scholarly journals Strategies to increase the pharmacist workforce in rural and remote Australia: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kehinde Obamiro ◽  
Wubshet Tesfaye ◽  
Tony Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Pharmacist Workforce

Disaster Management in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-369
Author(s):  
Katie A. Willson ◽  
Gerard J. FitzGerald ◽  
David Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Primary Health

AbstractObjective:This scoping review aims to map the roles of rural and remote primary health care professionals (PHCPs) during disasters.Introduction:Disasters can have catastrophic impacts on society and are broadly classified into natural events, man-made incidents, or a mixture of both. The PHCPs working in rural and remote communities face additional challenges when dealing with disasters and have significant roles during the Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery (PPRR) stages of disaster management.Methods:A Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology was utilized, and the search was conducted over seven electronic databases according to a priori protocol.Results:Forty-one papers were included and sixty-one roles were identified across the four stages of disaster management. The majority of disasters described within the literature were natural events and pandemics. Before a disaster occurs, PHCPs can build individual resilience through education. As recognized and respected leaders within their community, PHCPs are invaluable in assisting with disaster preparedness through being involved in organizations’ planning policies and contributing to natural disaster and pandemic surveillance. Key roles during the response stage include accommodating patient surge, triage, maintaining the health of the remaining population, instituting infection control, and ensuring a team-based approach to mental health care during the disaster. In the aftermath and recovery stage, rural and remote PHCPs provide long-term follow up, assisting patients in accessing post-disaster support including delivery of mental health care.Conclusion:Rural and remote PHCPs play significant roles within their community throughout the continuum of disaster management. As a consequence of their flexible scope of practice, PHCPs are well-placed to be involved during all stages of disaster, from building of community resilience and contributing to early alert of pandemics, to participating in the direct response when a disaster occurs and leading the way to recovery.

scholarly journals Global stakeholder perspectives of home birth: a systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginny Brunton ◽  
Samira Wahab ◽  
Hassan Sheikh ◽  
Beth Murray Davis
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Home Birth ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives

AbstractHome birth is experienced by people very differently worldwide. These experiences likely differ by the type of stakeholder involved (women, their support persons, birth attendants, policy-makers), the experience itself (low-risk birth, transfer to hospital, previous deliveries), and by the health system within which home birth occurs (e.g., high-resource versus low- and middle-resource countries). Research evidence of stakeholders’ perspectives of home birth could usefully inform personal and policy decisions about choosing and providing home birth, but the current literature is fragmented and its breadth is not fully understood.We conducted a systematic scoping review to understand how the research literature on stakeholders’ perspectives of home birth is characterized in terms of populations, settings and identified issues, and what potential gaps exist in the research evidence. A range of electronic, web-based and key informant sources of evidence were searched. Located references were assessed, data extracted, and descriptively analyzed using robust methods.Our analysis included 460 full reports. Findings from 210 reports of studies in high-resource countries suggested that research with fathers and same-sex partners, midwives, and vulnerable populations and perspectives of freebirth and transfer to hospital could be synthesized. Gaps in primary research exist with respect to family members, policy makers, and those living in rural and remote locations. A further 250 reports of studies in low- and middle-resource countries suggested evidence for syntheses related to fathers and other family members, policy makers, and other health care providers and examination of issues related to emergency transfer to hospital, rural and remote home birth, and those who birth out of hospital, often at home, despite receiving antenatal care intended to increase healthcare-seeking behavior. Gaps in primary research suggest an examination is needed of perspectives in countries with higher maternal mortality and among first-time mothers and young mothers.Our scoping review identified a considerable body of research evidence on stakeholder perspectives of home birth. These could inform the complex factors influencing personal decisions and health system planning around home birth in both high- and low- and middle-resource countries. Future primary research is warranted on specific stakeholders worldwide and with vulnerable populations in areas of high maternal mortality.

scholarly journals Use of telehealth in the provision of after-hours palliative care services in rural and remote Australia: A scoping review protocol

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261962
Author(s):  
Pathmavathy Namasivayam ◽  
Dung T. Bui ◽  
Christine Low ◽  
Tony Barnett ◽  
Heather Bridgman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Palliative Care Services ◽  
After Hours

Introduction After-hours services are essential in ensuring patients with life limiting illness and their caregivers are supported to enable continuity of care. Telehealth is a valuable approach to meeting after-hours support needs of people living with life-limiting illness, their families, and caregivers in rural and remote communities. It is important to explore the provision of after-hours palliative care services using telehealth to understand the reach of these services in rural and remote Australia. A preliminary search of databases failed to reveal any scoping or systematic reviews of telehealth in after-hours palliative care services in rural or remote Australia. Aim To review and map the available evidence about the use of telehealth in providing after-hours palliative care services in Australian rural and remote communities. Methods The proposed scoping review will be conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework and in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. The reporting of the scoping review will be guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). This review will consider research and evaluation of after-hours services using telehealth for palliative care stakeholders in rural and remote Australia. Peer reviewed studies and grey literature published in English from 2000 to May 2021 will be included. Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, Embase via Ovid, PsycINFO via Ovid, Emcare via Ovid, Medline via Ovid, and grey literature will be searched for relevant articles. Titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers for assessment against the inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted and analysed by two reviewers using an adapted data extraction tool and thematic analysis techniques. Diagrams, tables, and summary narratives will be used to map, summarise and thematically group the characteristics of palliative care telehealth services in rural and remote Australia, including stakeholders’ perceptions and benefits and challenges of the services.

scholarly journals Alcohol use and alcohol-related harm in rural and remote communities: protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e036753
Author(s):  
Erik Loewen Friesen ◽  
Paul Kurdyak
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Alcohol Related Harm ◽  
Related Harm

IntroductionAlcohol-related harm is a major public health concern and appears to be particularly problematic in rural and remote communities. Evidence from several countries has shown that the prevalence of harmful alcohol use and alcohol-attributable hospitalisations and emergency department visits are higher in rural and remote communities than in urban centres. The extents of this rural–urban disparity in alcohol-related harm as well as the factors that mediate it are poorly understood. The objective of this scoping review is to synthesise the international research on the factors that influence the prevalence or risk of alcohol-related harm in rural and remote communities. This will help to clarify the conceptual landscape of rural and remote alcohol research and identify the gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will access published literature through search strategies developed for Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Sociological Abstracts. There will be no date, country or language restrictions placed on the search. Title and abstract, followed by full-text screening, will be conducted by two independent reviewers to evaluate all identified articles against a set of prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data from selected articles will be extracted and compiled into a final manuscript that adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist guidelines.Ethics and disseminationThe results of this review will be helpful in guiding future research on rural and remote alcohol use and alcohol-related harm, which will inform more effective, evidence-based public health strategies to reduce alcohol-related harm in rural and remote communities. The results will be disseminated via field-specific conference presentations and peer-reviewed publication.

scholarly journals University-based initiatives towards better access to oral health care for rural and remote populations: A scoping review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e0217658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Shrivastava ◽  
Frances Power ◽  
Farzeen Tanwir ◽  
Jocelyne Feine ◽  
Elham Emami
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Rural And Remote

Self-management of diabetes and associated comorbidities in rural and remote communities: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodil Rasmussen ◽  
Karen Wynter ◽  
Helen A. Rawson ◽  
Helen Skouteris ◽  
Nicola Ivory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Remote Communities

scholarly journals Rural primary care: a scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bosmans ◽  
W G W Boerma ◽  
P P Groenewegen
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Rural Primary Care ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Access To Primary Care

Abstract Background Access to primary care is unequally distributed. Especially in rural and remote areas access to primary care services is problematic. As many countries, large and small, recognize the challenge of providing accessible and good quality primary care and implement different strategies to address this challenge, there are opportunities for cross-national learning. The main aim of this report is to provide information on best practices and solutions to counter the risk of a primary care vacuum in rural and remote areas. Methods In this scoping review of the literature on primary care in rural areas we made an inventory of evidence from research of the past 10 years. The research literature from January 2008 to June 2018 was captured through searches of the databases of Medline, Cochrane and EMBASE. In addition, we included relevant grey literature from within the WHO European region. Results The following four groups of strategies have been identified and can be used to address rural primary care shortages: substituting roles within multidisciplinary primary care teamssmart recruitment, retention and training strategies focused on staff in rural areasimplementing technological innovations in information and communicationas a short term solution: promoting the mobility of health care workers and patients Conclusions The evidence base with regard to interventions to improve access to primary care in rural areas is narrow, lacking sufficient methodologically sound research, making definitive conclusions about their effectiveness impossible. Additionally, the available evidence is biased towards programmes targeting physicians. Nevertheless, the literature does offer indications of promising intervention types, and provides valuable recommendations for their implementation. Key messages Implementation of strategies should always be accompanied by systematic monitoring of outcomes. Interventions should include primary care workers other than physicians.

scholarly journals Global stakeholder perspectives of home birth: a systematic scoping review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginny Brunton ◽  
Samira Wahab ◽  
Hassan Sheikh ◽  
Beth Murray Davis
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Home Birth ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives

Abstract Home birth is experienced by people very differently worldwide. These experiences likely differ by the type of stakeholder involved (women, their support persons, birth attendants, policy-makers), the experience itself (low-risk birth, transfer to hospital, previous deliveries), and by the health system within which home birth occurs (e.g. high-resource versus low- and middle-resource countries). Research evidence of stakeholders’ perspectives of home birth could usefully inform personal and policy decisions about choosing and providing home birth, but the current literature is fragmented and its breadth is not fully understood. We conducted a systematic scoping review to understand how the research literature on stakeholders’ perspectives of home birth is characterized in terms of populations, settings and identified issues, and what potential gaps exist in the research evidence. A range of electronic, web-based and key informant sources of evidence were searched. Located references were assessed, data extracted and analysed using robust methods. Our analysis included 387 full reports. Findings from 181 reports of studies in high-resource countries suggested that research with fathers, midwives and vulnerable populations and perspectives of freebirth and transfer to hospital could be synthesized, but gaps in primary research exist with respect to family members, policy makers, and those living in rural and remote locations. A further 206 reports of studies in low- and middle-resource countries suggested evidence for syntheses related to fathers and other family members, policy makers and other health care providers, and examination of issues related to emergency transfer to hospital, rural and remote home birth and those who birth out of hospital, often at home, despite receiving antenatal care intended to increase healthcare-seeking behaviour. Gaps in primary research suggest an examination is needed of perspectives in countries with higher maternal mortality, and among first-time mothers and young mothers. Our scoping review identified a considerable body of research evidence on stakeholder perspectives of home birth. These could inform the complex factors influencing personal decisions and health system planning around home birth in both high- and low- and middle-resource countries. Future primary research is warranted on specific stakeholders worldwide and with vulnerable populations in areas of high maternal mortality.

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