levels and transpiration in oilseed rape by plant growth retardants

1990 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Häuser ◽  
Jacek Kwiatkowski ◽  
Wilhelm Rademacher ◽  
Klaus Grossmann
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Endogenous Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Retardants

Internal anatomy of individual tomato seeds: relationship to abscisic acid and germination physiology

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Downie ◽  
Sunitha Gurusinghe ◽  
Kent J. Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Internal Anatomy ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Dna Contents ◽  
Mannanase Activity

AbstractTomato seeds that have been dried, imbibed and redried (primed) develop internal free space between the embryo and endosperm. Seeds of the ABA-deficient sitiens(sitw) tomato mutant can exhibit internal free space at the completion of seed development even without priming. Both primed and sitwseeds germinate more rapidly than untreated wild-type seeds. To determine whether internal anatomy predicts germination physiology, individual sitwand primed wild-type seeds were sorted into three categories based upon the extent of internal free space observed non-destructively using X-radiography. Category 3 (C3, extensive free space present) sitw seeds completed germination more rapidly than all other seed categories and genotypes in water, in abscisic acid (ABA) or under far-red illumination. The force necessary to puncture the endosperm caps (and testa) of C3 sitw seeds was less, and the percentage of nuclei in C3 sitw radicle tips in the G2 stage of the cell cycle was greater than for all other seed categories. Wild-type seeds exhibited free space following long-term priming, but germination was still prevented by far-red light and ABA, and endosperm cap strength and nuclear DNA contents were not altered. Endo-β-mannanase activity of individual endosperm caps was not consistently related to their resistance to puncture. While internal free space is diagnostic for primed tomato seeds and occurs in a fraction of sitw seeds, it is not predictive of many aspects of germination physiology.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Retardants Affect Growth and Flowering of Achillea × ‘Coronation Gold’

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Kessler ◽  
G.J. Keever
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Quality Ratings ◽  
Plant Growth Retardants

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of several widely used plant growth retardants on plant size and flowering of Achillea × ‘Coronation Gold’. Plants in 10 cm (4 in) pots were grown in a greenhouse and treated with B-Nine at 0, 2550, 5100, or 7650 ppm; Cycocel at 0, 767, 1534, or 2301 ppm; B-Nine/Cycocel at 0, 1275/1534, 2550/1534, or 3825/1534 ppm; Sumagic at 0, 11, 22, 33, 44, or 55 ppm; Bonzi at 0, 32, 64, 96, 128, or 160 ppm; or Cutless at 0, 40, 80, or 120 ppm as a spray 1 week after vernalization. B-Nine, Cycocel, B-Nine/Cycocel, Sumagic, Bonzi, and Cutless reduced shoot height and growth index by 36 and 26%, 39 and 27%, 61 and 41%, 75 and 52%, 52 and 36%, and 75 and 51%, respectively, with the highest rate of each. B-Nine, Cycocel, B-Nine/Cycocel, and Sumagic, but not Bonzi or Cutless, increased the number of days to open inflorescence by 3-5 days with increasing rate. Sumagic, Bonzi, and Cutless reduced inflorescence diameter by up to 15, 18, and 14%, respectively but not B-Nine, Cycocel, or B-Nine/Cycocel. The highest quality ratings of 2.8 to 3.0 were found with B-Nine/Cycocel at 3825/1534 ppm, Sumagic at 22 and 33 ppm, and Bonzi at 64 ppm. Differences between the results in this study and earlier studies implicate the possible impact of differences in experimental environments, container size, or stage of development when the plant growth retardant treatments were applied.

scholarly journals Effect of Selected Growth Retardants on `Arabe' Grapevines

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 602F-602
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Morales-Salazar ◽  
Jose P. Morales-Payan ◽  
Bielinski M. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Plant Growth Retardants

The effect of three plant growth retardants, bitertanol, tradimefon, and hexaconazole, on short-term vine regrowth of pruned `Arabe' grape (Vitis vinifera) was studied in field experiments conducted in the Dominican Republic. Individual soil drench treatments of the three retardants were applied to adult pruned `Arabe' grape plants at rates 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 g active ingredient per plant. Three weeks after treatment, bitertanol did not have a significant effect on vegetative growth, whereas triadimefon and hexaconazole caused significant reductions on vine regrowth. The effect of triadimefon as a growth retardant was stronger than that of hexaconazole, as described by regression equations Y = 30.88 - 25.68X for triadimefon, and Y = 32.9 - 15.2X for hexaconazole.

scholarly journals Differences in Inflorescence Numbers and Endogenous Gibberellic Acid Levels in ‘Afterglow’ Bougainvillea

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 650-653
Author(s):  
Mun Wye Chng ◽  
Kimberly A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Multiple Cues ◽  
Exogenous Aba ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Temperature Water

Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea sp.) plant inflorescence number will vary in response to multiple cues such as changes in temperature, water, light intensity, pruning, and photoperiod. Previous research reports that the application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) to bougainvillea grown under varying photoperiods improved inflorescence number, probably as a result of changes in gibberellic acid (GA) levels. There are many bioactive plant GAs, but we chose to investigate differences in gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) levels and inflorescence number in response to the application of ethephon (2-cholorethylphosponic acid) or abscisic acid (ABA) to ‘Afterglow’ bougainvillea (Bougainvillea ×buttiana) grown under 14-hour photoperiod [long-day (LD)] conditions. Plants were 5 inches tall with seven visible lateral nodes and were grown in a greenhouse in 4-inch pots filled with 5-mm coarse aquarium zeolite. Ethephon was applied as a foliar spray at 0.05, 0.07, 0.10, 0.15, or 0.20 mg/plant. ABA was applied as a soil drench at 1, 1.5, 3, 6, 8, or 10 mg/plant. Endogenous levels of GA3 were measured 1 and 48 days after treatment to calculate the change in GA3 (∆GA3). A short day (SD) control of 8 hours was included to measure differences in inflorescence number and ∆GA3 between photoperiods. ‘Afterglow’ plants grown under SD conditions had the greatest decrease in ∆GA3 (–1.09 µg·g–1) over 48 days and the most inflorescences (10.6) compared with LD control plants with a decrease in ∆GA3 of –0.09 µg·g–1 and fewer inflorescences (1.0). Plants grown under LD conditions and treated with 0.05 mg/plant ethephon had inflorescence numbers (9.6) and levels of ∆GA3 (–0.74 µg·g–1) similar to the SD control. As ethephon rate increased to more than 0.05 mg/plant, inflorescence number on LD plants decreased and ∆GA3 increased. Exogenous ABA rates of 1 mg/plant produced inflorescence numbers (1.4) and ∆GA3 (–0.10 µg·g–1) similar to the LD control. As the rate increased, ∆GA3 increased and inflorescence number decreased. Plants treated with ABA rates of 3 mg/plant and more were defoliated and had no inflorescences.

scholarly journals Hormonal regulation of the growth of leaves and inflorescence stalk in Muscari armeniacum Leichtl.

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Saniewski ◽  
Justyna Góraj-Koniarska ◽  
Elżbieta Węgrzynowicz-Lesiak ◽  
Eleonora Gabryszewska
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

It is known that chilling of <em>Muscari</em> bulbs is necessary for the growth of the inflorescence stalk and flowering, but not for the growth of leaves. Gibberellic acid (GA) accelerated stem growth and flowering in chilled <em>Muscari</em> bulbs. In the present experiment it was shown that in unchilled derooted <em>Muscari</em> bulbs the growth of leaves, but not the growth of the inflorescence stalk, was observed when bulbs were stored in water, GA at a concentration of 50 and 100 mg/L, benzyladenine (BA) at a concentration of 25 and 50 mg/L, or a mixture of GA+BA (50+25 mg/L), but abscisic acid (ABA) at a concentration of 10 mg/L greatly inhibited the growth of leaves. In chilled derooted <em>Muscari</em> bulbs the growth of leaves and inflorescence stalk was observed when bulbs were stored in water or GA, but BA and GA+BA treatments totally inhibited the growth of the inflorescence stalk without an effect on the growth of leaves. These results clearly showed that the growth of leaves and inflorescence stalk in <em>Muscari</em> bulbs are controlled by plant growth regulators in different ways. ABA totally inhibited the growth of leaves and inflorescence stalk in chilled derooted <em>Muscari</em> bulbs. It was shown that after the excision of the inflorescence bud in cultivated chilled <em>Muscari</em> bulbs, the inflorescence stalk died, but application of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) 0.5% in the place of the removed inflorescence bud induced the growth of the inflorescence stalk. IAA applied under the inflorescence bud inhibited the development of flowers (flower-bud blasting) and induced the growth of the inflorescence stalk below the treatment site. These results are discussed with reference to hormonal regulation of stem (stalk) growth in tulip, narcissus, hyacinth, and <em>Hippeastrum</em>.

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