scholarly journals Diversity, Abundance and Distribution of Birds In and Around Kakum National Park in Respect to Habitat Type

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Sumaila ◽  
◽  
James Agyei-Ohemeng ◽  
Obour Richard ◽  
Asamoah Francis Boafo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Host species influence on flea (Siphonaptera) infection parameters of terrestrial micromammals in a temperate forest of Mexico

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-677
Author(s):  
Fernando Aguilar Montiel ◽  
Arturo Estrada-Torres ◽  
Roxana Acosta ◽  
Miguel Rubio-Godoy ◽  
Jorge Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Flea Species ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
La Malinche ◽  
Infection Parameters ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
La Malinche National Park ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

AbstractStudies of abundance and distribution of organisms are fundamental to ecology. The identity of host species is known to be one of the major factors influencing ectoparasitic flea abundance, but explanations are still needed regarding how host taxa influence abundance parameters of different flea species. This study was carried out at La Malinche National Park (LMNP), Tlaxcala, Mexico, where previously 11 flea species had been recorded on 8 host species. Our aims were to list micromammal flea species, to determine flea infection parameters [flea prevalence (FP) and flea mean abundance (FMA)] and to analyse the influence of host species on these parameters. A total of 16 species of fleas were identified from 1178 fleas collected from 14 species of 1274 micromammals captured with Sherman®traps from March 2014 to December 2015 in 18 sites at LMNP. Some host species influence FP and FMA, in particular,Microtus mexicanusandPeromyscus melanotisshowed particularly higher infection values than other host species.Plusaetis aztecusandPlusaetis sibynuswere identified as the most abundant flea species.

Responses of lizards to three experiments fires in the savanna forests of Kakadu National Park

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Trainor ◽  
JCZ Woinarski
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Savanna Communities ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Term Response

A species-rich lizard community responded variably to a range of experimental fire regimes in a tropical savanna. Heteronotia binoei was the only lizard species that showed a short-term response to fire, decreasing in abundance directly after the early- and late-burns. H. binoei and Diporiphora bilineata were significantly more abundant in early-burn treatments. Carlia amax was more abundant in unburnt and early-burn treatments. C. munda was more abundant in unburnt and early-burn sites. Differences in the relative abundance of species between treatments is attributed to site differences in vegetation structure, and fire-induced changes to the structure of habitat. Early-burn sites were significantly richer in lizard species (P< 0.05); however, overall lizard abundance, Shannon-Wiener diversity and Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) 1 and DCA 2 scores were not significantly different, suggesting that habitat partitioning has a stronger influence than the direct effects of fire. Many lizards were associated with a direct gradient of moisture availability, including a seepage assemblage, with Carlia gracilis and Sphenomorphus darwiniensis correlated with increased moisture, a well-developed canopy and abundant leaf litter. An assemblage associated with the drier end of the gradient included Carlia triacantha, Ctenotus kurnbudj, Diporiphora magna and D. bilineata. The lizard composition of most quadrats was intermediate along the moisture gradient and was associated with typical eucalypt savanna communities. Lizard species that largely are restricted to the moist seepage zones may be particularly sensitive to late dry-season fires which alter this habitat type.

scholarly journals Habitat use by mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni determined using stem bite diameters at point of browse, bite rates, and time budgets in the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon A. Tadesse ◽  
Burt P. Kotler
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Focal Animal ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Browse Species ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Abstract We studied the habitat use of mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni in the northern edge of the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia. The aims of this study were to: (1) measure and quantify habitat-specific stem bite diameters of mountain nyala foraging on common natural plant species in two major habitat types (i.e. grasslands versus woodlands), and (2) quantify the bite rates (number of bites per minute) and the activity time budgets of mountain nyala as functions of habitat type and sex-age category. We randomly laid out three transects in each habitat type. Following each transect, through focal animal observations, we assessed and quantified stem diameters at point of browse (dpb), bite rates, and time budgets of mountain nyala in grasslands versus woodlands. Stem dpb provide a measure of natural giving-up densities (GUDs) and can be used to assess foraging costs and efficiencies, with greater stem dpb corresponding to lower costs and greater efficiencies. The results showed that stem dpb, bite rates, induced vigilance, and proportion of time spent in feeding differed between habitats. In particular, mountain nyala had greater stem dpb, higher bite rates, and spent a greater proportion of their time in feeding and less in induced vigilance in the grasslands. In addition, adult females had the highest bite rates, and the browse species Solanum marginatum had the greatest stem dpb. Generally, grasslands provide the mountain nyala with several advantages over the woodlands, including offering lower foraging costs, greater safety, and more time for foraging. The study advocates how behavioural indicators and natural GUDs are used to examine the habitat use of the endangered mountain nyala through applying non-invasive techniques. We conclude that the resulting measures are helpful for guiding conservation and management efforts and could be applicable to a number of endangered wildlife species including the mountain nyala.

scholarly journals Aspects of the ecology and the behaviour of the Leopard Panthera pardus in the Kalahari desert

Koedoe ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Du P Bothma ◽  
E. A. N Le Riche
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Dense Vegetation ◽  
Kalahari Desert

Tracking in sand revealed data on hunting and kill rates, range, movements, activity, cover and water use, reproduction and interactions with other carnivores, by the leopard Panthera pardus in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. For leopards in the interior, 812,5 km of tracks were followed for 54 days, and 205,1 km for 15 days for females with cubs. In the Nossob riverbed 30,2 km of tracks were folowed in eight days. Medium-sized mammals featured prominently in the diet of all leopards, with prey used influenced by habitat type. Leopards in the interior moved greater distances than those in the Nossob riverbed. Leopards rested frequently at the onset and end of activity and used dense vegetation and aardvark Orycteropus afer and porcupine Hystrix africaeaustralis burrows as daytime cover. Leopards are independent of water, and females apparently have no definite breeding season. Lions Panthera leo dominate leopards, but the outcome of leopard/spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta encounters depend on the size of the leopard and the number of hyaenas in the pack. Leopards in the Kalahari Desert are opportunists which occupy this harsh envi- ronment successfully.

scholarly journals Analysis of The Javan Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) Habitat in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park, East Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Jarwadi Budi Hernowo ◽  
Cecep Kusmana ◽  
Hadi Sukadi Alikodra ◽  
Ani Mardiastuti
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Habitat Analysis ◽  
Nesting Site ◽  
Site Characteristic ◽  
Typical Habitat ◽  
And Function ◽  
Green Peafowl

Information of javan green peafowl habitat is commontly informate as general and only discribing typical habitat used. Details information and data of the componen habitat, availability and function such as (food resources, shelter, cover, drinking site, nesting site, etc), and characteristic function of habitat componen at every habitat type are very important to be known how habitat component support to the javan green peafowl live Baluran and Alas Purwo national park is one of distribution javan green peafowl and it was choosen to study on the habitat analysis. The research was aimed to is to analysis and synthesis of availability, fucntion and characteristic habitat of javan green peafowl and to descripbe of ideal habitat for javan green peafowl. Vegetation analysis was used as method approach to obtain composition, structure of vegetation and potential food, shelter, cover and nesting site. Base on activities of the bird and combaining with use of habitat component, analysis of habitat used was done. The result showed that javan green peafowl get food at open area and feed much on grasses and shrubs.Drinking site is areal where water available contiously. The characteristic of feeding site is open area which is growth by grasses and shrubs. The shelter sites were used by the birds such as trees or ground bellow trees where are closed to feeding site. Characteristic roosting site is tall trees (emergent trees), the leaves are not dense, rather open, the branches of the trees form a relatively upright angle to the stem, and not far from the trees present the open area. The green peafowl select nest places at open area which is grow by shrubs and put the eggs at the ground. The ideally habitat of the javan green peafowl composed by open area which is growing by grasses and shrubs as feeding site, places where water resources available as drinking site, tree or shaded places as sheltering and resting site, tree, forest or dense shrubs for covering/refuge site, dust places for dusting activities, open area for dancing and open area which is growing by shrubs for nested places were compound closed each other.

scholarly journals Patterns of Species Richness and Abundance in Badingilo National Park in South Sudan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Francis Lado ◽  
David Gwolo Phanuel Mogga ◽  
Richard Angelo Lado Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Riverine Habitat ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Point Count Method

The study was carried out to determine patterns of birds’ species richness, alpha and beta diversities; and abundance in Badingilo national park using a 10 m fixed-radius point count method. A total of 2670 individuals were recorded from 182 points in the park. The highest expected number of species (Jack1 estimator) was observed in the Riverine habitat and least was in the Agriculture and Human settlement habitat type. The total number of species observed in the park was 63; however Jack1 estimator indicated that there were 68 species in the park. The majority of the birds observed during the study were resident species, few migratory and Palaearctic bird species. Few birds observed in the park were abundant. The most abundant species was the village weaver (381 individuals), and the rarest species were black-bellied bustard, barn owl, black scimitar bill and tree pipit (one individual each).

scholarly journals Littoral macroinvertebrate communities of alpine lakes along an elevational gradient (Hohe Tauern National Park, Austria)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0255619
Author(s):  
Anne Bartels ◽  
Ulrike G. Berninger ◽  
Florian Hohenberger ◽  
Stephen Wickham ◽  
Jana S. Petermann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Alpine Lakes ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Rocky Habitats ◽  
Lake Size ◽  
Habitat Parameters

Alpine lakes support unique communities which may respond with great sensitivity to climate change. Thus, an understanding of the drivers of the structure of communities inhabiting alpine lakes is important to predict potential changes in the future. To this end, we sampled benthic macroinvertebrate communities and measured environmental variables (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, nitrate, turbidity, blue-green algal phycocyanin, chlorophyll-a) as well as structural parameters (habitat type, lake size, maximum depth) in 28 lakes within Hohe Tauern National Park, Austria, between altitudes of 2,000 and 2,700 m a.s.l. The most abundant macroinvertebrate taxa that we found were Chironomidae and Oligochaeta. Individuals of Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Tricladida, Trombidiformes, Veneroida were found across the lakes and determined to family level. Oligochaeta were not determined further. Generalized linear modeling and permanova were used to identify the impact of measured parameters on macroinvertebrate communities. We found that where rocky habitats dominated the lake littoral, total macroinvertebrate abundance and family richness were lower while the ratio of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) was higher. Zoo- and phytoplankton densities were measured in a subset of lakes but were not closely associated with macroinvertebrate abundance or family richness. With increasing elevation, macroinvertebrate abundances in small and medium-sized lakes increased while they decreased in large lakes, with a clear shift in community composition (based on families). Our results show that habitat parameters (lake size, habitat type) have a major influence on benthic macroinvertebrate community structure whereas elevation itself did not show any significant effects on communities. However, even habitat parameters are likely to change under climate change scenarios (e.g. via increased erosion) and this may affect alpine lake macroinvertebrates.

Foraging ecology of coyotes (Canis latrans): the influence of extrinsic factors and a dominance hierarchy

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Gese ◽  
Robert L. Ruff ◽  
Robert L. Crabtree
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
National Park ◽  
Canis Latrans ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Activity Budgets ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Time Activity

We examined the influence of intrinsic (age, sex, and social status) and extrinsic (snow depth, snowpack hardness, temperature, available ungulate carcass biomass) factors in relation to time–activity budgets of coyotes (Canis latrans) in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. We observed 54 coyotes (49 residents from 5 packs, plus 5 transients) for 2507 h from January 1991 to June 1993. Snow depth, ungulate carcass biomass, and habitat type influenced the amount of time coyotes rested, travelled, hunted small mammals, and fed on carcasses. Coyotes decreased travelling and hunting and increased resting and feeding on carcasses as snow depth and available carcass biomass increased. Age and social status of the coyote influenced activity budgets. During times of deep snow and high carcass biomass, pups fed less on carcasses and hunted small mammals more than alpha and beta coyotes. Pups apparently were restricted by older pack members from feeding on a carcass. Thus, pups adopted a different foraging strategy by spending more time hunting small mammals. Coyotes spent most of their time hunting small mammals in mesic meadows and shrub–meadows, where prey densities were highest. Prey-detection rates and prey-capture rates explained 78 and 84%, respectively, of the variation in the amount of time coyotes spent hunting small mammals in each habitat in each winter. Our findings strongly suggested that resource partitioning, as mediated by defense by older coyotes, occurred among coyote pack members in Yellowstone National Park.

Does water depth influence size composition of estuary-associated fish? Distributions revealed using mobile acoustic-camera transects along the channel of a small shallow estuary

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Becker ◽  
Alan K. Whitfield ◽  
Paul D. Cowley ◽  
Victoria J. Cole
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Estuarine Fish ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Shallow Estuary ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Quantifying the abundance and distribution of fish is fundamental to gaining an understanding of how habitat type, water depth or abiotic conditions influence fish assemblages throughout estuarine systems. Such investigations are inherently difficult because estuaries typically contain a range of habitats across varying depth strata, and data usually consist of replicate samples that cover only a small portion of an entire estuary. We used replicate acoustic-camera (DIDSON) transects along the entire length of a small South African estuary to determine the distributions of different size cohorts of fish. Each size cohort was distributed heterogeneously along the estuary, with abundances peaking in discreet sections of the system. By comparing the abundance of fish to the bathymetry, we found correlations between depth and abundance for two of three size classes. Large fish (>401mm) were more abundant in deep holes (<3m), whereas there were more small fish (100–250mm) in shallow (>1.5m) upper reaches of the estuary. This investigation demonstrated the usefulness of extended DIDSON transects to rapidly collect data on the distributional abundance of estuarine fish from the estuary mouth to the head, showing that bathymetry of a system may be an important factor in determining these patterns.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document