scholarly journals Sixteenth Census of Seabird Populations in the Sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 2005

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Rail ◽  
Richard Cotter
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Common Eiders ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Leach’S Storm Petrel ◽  
Caspian Tern ◽  
Atlantic Puffin

The Migratory Bird Sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence are important breeding grounds for many seabird species. The quinquennial censuses of seabirds in these sanctuaries have been carried out for 80 years (since 1925), in order to detect changes in the distribution and population levels of seabirds breeding on the North Shore. Between 1998-1999 and 2005, the most striking trends observed were the near doubling in numbers of Common Eiders in most sanctuaries, and the strong population growth rate of Razorbill. Unexplainable declines of Common Murre and Atlantic Puffin were observed at some of the larger colonies of these species. The last active colonies of Leach’s Storm-Petrel (Corossol Island) and Caspian Tern (Île à la Brume) on the North Shore seem on the verge of disappearing, with zero and three birds observed in 2005, respectively. Seabird populations in the larger, more accessible and disturbed sanctuaries are still markedly smaller than in historical times.Les refuges d’oiseaux migrateurs de la Côte-Nord du Golfe du Saint-Laurent constituent d’importants sites de nidification pour plusieurs espèces d’oiseaux marins. Des inventaires quinquennaux des oiseaux marins dans ces refuges sont effectués depuis 80 ans (depuis 1925), pour détecter les changements dans la répartition et les niveaux de population des oiseaux marins nichant sur la Côte-Nord. Entre 1998-99 et 2005, les tendances les plus marquantes étaient chez l’Eider à duvet, dont les effectifs ont pratiquement doublé dans la plupart des refuges, et chez le Petit Pingouin, dont les populations ont également connu une croissance rapide. Des déclins énigmatiques chez le Guillemot marmette et le Macareux moine ont été observés à plusieurs des colonies les plus importantes de ces espèces. Les dernières colonies actives d’Océanite cul-blanc (à l’île du Corossol) et de Sterne caspienne (à l’île à la Brume) sur la Côte-Nord semblent sur le point de disparaître, avec respectivement zéro et trois oiseaux observés en 2005. Les populations d’oiseaux marins demeurent à des niveaux bien endeça de ceux rapportés historiquement dans les refuges de grande superficie, davantage accessibles et sujets au dérangement.

scholarly journals Seventeenth census of seabird populations in the sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Rail ◽  
Richard Cotter
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Oceanodroma Leucorhoa ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
The Status ◽  
Leach’S Storm Petrel ◽  
Caspian Tern

Seabirds in the 10 migratory bird sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Canada, which were created in 1925, have been censused regularly for the last 85 years. The sanctuaries support 16 seabird species, many of which are found in significant numbers. From 2005 to 2010, some notable population changes were observed: large increases in Common Murres (Uria aalge), Razorbills (Alca torda), and two species of cormorants and continuing declines in Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and Atlantic Puffins (Fratercula arctica). The status of Leach’s Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) and Caspian Tern (Hydroprogne caspia) is extremely precarious because of their small breeding populations. Between 2005 and 2010, seabird numbers in the sanctuaries increased 19% overall and were stable in most sanctuaries (≤ 15% change); however, notable increases were observed at Îles Sainte-Marie (60%), Baie des Loups (47%), and Île à la Brume (44%). Nonetheless, considering historical records, increased surveillance and raising of awareness of seabird conservation in local communities near the sanctuaries of Île à la Brume, Baie des Loups, and Saint-Augustin would be most beneficial.

scholarly journals Fifteenth Census of Seabird Populations in the Sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1998-1999

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Rail ◽  
Gilles Chapdelaine
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Herring Gulls ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
Historical Levels ◽  
Atlantic Puffin ◽  
Seabird Population ◽  
Program Research

For the first time since the tradition began in 1925, the quinquennial census of seabirds in the Migratory Bird Sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence was divided between two years in 1998-1999. Trends between 1993 and 1998-1999 were variable across species and sanctuaries. In particular, following the large decreases in both species noted in 1993, the 1998-1999 survey showed that Black-legged Kittiwakes had declined further, while the number of Herring Gulls had stabilized. Alcids were all doing well except for the Atlantic Puffin which showed severe yet unexplained drops at all major colonies. Law enforcement efforts appear reflected in seabird population trends, as well-patrolled sanctuaries such as St. Mary's Islands seem to do well, whereas many species at the Baie des Loups and Île à la Brume sanctuaries are far from their historical levels. In addition to a better law enforcement program, research is needed in order to identify other conservation problems that some species may be facing.Pour la première fois depuis 1925, l'inventaire quinquennal des oiseaux marins des refuges d'oiseaux migrateurs de la Côte-Nord du Golfe Saint-Laurent fut mené sur deux ans, soit en 1998 et 1999. Les tendances des populations entre 1993 et 1998-1999 étaient variables selon l'espèce et le refuge. En particulier, suite à une décroissance notée chez les deux espèces en 1993, l'inventaire de 1998-1999 a démontré que la Mouette tridactyle avait encore diminué, tandis que le nombre de Goélands argentés s'était stabilisé. Les populations d'Alcidés ont toutes semblé en bonne santé sauf celle du Macareux moine dont les colonies importantes ont diminué de façon sévère et inexpliquée. Les efforts de protection par l'application de la loi se reflètent visiblement dans les tendances des populations d'oiseaux de mer, puisque les refuges les mieux surveillés comme celui des Îles Sainte-Marie vont bien, alors que plusieurs espèces aux refuges de Baie des Loups et de l'île à la Brume sont loin de leurs niveaux historiques. En plus d'un meilleur programme d'application de la loi, la recherche est nécessaire pour identifier les autres problèmes de conservation auxquels certaines espèces font face.

scholarly journals Third Census of Seabird Populations of the Gaspé Peninsula, Québec, 2002

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Cotter ◽  
Jean-François Rail
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Common Tern ◽  
Great Cormorant ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Black Guillemot ◽  
Northern Gannet ◽  
Leach’S Storm Petrel ◽  
Gaspe Peninsula ◽  
Atlantic Puffin ◽  
Gaspé Peninsula

In the tradition of the quinquennial census of seabirds in the Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along Québec’s North Shore, which began in 1925, this paper presents the results of the first three seabird censuses of the Gaspé Peninsula conducted in 1979, 1989, and 2002, with an emphasis on the third census and on changes in seabird populations that occurred between the second and third censuses. In 1979 the population of seabirds was estimated at 134,163 birds, and this increased 72% to 231,186 birds in 1989. The upward trend in population continued in the 1990s but less sharply. The 2002 census recorded 279,276 birds, a 21% increase over the second census. The seabird community of the Gaspé Peninsula comprises 14 species. In each of the three censuses, three species accounted for over 75% of the total seabird population: Northern Gannet, Black-legged Kittiwake, and Common Murre. Between 1989 and 2002, Common Eider, Northern Gannet, Great Cormorant, Ring-billed Gull, Razorbill, and Black Guillemot increased in numbers, whereas Herring Gull, Black-legged Kittiwake, and Common Tern all suffered declines. Populations for Double-crested Cormorant, Great Black-backed Gull, and Common Murre all remained stable. Very small populations (<25 birds) of Leach’s Storm-Petrel and Atlantic Puffin have been recorded during the censuses at only one location, Bonaventure Island. In the 2002 census there were no petrels observed, neither of adults nor of active burrows.À l’instar des inventaires quinquennaux des oiseaux marins dans les refuges d’oiseaux migrateurs de la Côte-Nord, entrepris en 1925, cet article présente les résultats des trois premiers inventaires complets des oiseaux de mer nicheurs en Gaspésie, menés en 1979, 1989 et 2002. Une attention particulière est mise sur le statut des espèces d’après le troisième inventaire, et sur les tendances des populations entre les deux derniers inventaires. En 1979, le nombre d’oiseaux marins nicheur était évalué à 134 163 oiseaux, puis ce total a augmenté de 72% pour atteindre 231 186 oiseaux en 1989. Cette tendance à la hausse a continué dans les années 90, mais moins rapidement. En 2002 l’estimation était de 279 276 oiseaux, soit une hausse de 21 % par rapport au deuxième inventaire. La communauté d’oiseaux de mer de la Gaspésie est formée de 14 espèces nicheuses. Dans chacun des trois inventaires, trois espèces représentaient plus de 75 % de la population totale des oiseaux marins: le Fou de Bassan, la Mouette tridactyle, et le Guillemot marmette. Entre 1989 et 2002, l’Eider à duvet, le Fou de Bassan, le Grand Cormoran, le Goéland à bec cerclé, le Petit Pingouin et le Guillemot à miroir ont vu leurs nombres croître, tandis que le Goéland argenté, la Mouette tridactyle et la Sterne pierregarin subissaient des déclins. Les populations de Cormoran à aigrettes, Goéland marin et Guillemot marmette sont demeurées stables. Les petites populations (<25 oiseaux) d’Océanite cul-blanc et de Macareux moine n’ont été vues durant ces inventaires qu’à l’île Bonaventure. Cependant, aucun nid actif d’océanite ne fut localisé à cet endroit en 2002.

scholarly journals First Off-Shore Site Bird Monitoring In Poland (Debki-Białogóra, 2002–2004)

The Ring ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Busse
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
The North ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Bird Monitoring ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Wintering Areas

Abstract Due to the presence along the Polish Baltic coast of migratory bird flyways from north-eastern European breeding grounds to wintering areas distributed on continental shelf waters of western and southwestern Europe, the area has been designated as a NATURA 2000 site (PLB 990002). Therefore the site of a planned off-shore wind farm in this area requires monitoring as to its potential influence on birds. This was the first such monitoring performed in Poland. The expanse of water covered by the research included the planned location of the wind farm as well as adjacent areas. A series of 15 investigative cruises were undertaken from the beginning of October to the beginning of May. The period of observations was divided into five seasons: early autumn, late autumn, winter, early spring and late spring. The standard method of counting birds on transects in the form of strips reaching 300 m from the ship was used in the research, as well as the ‘snapshot’ technique (scan with bands transect with snapshot technique). Additional observations were made from a point on the shore. In the study area maritime birds are present in low or moderate densities, with localized clusters. Two diving benthophagous species dominate: the Long-tailed Duck (58.9%) and the Velvet Scoter (34.3%). The next two commonest species have a share of over 1% within the community – the Common Scoter (3.2%) and the Herring Gull (2.4%). Other species are very uncommon. There is very high fluctuation in the number of birds both observed on the water surface and seen in the air. In the area studied no pronounced migratory passage of waterfowl was observed; the usual migratory flyways probably lie farther to the north and the birds observed in flight perform mainly local movements. Observed bird densities in the study area are considerably lower (52.0 ind./km2) than those estimated for the entire NATURA 2000 area (116.7 ind./km2). In the area of the planned wind farm densities are even lower (36.1 ind./km2, i.e. 31% of the NATURA 2000 level), while densities in neighbouring areas are still below the NATURA 2000 average. In the subsequent administrative procedure the area was not accepted as the location of the planned wind farm.

scholarly journals Seabird Breeding Colonies in East and North Greenland: A Baseline

ARCTIC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Boertmann ◽  
Flemming Merkel ◽  
Olivier Gilg
Keyword(s):  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Phalacrocorax Carbo ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Larus Fuscus ◽  
Common Eiders ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Great Cormorants ◽  
North Greenland

This paper presents the results of a number of aircraft- and boat-based surveys for seabird breeding colonies in East and North Greenland carried out in the period 2003 to 2018 and gives the first comprehensive overview of the distribution and size of the seabird breeding colonies in this remote and mainly uninhabited region. Seventeen seabird species breed in approximately 800 sites distributed very unevenly along the coasts, with high concentrations at the polynyas and long stretches with very few breeding seabirds. Climate changes are in full progress in East and North Greenland, especially affecting the sea ice regime, and seabirds are expected to respond to these changes in different ways. For example, since the 1980s, Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) have extended their breeding range more than two latitudinal degrees towards the north, now reaching the northernmost land on Earth. Lesser Black-backed Gulls (Larus fuscus) and Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) have immigrated, and Sabine’s Gulls (Xema sabini) have increased and extended their range. Besides presenting survey results, this report may also serve as a baseline for future studies of the abundance of breeding seabirds in East and North Greenland.

On Riccia marginata and related species (Ricciaceae, Marchantiophyta)

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Potemkin ◽  
T. Ahti
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Lake Ladoga ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Town

Riccia marginata Lindb. was described by S. O. Lindberg (1877) from the outskirts of the town of Sortavala near the north shore of Lake Ladoga, Republic of Karelia, Russia. The species has been forgotten in most recent liverwort accounts of Europe, including Russia. Lectotypification of R. marginata is provided. R. marginata shares most characters with R. beyrichiana Hampe ex Lehm. It differs from “typical” plants of R. beyrichiana in having smaller spores, with ± distinctly finely areolate to roughly papillose proximal surfaces and a narrower and shorter thallus, as well as in scarcity or absence of marginal hairs. It may represent continental populations of the suboceanic-submediterranean R. beyrichiana, known in Russia from the Leningrad Region and Karelia only. The variability of spore surfaces in R. beyrichiana is discussed and illustrated by SEM images. A comparison with the spores of R. bifurca Hoffm. is provided. The question how distinct R. marginata is from R. beyrichiana needs to be clarified by molecular studies in the future, when adequate material is available. R. marginata is for the time being, provisionally, included in R. beyrichiana.

Conflict, Population Movement, and Microscale Social Networks in Northern Iroquoian Archaeology

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-367
Author(s):  
Jennifer Birch ◽  
John P. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
The West ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
Specific Sequences

We employ social network analysis of collar decoration on Iroquoian vessels to conduct a multiscalar analysis of signaling practices among ancestral Huron-Wendat communities on the north shore of Lake Ontario. Our analysis focuses on the microscale of the West Duffins Creek community relocation sequence as well as the mesoscale, incorporating several populations to the west. The data demonstrate that network ties were stronger among populations in adjacent drainages as opposed to within drainage-specific sequences, providing evidence for west-to-east population movement, especially as conflict between Wendat and Haudenosaunee populations escalated in the sixteenth century. These results suggest that although coalescence may have initially involved the incorporation of peoples from microscale (local) networks, populations originating among wider mesoscale (subregional) networks contributed to later coalescent communities. These findings challenge previous models of village relocation and settlement aggregation that oversimplified these processes.

scholarly journals Foraging niche partitioning in sympatric seabird populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Petalas ◽  
Thomas Lazarus ◽  
Raphael A. Lavoie ◽  
Kyle H. Elliott ◽  
Mélanie F. Guigueno
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Niche Differentiation ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Foraging Range ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Prey Items

AbstractSympatric species must sufficiently differentiate aspects of their ecological niche to alleviate complete interspecific competition and stably coexist within the same area. Seabirds provide a unique opportunity to understand patterns of niche segregation among coexisting species because they form large multi-species colonies of breeding aggregations with seemingly overlapping diets and foraging areas. Recent biologging tools have revealed that colonial seabirds can differentiate components of their foraging strategies. Specifically, small, diving birds with high wing-loading may have small foraging radii compared with larger or non-diving birds. In the Gulf of St-Lawrence in Canada, we investigated whether and how niche differentiation occurs in four incubating seabird species breeding sympatrically using GPS-tracking and direct field observations of prey items carried by adults to chicks: the Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica), razorbill (Alca torda), common murre (Uria aalge), and black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Although there was overlap at foraging hotspots, all species differentiated in either diet (prey species, size and number) or foraging range. Whereas puffins and razorbills consumed multiple smaller prey items that were readily available closer to the colony, murres selected larger more diverse prey that were accessible due to their deeper diving capability. Kittiwakes compensated for their surface foraging by having a large foraging range, including foraging largely at a specific distant hotspot. These foraging habitat specialisations may alleviate high interspecific competition allowing for their coexistence, providing insight on multispecies colonial living.

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