scholarly journals Marsh Rice Rat, Oryzomys palustris, Predation on Forster's Tern, Sterna forsteri, Eggs in Coastal North Carolina

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
John H. Brunjes ◽  
W. David Webster
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Nesting Success ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Island Area ◽  
Harbor Island ◽  
Cedar Island ◽  
Marsh Rice Rat ◽  
Oryzomys Palustris

Nesting success of Forster’s Terns (Sterna forsteri) was examined on two small islands in the Cedar Island area of North Carolina. Forster’s Terns laid an average of 2.1 eggs per nest (n = 50) on Chainshot Island and 2.1 eggs per nest (n = 43) on Harbor Island in clutches that consisted of 1 to 3 eggs. On Chainshot Island every egg (n = 107) was lost to predation. On Harbor Island, 72 of 92 eggs were preyed upon. A trapping program, initiated on both islands, yielded 32 Marsh Rice Rats (Oryzomys palustris). Stomach contents of 23 rats were inspected, with 92.3% from Chainshot Island and 70% of the stomachs from Harbor Island containing yolk and feathers of Forster’s Terns.

scholarly journals Socio-ecology of the marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) and the spatio-temporal distribution of Bayou virus in coastal Texas

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyla S. Holsomback ◽  
Christopher J. Van Nice ◽  
Rachel N. Clark ◽  
Nancy E. McIntyre ◽  
Alisa A. Abuzeineh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Marsh Rice Rat ◽  
Oryzomys Palustris

Effects of age and photoperiod on reproduction and the spleen in the marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris)

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (4) ◽  
pp. R1249-R1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent E. Edmonds ◽  
Milton H. Stetson
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Reproductive Response ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Marsh Rice Rat ◽  
Oryzomys Palustris ◽  
Older Males

To examine the interactions between age and photoperiod on reproduction and spleen weights, we exposed adult male and female rice rats of various ages to photoperiods of 16:8-h light-dark photoperiods (16L:8D) or 12L:12D. After 10 wk, animals were killed and the following data were recorded: weights of testes, seminal vesicles, uterus, ovaries, body, and spleen and, in addition, vaginal patency. Young adult males displayed a greater degree of testicular and seminal vesicle regression in short photoperiods than did older males; the testes of most older males did not regress in response to short photoperiods. Spleen weight was unresponsive to short photoperiods in all males, but was affected by age. Females, however, exhibited reproductive organ regression and decreased vaginal patency in response to short photoperiods at all ages examined. Body weights were affected by photoperiod in young females, and, as in males, photoperiod had no effect on spleen weights. These data suggest that the reproductive response to photoperiod in adult male rice rats declines with age, whereas in adult females it does not.

scholarly journals Attenuated Amiloride-Sensitive Current and Augmented Calcium-Activated Chloride Current in Marsh Rice Rat (Oryzomys palustris) Airways

iScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 737-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Ping Kuan ◽  
Yan-Shin J. Liao ◽  
Katelyn M. Davis ◽  
Jonathan G. Messer ◽  
Jasenka Zubcevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Current ◽  
Marsh Rice Rat ◽  
Oryzomys Palustris

RESPONSE OF MARSH RICE RAT (ORYZOMYS PALUSTRIS) TO INUNDATION OF HABITAT

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa A. Abuzeineh ◽  
Robert D. Owen ◽  
Nancy E. McIntyre ◽  
Carl W. Dick ◽  
Richard E. Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marsh Rice Rat ◽  
Oryzomys Palustris

scholarly journals Maintenance of biodiversity on islands

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1829) ◽  
pp. 20160102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan A. Chisholm ◽  
Tak Fung ◽  
Deepthi Chimalakonda ◽  
James P. O'Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Island Biogeography ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Neutral Theory ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Island Area ◽  
Island Species ◽  
Theory Of Island Biogeography ◽  
Species Area

MacArthur and Wilson's theory of island biogeography predicts that island species richness should increase with island area. This prediction generally holds among large islands, but among small islands species richness often varies independently of island area, producing the so-called ‘small-island effect’ and an overall biphasic species–area relationship (SAR). Here, we develop a unified theory that explains the biphasic island SAR. Our theory's key postulate is that as island area increases, the total number of immigrants increases faster than niche diversity. A parsimonious mechanistic model approximating these processes reproduces a biphasic SAR and provides excellent fits to 100 archipelago datasets. In the light of our theory, the biphasic island SAR can be interpreted as arising from a transition from a niche-structured regime on small islands to a colonization–extinction balance regime on large islands. The first regime is characteristic of classic deterministic niche theories; the second regime is characteristic of stochastic theories including the theory of island biogeography and neutral theory. The data furthermore confirm our theory's key prediction that the transition between the two SAR regimes should occur at smaller areas, where immigration is stronger (i.e. for taxa that are better dispersers and for archipelagos that are less isolated).

scholarly journals Attenuated amiloride-sensitive current and augmented calcium-activated chloride current in marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) airways

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Ping Kuan ◽  
Yan-Shin J. Liao ◽  
Katelyn M. Davis ◽  
Jonathan G. Messer ◽  
Jasenka Zubcevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Airway Surface Liquid ◽  
Sea Salt Aerosols ◽  
Surface Liquid ◽  
Prolonged Heat ◽  
Marsh Rice Rat ◽  
Oryzomys Palustris ◽  
Epithelial Sodium Channel Enac

SummaryProlonged heat and sea salt aerosols pose a challenge for the mammalian airway, placing the protective airway surface liquid (ASL) at risk for desiccation. Thus, mammals inhabiting salt marshes might have acquired adaptations for ASL regulation. We studied the airways of the rice rat, a rodent that inhabits salt marshes. We discovered negligible Na+ transport through the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). In contrast, carbachol induced a large Cl− secretory current that was blocked by the calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) inhibitor CaCCinh-A01. Decreased mRNA expression of α, β, and γ ENaC, and increased mRNA expression of the CaCC transmembrane member 16A distinguished the rice rat airway. Rice rat airway cultures also secreted fluid in response to carbachol and displayed an exaggerated expansion of the ASL volume when challenged with 3.5% NaCl. These data suggest that the rice rat airway might possess unique ion transport adaptations to facilitate survival in the salt marsh environment.

scholarly journals The species-area relationship: new challenges for an old pattern

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark V. Lomolino
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Species Number ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Stochastic Variation ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Island Area ◽  
Species Area ◽  
Species Area Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

The species-area relationship (i.e., the relationship between area and the number of species found in that area) is one of longest and most frequently studied patterns in nature. Yet there remain some important and interesting questions on the nature of this relationship, its causality, quantification and application for both ecologists and conservation biologists. Traditionally, the species-area relationship describes the very general tendency for species number to increase with island area; a relationship whose slope declines (but remains positive) as area increases. The true relationship, however, may be much more complicated than this, and may in many cases approximate a sigmoidal relationship. On small islands, species number may vary independently of island area. Species richness then increases as we consider larger islands, but the curve eventually slows and asymptotes or levels off when richness equals that of the the source or mainland pool. The relationship may also include a secondary phase of increase in richness if island area becomes large enough to allow in situ speciation. Causal explanations for this relationship may, therefore, need to be multifactorial and include a range of processes from disturbance and stochastic variation in habitat quality on the very small islands, to ecological interactions, immigration, extinction and, finally, evolution on the larger islands.

scholarly journals Habitat associations of the marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) in freshwater wetlands of southern Illinois

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan W. Eubanks ◽  
Eric C. Hellgren ◽  
Jack R. Nawrot ◽  
Robert D. Bluett
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Southern Illinois ◽  
Marsh Rice Rat ◽  
Oryzomys Palustris
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