Evaluation of El Niño-Southern Oscillation in the ACCESS coupled model simulations for CMIP5

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Rashid ◽  
A Sullivan ◽  
A Hirst ◽  
D Bi ◽  
X Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
Model Simulations

scholarly journals Correction to: The impact of stochastic physics on the El Niño Southern Oscillation in the EC-Earth coupled model

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 2479-2479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxue Yang ◽  
Hannah M. Christensen ◽  
Susanna Corti ◽  
Jost von Hardenberg ◽  
Paolo Davini
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stochastic Physics

A simple ocean-atmosphere coupled model for the origin of a warm El Niño Southern Oscillation event

1989 ◽  
Vol 329 (1604) ◽  
pp. 225-236 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Mature Phase ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere

A simple ocean-atmosphere coupled model is developed to investigate the evolution of a warm El Niño event in the tropical Pacific Ocean. In the absence of climatological winds the model readily evolves a realistic eastward-propagating structure provided that warm sea surface temperature (sst) covers the entire equatorial ocean uniformly. The final state of the model is similar to the mature phase of El Niño. In the presence of realistic climatological winds, however, the model behaves in a different way. It remains in a cold La Nina phase without showing any significant eastward propagation of an air-sea coupled coherent structure. Based on these model results and recent data analyses on the tropospheric quasi-biennial oscillation, it is argued that the Asian summer monsoon before and after the warm phase of El Niño Southern Oscillation is possible.

scholarly journals On the role of oceanic entrainment temperature (<I>T</I><sub>e</sub>) in decadal changes of El Niño/Southern Oscillation

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhu ◽  
G. Zhou ◽  
R.-H. Zhang ◽  
Z. Sun
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation

Abstract. The role of decadal changes in ocean thermal structure in modulating El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) properties was examined using a hybrid coupled model (HCM), consisting of a statistical atmospheric model and an oceanic general circulation model (OGCM) with an explicitly embedded empirical parameterization for the temperature of subsurface water entrained into the mixed layer (Te), which was constructed via an EOF analysis of model-based historical data. Using the empirical Te models constructed from two subperiods, 1963–1979 (Te63−79) and 1980–1996 (Te80−96), the coupled system exhibits striking different properties of interannual variability, including oscillation periods and the propagation characteristic of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) along the equator. In the Te63−79 run, the model features a 2–3 yr oscillation and a westward propagation of SSTAs along the equator, while in the Te80−96 run, it is characterized by a 4–5 yr oscillation and an eastward propagation. Furthermore, a Lag Covariance Analysis (LCOA) was utilized to illustrate the leading physical processes responsible for decadal change in SST. It is shown that the change in the structure of Te acts to modulate the relative strength of the zonal advective and thermocline feedbacks in the coupled system, leading to changes in ENSO properties. Two additional sensitive experiments were conducted to further illustrate the respective roles of the changes in ocean mean states and in Te in modulating ENSO behaviors. These decadal changes in the simulated ENSO properties are consistent with the observed shift occurred in the late 1970s and a previous simulation performed with an intermediate coupled model (ICM) described in Zhang and Busalacchi (2005), indicating a dominant role Te plays in decadal ENSO changes.

scholarly journals Stratospheric geoengineering impacts on El Niño/Southern Oscillation

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (20) ◽  
pp. 11949-11966 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Gabriel ◽  
A. Robock
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
Representative Concentration Pathway ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
The Tropical Pacific

Abstract. To examine the impact of proposed stratospheric geoengineering schemes on the amplitude and frequency of El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variations we examine climate model simulations from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) G1–G4 experiments. Here we compare tropical Pacific behavior under anthropogenic global warming (AGW) using several scenarios: an instantaneous quadrupling of the atmosphere's CO2 concentration, a 1 % annual increase in CO2 concentration, and the representative concentration pathway resulting in 4.5 W m−2 radiative forcing at the end of the 21st century, the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 scenario, with that under G1–G4 and under historical model simulations. Climate models under AGW project relatively uniform warming across the tropical Pacific over the next several decades. We find no statistically significant change in ENSO frequency or amplitude under stratospheric geoengineering as compared with those that would occur under ongoing AGW, although the relative brevity of the G1–G4 simulations may have limited detectability of such changes. We also find that the amplitude and frequency of ENSO events do not vary significantly under either AGW scenarios or G1–G4 from the variability found within historical simulations or observations going back to the mid-19th century. Finally, while warming of the Niño3.4 region in the tropical Pacific is fully offset in G1 and G2 during the 40-year simulations, the region continues to warm significantly in G3 and G4, which both start from a present-day climate.

scholarly journals Stratospheric geoengineering impacts on El Niño/Southern Oscillation

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 9173-9202 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Gabriel ◽  
A. Robock
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. To examine the impact of proposed stratospheric geoengineering schemes on the amplitude and frequency of El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variations we examine climate model simulations from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) G1–G4 experiments. Here we compare tropical Pacific behavior under anthropogenic global warming (AGW) using the representative concentration pathway resulting in 4.5 W m−2 radiative forcing at the end of the 21st Century, the RCP4.5 scenario, with that under G1–G4 and under historical model simulations. Climate models under AGW project relatively uniform warming across the tropical Pacific over the next several decades. We find no statistically significant change in ENSO frequency or amplitude under stratospheric geoengineering as compared with those that would occur under ongoing AGW.

scholarly journals Stochastic Parameterization and El Niño–Southern Oscillation

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Christensen ◽  
Judith Berner ◽  
Danielle R. B. Coleman ◽  
T. N. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Multiplicative Noise ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
Convective Heating ◽  
Community Atmosphere Model

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of interannual variability in the tropical Pacific. However, the models in the ensemble from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) have large deficiencies in ENSO amplitude, spatial structure, and temporal variability. The use of stochastic parameterizations as a technique to address these pervasive errors is considered. The multiplicative stochastically perturbed parameterization tendencies (SPPT) scheme is included in coupled integrations of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4). The SPPT scheme results in a significant improvement to the representation of ENSO in CAM4, improving the power spectrum and reducing the magnitude of ENSO toward that observed. To understand the observed impact, additive and multiplicative noise in a simple delayed oscillator (DO) model of ENSO is considered. Additive noise results in an increase in ENSO amplitude, but multiplicative noise can reduce the magnitude of ENSO, as was observed for SPPT in CAM4. In light of these results, two complementary mechanisms are proposed by which the improvement occurs in CAM. Comparison of the coupled runs with a set of atmosphere-only runs indicates that SPPT first improve the variability in the zonal winds through perturbing the convective heating tendencies, which improves the variability of ENSO. In addition, SPPT improve the distribution of westerly wind bursts (WWBs), important for initiation of El Niño events, by increasing the stochastic component of WWB and reducing the overly strong dependency on SST compared to the control integration.

scholarly journals The impact of stochastic physics on the El Niño Southern Oscillation in the EC-Earth coupled model

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 2843-2859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxue Yang ◽  
Hannah M. Christensen ◽  
Susanna Corti ◽  
Jost von Hardenberg ◽  
Paolo Davini
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stochastic Physics
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