scholarly journals The decision-making processes of pharmacists in inland Australia - a pilot study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Madden ◽  
Patrick Ball
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Decision Making Processes

A Study of Organizational Narrative Simulation for Decision Support

2013 ◽  
pp. 179-192
Author(s):  
C. L. Yeung ◽  
C. F. Cheung ◽  
W. M. Wang ◽  
E. Tsui
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Reference Site ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Organizational Narrative ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Narrative Simulation

This paper presents an overview of current decision making approaches. For some approaches abstract information is provided, whereas others require a large amount of labor and time resources to facilitate decision making. However, few address the issues of assisting participants in learning how to make decisions and provide prompt responses to the situations. Harnessing lessons learned from making inappropriate decisions is expensive. To redress this problem, this paper presents a pilot study of the investigation of the psychological behaviors of humans to improve decision making processes with the use of organizational narrative simulation (ONS). By using the ONS method, possible and plausible narrative-based environments can be simulated. Participants can take actions based on their decisions; they can also observe the changes and the consequences. The decisions for handling new challenges generated purposely are validated in a trial that allows prompt responses to the situations. The ONS method is implemented in a selected reference site. The implementation processes, findings, and benefits are presented.

A Study of Organizational Narrative Simulation for Decision Support

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-41
Author(s):  
C. L. Yeung ◽  
C. F. Cheung ◽  
W. M. Wang ◽  
E. Tsui
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Reference Site ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Organizational Narrative ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Narrative Simulation

This paper presents an overview of current decision making approaches. For some approaches abstract information is provided, whereas others require a large amount of labor and time resources to facilitate decision making. However, few address the issues of assisting participants in learning how to make decisions and provide prompt responses to the situations. Harnessing lessons learned from making inappropriate decisions is expensive. To redress this problem, this paper presents a pilot study of the investigation of the psychological behaviors of humans to improve decision making processes with the use of organizational narrative simulation (ONS). By using the ONS method, possible and plausible narrative-based environments can be simulated. Participants can take actions based on their decisions; they can also observe the changes and the consequences. The decisions for handling new challenges generated purposely are validated in a trial that allows prompt responses to the situations. The ONS method is implemented in a selected reference site. The implementation processes, findings, and benefits are presented.

Linguistic Analysis of Clinical Communications

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esa Rantanen ◽  
Cecilia Ovesdotter Alm ◽  
Tracy Worrell ◽  
Nancy Valentage ◽  
Nick Iuliucci
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Decision Making Under Uncertainty ◽  
Clinical Consultation ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Patterns Of Communication ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Patient Consultation

This project took a unique perspective on the investigation of decision making in healthcare by examining clinician-patient consultation using methods from linguistics and communication. Our goal was to identify cognitive and behavioral patterns in interactions of clinicians-in-trainings with patients that correspond to decision making processes in time constrained situations. Objective measures of clinician-patient communications in both naturalistic and simulated settings is a promising way to examine clinician decision making under uncertainty and time pressure, and to identify specific errors in decision making that may lead to misdiagnoses. We sought to detect distinguishable patterns of communication adopted by clinicians-in-training in clinical consultation settings under time pressure. A pilot study reported in this paper provides objective measurement tools to study miscommunication within clinician-patient consultations and may positively influence the treatments and services offered within patient consultations.

Moral Judgment and Empathic/Deontological Guilt

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 1395-1411
Author(s):  
Simone Migliore ◽  
Giulia D’Aurizio ◽  
Francesca Parisi ◽  
Sabrina Maffi ◽  
Barbara Squitieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Moral Imperative ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Fourth Condition ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Moral Condition ◽  
The Subject

Background People often make complicated decisions to help or to punish perfect strangers. Harming someone or breaking some moral imperative is usually linked to feeling guilt, and several researches suggested the existence of two different kinds of guilt: altruistic/empathic and deontological. Aim Our study aimed to investigate the decision-making processes in moral and nonmoral judgments and assess how specific situations in which the subject is close to the victim or flanked by an authority can influence his decisions. Methods We used three different moral conditions: Empathic Moral (the decision has made while physically close to the potential victims), Deontological Moral (the decision has made while flanked by an “authority”), and Standard Moral (without any influence); a fourth condition is represented by Nonmoral dilemmas (the subject must make a choice between two different things and this does not cause any harm or victims). Previously, a pilot study was carried out for validating the experimental stories to be used in the main study. Results We observed a higher number of utilitarian/positive responses when individuals had to respond to Empathic Moral condition, with respect to Deontological Moral and Nonmoral dilemmas. Moreover, looking at the time needed to read the dilemma, under empathic guilt condition, people tended to be slower in reading the dilemmas than in other conditions and this both in case of positive and negative responses. No significant differences in time needed to effectively respond emerged. Conclusions These findings suggested that be physically close to potential victims or be flanked by an “authority” differentially influence the decision-making processes in moral judgment, inducing slower decisions and more utilitarian answers, particularly in the scenario of physical proximity.

How the ANES Used Online Commons Proposals and Pilot Study Reports to Develop Its 2008 Questionnaires

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon A. Krosnick ◽  
Arthur Lupia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
General Election ◽  
Large Set ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Two Stages

This chapter describes the manner by which the ANES converted the insights of many people into strong and innovative questionnaires. This description is broken into two stages to reflect the nature of the decision-making processes. The first stage began in 2006, two years before the general election of 2008. The chapter describes how a large set of new questions were evaluated and which questions were to be included in the 2006 Pilot Study. The second stage began about six weeks after the pilot study, when the data was released to the public. This period started at the end of 2006 and continued into the early months of 2008. The chapter looks at how the Pilot Study Reports from the period were evaluated and how these evaluations affected choices of which questions would appear on one or more of the 2008 studies.

Cognitive Processing of Miscommunication in Interactive Listening: An Evaluation of Listener Indecision and Cognitive Effort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Roche ◽  
Arkady Zgonnikov ◽  
Laura M. Morett
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Mouse Tracking ◽  
Computer Mouse ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Computer Mouse Tracking ◽  
Listening Task ◽  
Processing Effort

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the social and cognitive underpinnings of miscommunication during an interactive listening task. Method An eye and computer mouse–tracking visual-world paradigm was used to investigate how a listener's cognitive effort (local and global) and decision-making processes were affected by a speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication. Results Experiments 1 and 2 found that an environmental cue that made a miscommunication more or less salient impacted listener language processing effort (eye-tracking). Experiment 2 also indicated that listeners may develop different processing heuristics dependent upon the speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication, exerting a significant impact on cognition and decision making. We also found that perspective-taking effort and decision-making complexity metrics (computer mouse tracking) predict language processing effort, indicating that instances of miscommunication produced cognitive consequences of indecision, thinking, and cognitive pull. Conclusion Together, these results indicate that listeners behave both reciprocally and adaptively when miscommunications occur, but the way they respond is largely dependent upon the type of ambiguity and how often it is produced by the speaker.

“It's Not Humanly Possible to Do Everything”: Perspectives on Intervention Decision-Making Processes of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erinn Finke ◽  
Kathryn Drager ◽  
Elizabeth C. Serpentine
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individualized Education Program ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Interview Methodology ◽  
Communication Interventions

Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to understand the decision-making processes used by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) related to communication-based interventions. Method Qualitative interview methodology was used. Data were gathered through interviews. Each parent had a child with ASD who was at least four-years-old; lived with their child with ASD; had a child with ASD without functional speech for communication; and used at least two different communication interventions. Results Parents considered several sources of information for learning about interventions and provided various reasons to initiate and discontinue a communication intervention. Parents also discussed challenges introduced once opinions of the school individualized education program (IEP) team had to be considered. Conclusions Parents of children with ASD primarily use individual decision-making processes to select interventions. This discrepancy speaks to the need for parents and professionals to share a common “language” about interventions and the decision-making process.

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