scholarly journals Morphological and functional characteristics of cryopreserved multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue and tendons

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Volkovа ◽  
M. Yukhta ◽  
A. Goltsev

The aim of study was to comparatively evaluate the morphological and functional properties of cryopreserved multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) from bone marrow, fat and tendon.Materials and methods. MMSC cultures obtained from rat bone marrow, fat and tendon. The cells was cryopreserved under protection of 10 % DMSO and 20% FBS with cooling rate of 1 deg/min down to -80°C followed by plunging into liquid nitrogen. In the studied cultures the membrane integrity, immunophenotype, ability to colony formation, proliferative characteristics (MTT-test), directed differentiation and type I collagen synthesis were evaluated.Results. Investigated cryopreserved cell culture derived from bone marrow, tendon and adipose tissue had high membrane integrity indicators, colony formation and proliferation as well as the ability to directional adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. The analysis of immunophenotype showed that the tested cryopreserved MMSCs culture characterized by high levels of expression (≥90 %) of CD44, CD90, CD105, CD73 and low expression (≤1 %) of hematopoietic marker CD45. Cryopreserved bone marrow MMSCs were characterized by a high content of cells that synthesized type I collagen as compared to cultures which were derived from fat and tendon.Conclusions. Cell cultures derived from all studied sources have immunophenotype of precursor cells of mesenchymal origin. The MMSC of tendon tissue characterized by a greater capacity for colony formation and proliferation, and lower capacity for directed adipogenic differentiation, than MSCs from bone marrow and adipose tissue.

Author(s):  
И.Н. Корсаков ◽  
И.И. Еремин ◽  
А.П. Петрикина ◽  
Т.С. Чаузова ◽  
О.С. Гринаковская ◽  
...  

Сегодня регенеративная медицина обладает значительным арсеналом методов клеточной терапии для лечения различных заболеваний. В многочисленных доклинических и клинических исследованиях продемонстрированы безопасность и эффективность различных клеточных продуктов. Однако выбор источника биологического материала для получения клеточного продукта остается одним из самых актуальных вопросов. Цель работы: сравнение терапевтической эффективности клеточных продуктов, содержащих мультипотентные мезенхимальные клетки (ММСК), выделенные из различных источников, на модели экспериментального термического ожога кожи. Методика. Моделирование ожога выполняли под общей анестезией путем помещения на кожу металлического цилиндра, предварительно нагретого в кипящей воде. ММСК получали по стандартной методике ферментативной диссоциации предварительно иссеченных образцов альвеолярной десны, жировой ткани и плаценты. ММСК костного мозга были получены из большеберцовых и бедренных костей. Все ММСК были охарактеризованы по экспрессии поверхностных маркеров. Результаты. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о значительных отличиях в пролиферативном потенциале ММСК, выделенных из различных источников, в то время как терапевтическая эффективность для большинства клеточных продуктов сопоставима, независимо от выбранных доз клеток. Статистически значимые отличия в терапевтической эффективности были получены для ММСК, выделенных из плаценты. У всех экспериментальных животных, получивших терапию плацентарными ММСК, время полной эпителизации ожоговой раны было значительно меньше чем в других группах. В то же время клеточные продукты, содержащие ММСК из костного мозга, жира и десны показали сравнимую между собой терапевтическую эффективность и также приводили к ускорению времени заживления по сравнению с контролем. Заключение. Таким образом, показано, что ММСК, выделенные из плаценты, обладают большей терапевтической эффективностью по сравнению с ММСК из других источников. Пролиферативный потенциал - параметр, отражающий время, необходимое для получения терапевтической дозы клеток, также отличается в зависимости от источника ММСК. Наиболее перспективными с этой точки зрения являются ММСК десны. Исходя из вышеизложенного, ММСК, получаемые из плаценты и десны, являются наиболее перспективным типом клеток для создания клеточных продуктов. Today, regenerative medicine has a significant arsenal of methods of cell therapy for the treatment of various diseases. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of various cell-based products. However, the choice of the source of biological material for obtaining a cell-based product remains one of the most important issue. The purpose of this work was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of cell-based products containing multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs), isolated from various sources, on the model of an experimental thermal burn of the skin. Methods. Burn modeling was performed under general anesthesia by placing a metal cylinder pre-heated in boiling water on the skin. MMSCs were obtained according to the standard method of enzymatic digestion of pre-excised samples of alveolar gingiva, adipose tissue and placenta. Bone marrow MMSCs were obtained from tibial and femoral bones. All MMSCs were characterized by the expression of surface markers. Results. The results indicate significant differences in the proliferative potential of MMSCs isolated from different sources, while the therapeutic efficacy for most cellular products is comparable, regardless of the selected cell doses. Statistically significant differences in therapeutic efficacy were obtained for MMSCs isolated from the placenta. In all experimental animals that received therapy with placental MMSCs, the time of complete epithelialization of the burn wound was significantly lower than in other groups. At the same time, cell-based products containing MMSC from the bone marrow, fat and gingiva showed comparable therapeutic efficacy and also led to an acceleration of the healing time compared to the control. Conclusion. Thus, it has been shown that MMSC isolated from the placenta has a greater therapeutic efficacy compared with MMSC from other sources. Proliferative potential - a parameter reflecting the time required to obtain a therapeutic dose of cells, also differs depending on the source of MMSC. The most promising from this point of view are gingiva derived MMSC. Based on the foregoing, MMSCs derived from the placenta and gingiva are the most promising cell types for creating cell-based products.


Bone ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 546-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Krings ◽  
S. Rahman ◽  
S. Huang ◽  
Y. Lu ◽  
P.J. Czernik ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-120
Author(s):  
Nathan Denton

This chapter considers the more obscure non-white types of adipose tissue present in the human body. The first and better-known type discussed is brown fat, which contributes to the regulation of body temperature as it burns (excess) calories to generate heat. The second section explores the biology of bone marrow fat, whose enigmatic behaviour in the context of starvation and obesity does little to help define its role. After considering the relationship between bone marrow adipose tissue, bone strength, and overall metabolic health, this chapter concludes by briefly reviewing other, lesser-known types of (white) fat (e.g., epicardial fat) and their potential contribution to human biology.


2018 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Maurice ◽  
A Dutour ◽  
C Vincentelli ◽  
I Abdesselam ◽  
M Bernard ◽  
...  

Objective Glucocorticoid excess is one of the most important causes of bone disorders. Bone marrow fat (BMF) has been identified as a new mediator of bone metabolism. Cushing syndrome (CS) is a main regulator of adipose tissue distribution but its impact on BMF is unknown. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of chronic hypercortisolism on BMF. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Seventeen active and 17 cured ACTH-dependent CS patients along with 17 controls (matched with the active group for age and sex) were included. Methods The BMF content of the femoral neck and L3 vertebrae were measured by 1H-MRS on a 3-Tesla wide-bore magnet. Bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated in patients using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results Active CS patients had higher BMF content both in the femur (82.5 ± 2.6%) and vertebrae (70.1 ± 5.1%) compared to the controls (70.8 ± 3.6%, P = 0.013 and 49.0 ± 3.7% P = 0.005, respectively). In cured CS patients (average remission time of 43 months), BMF content was not different from controls at both sites (72.3 ± 2.9% (femur) and 46.7% ± 5.3% (L3)). BMF content was positively correlated with age, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides and visceral adipose tissue in the whole cohort and negatively correlated with BMD values in the CS patients. Conclusions Accumulation of BMF is induced by hypercortisolism. In remission patients, BMF reached values of controls. Further studies are needed to determine whether this increase in marrow adiposity in CS is associated with bone loss.


Bone ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mizuno ◽  
M. Shindo ◽  
D. Kobayashi ◽  
E. Tsuruga ◽  
A. Amemiya ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Parreiras-e-Silva ◽  
Araujo Iana de ◽  
Carlos Salmon ◽  
Julio Marchini ◽  
Vivian Suen ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
N. Volkovа ◽  
M. Yukhta ◽  
R. Вlonskiy ◽  
A. Kostrub ◽  
A. Goltsev

To date, stem cells application is one of the promising methods to treat pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.Material and methods. On the model of Achilles tendon degenerative injuries in rats (n = 60) we studied the effectiveness of local and systemic administration of cryopreserved autologous bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs). We analyzed the morphology of the tissue, collagen type I content and the presence of labeled РКН-26 cells. Also the biomechanical study was performed on the 7th, 21st and 45th day after transplantation.Results. It was shown that MMSCs contribute to the activation of regenerative processes in damaged tendons that was manifested in the recovery of histological structure, strength and type I collagen content. Local method of cell administration resulted in more pronounced tendon recovery as compared to systemic method. Using РКН-26 we confirmed the presence of injected cells in damaged area within 21 days.Conclusion. The results of the study can be used for argumentation and development of methods for the treatment of degenerative and dystrophic tendon damages in clinical practice.


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