Parallel Acceleration on Removal of Optical Mapping Baseline Wandering

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilija Uzelac ◽  
Shahriar Iravanian ◽  
Flavio Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Baseline Wandering ◽  
Parallel Acceleration

scholarly journals Super-resolved Optical Mapping of Reactive Sulfur-Vacancies in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

ACS Nano ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Zhang ◽  
Martina Lihter ◽  
Tzu-Heng Chen ◽  
Michal Macha ◽  
Archith Rayabharam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides

Acute detection of optical tissue changes in real-time during pulsed field ablation (PFA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L Hong ◽  
O Amirana ◽  
T Ransbury ◽  
B Glover
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Lesion Formation ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Rf Energy ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background It has been established in previous animal and human studies that it is possible to assess lesion formation in real-time using optical means during the application of radiofrequency (RF) energy in cardiac ablation procedures. The optical interrogation was accomplished using a novel catheter and instrument system whereby the catheter has embedded optical fibers that transmit and receive light from the instrument. Purpose The aim of this study was to see if there are similar indications of lesion formation, detected by the same optical means, during the application of pulsed field ablation (PFA) energy to cause lesions through electroporation. Methods A series of 3 anesthetized pigs underwent PFA in the right atrium. An 8-electrode circular catheter was placed high in the right atrium, near the superior vena cava, to simulate pulmonary vein isolation as part of an AF ablation procedure. The optical catheter was placed adjacent to the circular catheter between stimulation electrode pairs. A bolus of adenosine was administered to create a window of asystole to avoid stimulation on the T-wave. Bipolar PFA was delivered immediately post drug infusion and the optical signature from the catheter was recorded and displayed in real-time. Electrograms were recorded and the mapping of the lesion was performed with the optical catheter at the following time intervals post PFA delivery: 0 min, 15 min, 1 hour, and 3 hours. Necropsy and histology followed the procedure. Results The optical signal is distinctly higher in intensity during the PFA pulse train. The optical signal showed an immediate significant decrease and a slow but steady decay over the mapping interval. Electrogram reduction accompanied PFA application and also showed a marked reduction over the mapping interval. The optical signal amplitudes were markedly lower when on the lesion compared to healthy non-ablated myocardium as predicted. Conclusions Preliminary results indicate that optical mapping detects immediate tissue changes during PFA at these energy levels and hence could be is a viable method of evaluating lesion formation during and after PFA energy application. The optical signal indicates that cell damage occurs immediately at these energy levels and continues to progress slowly in lesions made by PFA energy compared to those made by RF energy. The findings also suggest that optical mapping can identify acute lesions made with PFA energy in real-time implying that optical mapping could evolve as a PFA gap detector. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Design Guidance for Freeway Main-Line Ramp Terminals

2012 ◽  
Vol 2309 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren J. Torbic ◽  
Jessica M. Hutton ◽  
Courtney D. Bokenkroger ◽  
Marcus A. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Driver Behavior ◽  
Main Line ◽  
Behavioral Study ◽  
Crash Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Green Book ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Parallel Acceleration ◽  
Design Guidance

This paper presents the results of a study to develop improved design guidance for freeway main-line ramp terminals on the basis of modern driver behavior and vehicle performance capabilities. The primary steps included a crash analysis, an observational field study, and a driver behavioral study. This research reached several key conclusions, as follows. Vehicle merging speeds tend to be closer to freeway speeds at tapered acceleration lanes than at parallel acceleration lanes. The recommended minimum lengths for acceleration lanes presented in the 2004 edition of AASHTO's A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (Green Book) are conservative and, under certain conditions, could be reduced by 15%. In a situation in which a significant volume of trucks uses an entrance ramp, an acceleration lane length that will better accommodate trucks can be derived by using speed–distance curves developed for a range of weight-to-power ratios. The recommended minimum lengths for deceleration lanes presented in the 2004 Green Book are conservative and do not account for deceleration in the freeway. Providing deceleration lanes longer than the minimum values given in the Green Book may promote casual deceleration by exiting drivers. Several potential changes for consideration in the next edition of the Green Book are recommended on the basis of the findings and conclusions of this research.

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