scholarly journals CD4+ T-helpers in TCR-dependent tumor immunosurveillance and T-cell based adoptive transfer immunotherapy: are they really that helpful?

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
M. Plachynta
Keyword(s):  
Complete Removal ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Adoptive Cell Transfer ◽  
T Helper Lymphocytes ◽  
Infectious Tolerance ◽  
Immunotherapy Of Cancer ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Regulatory Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helpers

In this brief review the advances and hurdles of the modern-day ACT (adoptive cell transfer) immunotherapy of cancer are discussed, with the focus on the positive or negative role of CD4+ T helper lymphocytes as one of major constituents of oncologic patient-administered CIK (cytokine-induced killers) lymphocyte culture. The beneficial role of CD4+ T helpers in adoptively-transferred lymphocyte culture is considered, questioned and being put under doubt. “Infectious tolerance” and tumor “immune avoidance” phenomena are described, emphasizing on their dramatic implications for cancer ACT therapy. The ways to circumvent apparent undesired effects of CD4+ T helpers elevated presence in CIK bulk mass are discussed, such as complete removal of CD4 -positive cells, along with a less radical measure, which is depletion of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T regulatory lymphocytes from bulk CIK culture.

A Geographical Study on Positive And Negative Role of Private Housing Cooperative Societies in Mysore City

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
K.K. Somashekara K.K. Somashekara ◽  
◽  
B.N. Shivalingappa B.N. Shivalingappa
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Study ◽  
Housing Cooperative ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Private Housing

scholarly journals Serum CEACAM1 Elevation Correlates with Melanoma Progression and Failure to Respond to Adoptive Cell Transfer Immunotherapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ortenberg ◽  
S. Sapoznik ◽  
D. Zippel ◽  
R. Shapira-Frommer ◽  
O. Itzhaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Adoptive Cell Transfer ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Tumor Biomarker ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
First Time

Malignant melanoma is a devastating disease whose incidences are continuously rising. The recently approved antimelanoma therapies carry new hope for metastatic patients for the first time in decades. However, the clinical management of melanoma is severely hampered by the absence of effective screening tools. The expression of the CEACAM1 adhesion molecule on melanoma cells is a strong predictor of poor prognosis. Interestingly, a melanoma-secreted form of CEACAM1 (sCEACAM1) has recently emerged as a potential tumor biomarker. Here we add novel evidences supporting the prognostic role of serum CEACAM1 by using a mice xenograft model of human melanoma and showing a correlation between serum CEACAM1 and tumor burden. Moreover, we demonstrate that serum CEACAM1 is elevated over time in progressive melanoma patients who fail to respond to immunotherapy as opposed to responders and stable disease patients, thus proving a correlation between sCEACAM1, response to treatment, and clinical deterioration.

scholarly journals Role of anti-human lymphocyte culture cytotoxic antibodies in recurrent spontaneous pregnancy loss women

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankarkumar Umapathy ◽  
Aruna Shankarkumar ◽  
Vanita Ramrakhiyani ◽  
Kanjaksha Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Human Lymphocyte ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Cytotoxic Antibodies ◽  
Spontaneous Pregnancy

scholarly journals N.V. Gogol’s Works and Censorship

Literary Fact ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 238-256
Author(s):  
Igor A. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Previous Period ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time

For the first time, an analytical review of all, without exception, censorship stories of N.V. Gogol’s works is presented. An objective picture of Gogol's relationship with the censorship is being recreated. The findings of the study allow, with good reason, to judge about the interference of censors in the writer's works in a fundamentally different way, in comparison with the ideas offered by literary criticism of the previous period without solid evidence. Based on a thorough analysis, involving numerous archival sources, the common, stereotypical opinions about the extremely negative role of censorship in Gogol’s fate are being revised. The most significant negative result among all censorship interventions in Gogol's works was the activity of the censor of Westernizing views, opposed to the government, a professor at St. Petersburg University, A.V. Nikitenko. It is the numerous reductions of Nikitenko, И.А. Виноградов. Произведения Н .В. Гоголя и цензура 255 a friend of V.G. Belinsky, in Gogol's religious and patriotic book “Selected Passages from Correspondence with Friends” that the writer called “censorship murder”. No less significant was the intervention of the liberal censor in the texts of “Dead Souls”, “Theatrical Travel after the Presentation of a New Comedy” and other works of the writer. It is concluded that, with the exception of this “intrigue” against Gogol by the censor Nikitenko, on the whole Gogol's texts encountered relatively insignificant difficulties in censorship.

scholarly journals SERANGGA dan PERANANNYA DALAM BIDANG PERTANIAN dan KEHIDUPAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Araz Meilin ◽  
Nasamsir .
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Living Thing ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Negative Role

AbstractThe insect is a group of living thing that have the largest number of species. This article was compiled by aiming literature method studies at informing the negative and positive roles of insects in a farming and life. Some insects have a positive or negative role in agriculture and life. The negative role of insects in agriculture and life as cultivation plant, as a disease vector on the plant, and it cause humand being stickness. The positive role of insect is as pollinators, as a decomposer, as predators or parasitoids, as environment bioindikator, as the producer of the useful materials and beneficial in the field of health. Keywords: insects, vectors, natural enemies, pollinators, decomposer AbstrakSerangga merupakan kelompok makhluk hidup yang memiliki jumlah spesies terbanyak. Tulisan ini disusun dari studi literatur dan bertujuan menginformasikan peran negatif dan positif serangga dalam bidang pertanian dan kehidupan.  Beberapa anggota dari serangga memiliki peranan positif maupun negatif di bidang pertanian dan kehidupan.  Peran negatif serangga dibidang pertanian dan kehidupan adalah sebagai pemakan tumbuhan budidaya, sebagai vektor penyebab penyakit pada tanaman, dan sebagai penyebab penyakit pada manusia. Peran positif serangga adalah sebagai polinator atau penyerbuk, sebagai dekomposer atau pengurai, sebagai predator atau parasitoid (musuh alami), sebagai bioindikator lingkungan, sebagai penghasil bahan-bahan berguna dan bermanfaat  dalam bidang kesehatan. Kata Kunci: serangga, vektor, musuh alami, polinator, dekomposer

The function and regulation of cut expression on the wing margin of Drosophila: Notch, Wingless and a dominant negative role for Delta and Serrate

Development ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 124 (8) ◽  
pp. 1485-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Micchelli ◽  
E.J. Rulifson ◽  
S.S. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Wing Margin ◽  
Dynamic Feedback ◽  
Compartment Boundary ◽  
Wingless Signaling ◽  
Negative Role

We have investigated the role of the Notch and Wingless signaling pathways in the maintenance of wing margin identity through the study of cut, a homeobox-containing transcription factor and a late-arising margin-specific marker. By late third instar, a tripartite domain of gene expression can be identified about the dorsoventral compartment boundary, which marks the presumptive wing margin. A central domain of cut- and wingless-expressing cells are flanked on the dorsal and ventral side by domains of cells expressing elevated levels of the Notch ligands Delta and Serrate. We show first that cut acts to maintain margin wingless expression, providing a potential explanation of the cut mutant phenotype. Next, we examined the regulation of cut expression. Our results indicate that Notch, but not Wingless signaling, is autonomously required for cut expression. Rather, Wingless is required indirectly for cut expression; our results suggest this requirement is due to the regulation by wingless of Delta and Serrate expression in cells flanking the cut and wingless expression domains. Finally, we show that Delta and Serrate play a dual role in the regulation of cut and wingless expression. Normal, high levels of Delta and Serrate can trigger cut and wingless expression in adjacent cells lacking Delta and Serrate. However, high levels of Delta and Serrate also act in a dominant negative fashion, since cells expressing such levels cannot themselves express cut or wingless. We propose that the boundary of Notch ligand along the normal margin plays a similar role as part of a dynamic feedback loop that maintains the tripartite pattern of margin gene expression.

PRECISION ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF BONE TRABECULAE AND MINERAL SATURATION OF BONE SPONGY STRUCTURES IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO CONTACT ULTRASOUND

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Druginin ◽  
◽  
V.G. Suvorov ◽  
A.E. Shelekhova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Women Doctors ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Precision Assessment ◽  
Bone Trabeculae ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Sensory Polyneuropathy

Abstract: A comparative retrospective analysis of the results of a clinical - X-ray examination of 93 women doctors of ultrasound examinations of working age and 60 people was performed. control groups of age and experience comparable work with persons of major groups (nurses not associated with exposure to occupational ultrasound). Degenerative-dystrophic changes were revealed in the form of: osteorthrosis of the shoulder, elbow, wrist and interphalangeal joints, periarthrosis of the shoulder and elbow joints, small cyst-like clearances and enostoses in the bones of the wrists of the most loaded upper limb. The level of decrease in the mineral saturation and thickness of bone trabeculae in the areas of interest of the radius bones and distal phalanges of the hands was dependent on the severity of the clinical picture of vegetative-sensory polyneuropathy. Indicators of bone density and the state of bone trabeculae in the spongy structures of the distal radial bones and distal phalanges can be a kind of marker of the severity of OP. The use of modern methods for assessing the density and structure of bone tissue allows us to reduce the negative role of the so-called "human factor" and thus

Semiconductive donor promoted photochromism of iodoplumbate hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. 4865-4871
Author(s):  
Junju Shen ◽  
Xiaoli Kang ◽  
Pengfei Hao ◽  
Yunlong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
Negative Role

The entirely different photochromic behaviors of two iodoplumbate hybrids indicate the driving role of excitation of the PbI3− chain donor and the negative role of charge transfer in photoinduced electron transfer and photochromism.

scholarly journals P01.11 Role of exosomes as promotors or biomarkers to study activation of leukemia-derived dendritic cells (DCleu)-mediated antileukemic activation of adaptive and innate immune-reactive cells against AML-blasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. A13.2-A14
Author(s):  
L Li ◽  
V Mussack ◽  
E Pepeldjiyska ◽  
A Hartz ◽  
A Rank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Immune Monitoring ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Continuous Increase

BackgroundAntileukemic responses of immune reactive cells in AML-patients need to be improved. Combinations of blast-modulatory kitM (GM-CSF+PGE1) (vs control) convert myeloid blasts into dendritic cells of leukemic origin (DCleu), that effectively activate immune-cells against leukemic blasts. Exosomes are small (30–150 nm) membranous vesicles of endocytic origin produced by all cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Their involvement in nearly all aspects of malignant transformation has generated much interest in their biology, mechanisms responsible for information transfer and their role in immune-surveillance as well as -escape.Exosomes secreted by dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to allow efficient activation of T lymphocytes, displaying potential as promoters of adaptive immune responses.Materials and Methods1)DC/DCleu-culture of blast containing AML patients’ whole blood (WB) (n=10) and of healthy volunteers(n=8) with kits, T-cell enriched mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) with kit- vs un-treated WB, functional blast-cytotoxicity and, leukemia-specificity assays (Degranulation/intracellular cytokine-assays), Flowcytometric evaluation of blast-,DC- and lymphocyte composition before or after cultures. 2)Exosomes were isolated by immunoaffinity from serum, DC- and MLC-culture supernatants of 3 AML patients and 3 healthy volunteers. Exosomes were negatively stained and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fluorescence nanoparticle tracking analysis (fNTA) was performed to determine exosomal size and -concentration. Obtained results were compared in AML and healthy volunteers.ResultsAddition of kitM to blast-containing WB significantly increased frequencies of mature DC/DCleu and their subtypes compared to untreated WB without induction of blasts’ proliferation. Immune monitoring showed a continuous increase ofactivated/proliferating cells of the adaptive and innate immune system after Tcell-enriched MLC using kitM pretreated vs -untreated WB, suggesting a production/activation of (potentially leukemia-specific) cells after kit-stimulation. Moreover kit-pretreated WB regularly and significantly improved provision, activation as well as antileukemic and leukemia-specifically directed immune reactive cells after MLC. TEM showed exosome-like structures with a typically cup-shaped appearance without any differences between healthy and AML samples. fNTA revealed average vesicle sizes of 177±23 nm (healthy) and 178±17 nm (AML). Higher levels of EVs were detectable in AML samples compared to healthy controls in serum and after DC-culture, but lower levels after MLC independent of culture conditions.Interestingly, the number of EVs increased during cultivation of DC of AML and healthy samples, but not in AML-derived MLC samples.ConclusionsWe will provide data in AML patients and healthy volunteers about a potential role of DCs- and MLC-derived exosomes as biomarkers in immune responses, malignant progression or as potential therapeutic targets for AML patients.Disclosure InformationL. li: None. V. Mussack: None. E. Pepeldjiyska: None. A. Hartz: None. A. Rank: None. C. Schmid: None. E. Özkaya: None. S. Ugur: None. M. Pfaffl: None. H. Schmetzer: None.

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