scholarly journals Genotoxicity effects of medicinal plants extracts against bacterial species, Mycoplasma hominis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-228
Author(s):  
M.H. Yassin ◽  
◽  
Y. Alghamdi ◽  
E.H. Mohamed ◽  
S.A. Mostafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds

Aim: To assess the antimicrobial activity and genotoxicity of three medicinal plants used by Saudi Arabian people as traditional medicine against Mycoplasma hominis. Methodology: Different concentrations of Syzygium aromaticum (clove), Vachellia nilotica (acacia), and Thyme vulgaris (thyme) extracts were used as antimicrobial agents against M. hominis, and their lethal effects on Mycoplasma genome DNA were analyzed using repetitive element PCR(Rep-PCR). Results: The aqueous extracts of clove and Acacia at 3.125 mg ml-1 were found to be active antimicrobials against three tested Mycoplasm. Thyme extract exhibited antimicrobial activity at 12.5 mg ml-1. Moreover, this extract revealed potent lethal activities as growth turbidity decreased with increasing concentration or exposure time as compared to untreated Mycoplasma. The results of Rep-PCR clearly indicate that changes occured in the number of genetic bands in treated Mycoplasma at certain concentrations as compared to untreated Mycoplasma. Interpretation: These results indicate the possibility of using these extracts as a source of antibacterial compounds for treating infections caused by Mycoplasma. Key words: Antimicrobial activity, Genotoxicity, Mycoplasma hominis, Medicinal plants, S. aromaticum

scholarly journals Antifungal activity using medicinal plant extracts against pathogens of coffee tree

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Silva ◽  
P. E. Souza ◽  
F. P. Monteiro ◽  
M. L. O. Freitas ◽  
M. B. Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Coffee Tree ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Etiological Agents

Generally, the medicinal plants have antifungal substances that can be used for the plant protection against phytopathogens. The objective of this study was to know the efficiency of aqueous extracts from medicinal plants against the major etiological agents of coffee tree. The aqueous extracts used were extracted from bulbs of Allium sativum, leaves of Vernonia polysphaera, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, Cordia verbenacea, Eucalyptus citriodora, Ricinus communis, Azadirachta indica, Piper hispidinervum and flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum. The etiological agents considered for this study were Cercospora coffeicola, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Phoma tarda, Rhizoctonia solani and Hemileia vastatrix. The screening for harmful extracts was done based on mycelial growth and conidial germination inhibition. All experiments performed were in vitro conditions. The inhibition of mycelial growth was performed mixing the extracts with the PDA. This mixture was poured in Petri dishes. On the center of the dishes was added one PDA disc with mycelium. It was incubated in a chamber set to 25ºC. The evaluation was done daily by measuring the mycelial growth. The germination assessment was also performed with Petri dishes containing agar-water medium at 2%. These were incubated at 25ºC for 24 hours. After this period the interruption of germination was performed using lactoglycerol. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. The most effective plant extracts against the micelial growth and conidial germination were V. polysphaera, S. aromaticum and A. sativum.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of some Iranian medicinal plants

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirbalouti Ghasemi ◽  
Parvin Jahanbazi ◽  
Shekoofeh Enteshari ◽  
Fatemeh Malekpoor ◽  
Behzad Hamedi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Arnebia Euchroma ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Satureja Bachtiarica ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

The major aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts of eight plant species which are endemic in Iran. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts of eight Iranian traditional plants, including Hypericum scabrum, Myrtus communis, Pistachia atlantica, Arnebia euchroma, Salvia hydrangea, Satureja bachtiarica, Thymus daenensis and Kelussia odoratissima, were investigated against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Candida albicans by agar disc diffusion and serial dilution assays. Most of the extracts showed a relatively high antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacteria and fungi. Of the plants studied, the most active extracts were those obtained from the essential oils of M. communis and T. daenensis. The MIC values for active extract and essential oil ranged between 0.039 and 10 mg/ml. It can be said that the extract and essential oil of some medicinal plants could be used as natural antimicrobial agents in food preservation. .

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of three important medicinal plants of South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3484
Author(s):  
Gopalakrishnaiah B. ◽  
Aniel Kumar O.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
The World

India is found to be a country with rich biodiversity and enormous treasure of herbal plants and consequently called as medicinal garden of the world. Plants are the richest source of natural antimicrobial agents. In recent years drug resistance to human pathogenic bacteria has been commonly reported from all over the world. Therefore, there is a need to develop alternative antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases; one approach is to screen local medicinal plants for possible antimicrobial properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of hexane, chloroform and methanol crude extracts of the leaves of three important medicinal plants viz., Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC, Bougainvillea spectabilis L. and Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fleming, collected from in and around Visakhapatnam District. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts was tested against three Gram Positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441, Enterococcus faecalis MTCC 439, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 737), Three Gram Negative bacteria (Escherichia coli MTCC 443, Proteus vulgaris MTCC 426 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 1688) and three Fungal strains (Candida albicans MTCC 227, Epidermophyton floccosum MTCC 613 and Trichophyton mentagrophytes MTCC 7687) using agar well diffusion assay. Our results demonstrated that methanol extracts of these plants leaves have concentration dependent antibacterial activity against some of the tested organisms. Further studies should be undertaken to elucidate the exact mechanism of action of antimicrobial effect to identify the active ingredients which can be used for drug development program.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Medicinal Plants’ (Impatiens balsamina and Lantana camara) Fresh Leaves and Analysis of Antimicrobial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry F. Aritonang ◽  
Harry Koleangan ◽  
Audy D. Wuntu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Impatiens Balsamina ◽  
Significant Difference

Plant-mediated synthesis of nanomaterials has been increasingly gaining popularity due to its eco-friendly nature and cost-effectiveness. In the present study, we synthesized silver (Ag) nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of fresh leaves of Impatiens balsamina and Lantana camara medicinal plants as bioreducing agents. This method allowed the synthesis of nanoparticles, which was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-Vis spectra and visual observation showed that the color of the fresh leaf extracts of L. camara and I. balsamina turned into grayish brown and brownish yellow, respectively, after treatment with Ag precursors. In addition, TEM analysis confirmed that AgNO3 solutions for all concentrations produced Ag nanoparticles and their average size was less than 24 nm. Moreover, aqueous leaf extracts of I. balsamina and L. camara were separately tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. The results showed that the bacterial growth was inhibited by the extracts containing Ag nanoparticles. Statistical calculation performed using the Tukey test showed that zones of inhibition for the two bacteria produced by the aqueous leaf extracts of L. camara containing 3 mM and 5 mM Ag precursors were not significantly different from that by ciprofloxacin as positive control. On the contrary, there was significant difference between the zone of inhibition for E. coli by ciprofloxacin and that by the extracts of I. balsamina leaves containing 3 mM and 5 mM Ag precursors. A similar result was observed on the zone of inhibition for S. aureus by the extracts of I. balsamina leaves containing 3 mM Ag precursor. It was shown that the aqueous extracts of fresh L. camara leaves containing Ag nanoparticles were comparable to ciprofloxacin in inhibiting bacterial growth.

Antibacterial Activity and Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Cladophora glomerate

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusl Abed Al Rassul Ali ◽  
Ahmed S Dwaish
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cladophora Glomerata ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Made In

Filamentous specie of algae (Cladophora glomerata) collected from Baghdad University –Iraq were tested against bacterial species. Extracts of Cladophora glomerata species were prepared in acetone, hot and cold aqueous extracts. four different concentrations (w/vol.) 12.5 ,25 ,50 and 100 mg/ml were made in each of the above mentioned extracts. Extracts were loaded on agar plates, containing test bacteria, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus substilis, Escherichia coli, Klebseilla sp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hot and cold aqueous extracts were inefficiency in all bacterial species, while the hot acetone extract was efficiency for making extract that showed good zone of inhibition in bacterial species maximum up to 18 mm than the lower value was 7.5 mm. Chemical analyses showed that the active chemical compounds for hot acetone extract alga (Cladophora glomerata) extract was contains alkaloids, phenols, Tannins, Flavones, Resins and tannins. The acetone extract was further chemically characterized by using GC–MS in order to be tentative identify the compounds responsible for such activities. The main compositions were Methadone, Benzonitrile, bromobutyloxychalcone, Benzeneethanamine and Cyclodecasiloxane compounds which had antimicrobial activity. These results indicate that the acetone extract of C. glomerata exhibited appreciable antimicrobial activity and could be a source of valuable bioactive materials for health products.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Cinnamon, Thyme, Oregano and Clove Essential Oils Against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matěj Božik ◽  
Pavel Nový ◽  
Pavel Klouček
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

Essential oils are volatile substances from plants and many of them have antimicrobial activity. For that reason, they have become known as a useful alternative to chemical preservatives and pesticides. In this study, we tested essential oils of four aromatic plants. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), oregano (Origanum vulgare) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oils were investigated for their composition and antimicrobial effect against plant pathogenic bacteria (Pectobacterium spp. and Pseudomonas spp.). Both are commonly associated with diseased fruit trees in orchards and gardens. The chemical composition of the tested essential oils was identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The cinnamon essential oil was most effective form tested oil. The experimental results indicated that the wild strains of tested bacteria are more resistant to essential oils than commonly used laboratory strains. In conclusion, certain essential oils could be used for the control of postharvest bacterial pathogens. The findings of the present study suggest that the essential oils have a potential to be used as antimicrobial agents.

Design, Synthesis, Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Docking Studies of New Thiazole-based Chalcones

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Tratrat ◽  
Michelyne Haroun ◽  
Iakovos Xenikakis ◽  
Konstantinos Liaras ◽  
Evangelia Tsolaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Better Than

Background:Thiazole derivates as well as chalcones, are very important scaffold for medicinal chemistry. Literature survey revealed that they possess wide spectrum of biological activities among which are anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial.Objectives:The current studies describe the synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of twenty eight novel thiazole-based chalcones.Methods:The designed compounds were synthesized using classical methods of organic synthesis. The in vivo evaluation of antimicrobial activity was performed by microdilution method.Results:All compounds have shown antibacterial properties better than that of ampicillin and in many cases better than streptomycin. As far as the antifungal activity is concerned, all compounds possess much higher activity than reference drugs bifonazole and ketoconazole. The most sensitive bacterial species was B. cereus (MIC 6.5-28.4 µmol × 10-2/mL and MBC 14.2-105.0 µmol × 10-2/mL) while the most resistant ones were L. monocytogenes (MIC 21.4-113.6 µmol × 10-2/mL) and E. coli (MIC 10.7- 113.6 µmol × 10-2/mL) and MBC at 42.7-358.6 µmol × 10-2/mL and 21.4-247.2 µmol × 10-2/mL, respectively. All the compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against the three resistant strains, MRSA, P. aeruginosa and E.coli. with MIC and MBC in the range of 0.65-11.00 µmol/mL × 10-2 and 1.30-16.50 µmol/mL × 10-2. Docking studies were performed.Conclusion:Twenty-eight novel thiazole-based chalcones were designed, synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The results showed that these derivatives could be lead compounds in search of new potent antimicrobial agents. Docking studies indicated that DNA gyrase, GyrB and MurA inhibition may explain the antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS OF SEMI-ARID REGION

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemali Padalia ◽  
Tejas Rathod ◽  
Sumitra Chanda
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Varied Level

  Objective: Infections caused by microorganisms that have become resistant to commonly used antibiotics have become a major nuisance globally. The problem of microbial resistance is increasing rapidly, and therefore there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobial agents from a natural source. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different solvent extracts of aerial part of Alysicarpus procumbens, Fimbristylis dichotoma, Saccharum spontaneum, Suaeda nigra, and Typha angustifolia against pathogenic microorganisms.Methods: The extraction was done by individual cold percolation method using five solvents of different polarity, viz., petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, and water (aqueous). The antimicrobial activity was done by agar well diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.Results: All the plant solvent extracts showed varied level of antimicrobial activity against different microorganisms. All extracts of five plants showed better antibacterial activity than antifungal activity; Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than Gram-negative bacteria.Conclusion: The polarity of solvent greatly influences extractive yield and antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants. The best activity was shown by solvent extracts of S. nigra. Hence, it can be considered as good source of antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS OF KASHMIR HIMALAYA AS BIORESOURCES TO OVERCOME THE CHALLENGES OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aadil Hussain ◽  
Suchi Modi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Anti Fungal

Through the realization of the continuous erosion of traditional knowledge of plants used for medicine in the past and the renewed interest at the present time, a need existed to review this valuable knowledge of medicinal plants with the purpose of developing medicinal plants sectors across the different states in India. Our major objectives therefore were to explore the potential in medicinal plants resources, to understand the challenges and opportunities with the medicinal plants sector, and also to suggest recommendations based upon the present state of knowledge for the establishment and smooth functioning of the medicinal plants sector along with improving the living standards of the underprivileged communities. The review reveals that State of Kashmir harbours a rich diversity of valuable medicinal plants, and attempts are being made at different levels for sustainable utilization of this resource in order to develop the medicinal plants sector. Antimicrobial activity refers to the process of killing or inhibiting the growth of microbes. Various antimicrobial agents are used for this purpose. Antimicrobial may be anti-bacterial, anti-fungal or antiviral. Antimicrobial activity can be defined as a collective term for all active principles (agents) that inhibit the growth of bacteria, prevent the formation of microbial colonies, and may destroy microorganisms. In the field of antimicrobial finish, many common terms are used including antibacterial, bactericidal, bacteriostatic, fungicidal, fungistatic, biocidal, and biostatic. Antimicrobial activity refers to a situation where an active agent has a negative effect on the vitality of microorganisms.In present study we studied Antimicrobial Activities of Some Medicinal Plants of Kashmir Himalaya

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