THEORETICAL STUDY FOR THE ADSORPTION OF LINEAR PROPADECYL BENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) ON BENTONITE WHICH MODIFIED BY THREE SURFACE ACTIVE MATERIALS

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Majeed Yasien ◽  
◽  
Khulood Al-Saadie ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Benzene Sulfonate ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Surface Active

Study of the turbulent flow of solutions of surface-active materials by means of a laser anemometer

1975 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1408-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Povkh ◽  
A. B. Stupin ◽  
S. N. Maksyutenko ◽  
P. V. Aslanov ◽  
E. A. Roshchin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Laser Anemometer ◽  
Surface Active

The Chorionic Plastron and its Role in the Eggs of the Muscinae (Diptera)

1960 ◽  
Vol s3-101 (55) ◽  
pp. 313-332
Author(s):  
H. E. HINTON
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Great Resistance ◽  
Plane Normal ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Egg Shell

In flies of the subfamily Muscinae the egg-shell has both an outer and an inner meshwork layer, each of which holds a continuous film of air. Between these two meshwork layers there is a more or less thick middle layer to which the shell chiefly owes its mechanical strength. Holes or aeropyles through the middle layer effect the continuity of the outer and inner films of air. Both meshwork layers consist of struts that arise perpendicularly from the middle layer. In both layers the struts are branched at their apices in a plane normal to their long axes. These horizontal branches form a fine and open hydrofuge network that provides a large water-air interface when the egg is immersed. When it rains or when the egg is otherwise immersed in water, the film of air held in the outer meshwork layer of the shell funtions as a plastron. To be an efficient respiratory structure a plastron must resist wetting by both the hydrostatic pressures and the surface active materials to which it is normally exposed. The plastrons of all the Muscinae tested resist wetting in clean water by pressures far in excess of any they are likely to encounter in nature. The resistance of a plastron to hydrostatic pressures varies directly as the surface tension of the water, and the surface tension of water in contact with the decomposing materials in which the Muscinae lay their eggs is much lowered by surface active materials. These considerations seem to provide an explanation for the great resistance of the plastron of the Muscinae to wetting by excess pressures and for the paradox that the plastrons of these terrestrial eggs are more resistant to high pressures than are the plastrons of some aquatic insects that live in clean water.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles as multifunctional surface-active materials for smart/active nanocomposite packaging films

2021 ◽  
pp. 102593
Author(s):  
Mahmood Alizadeh Sani ◽  
Mohammad Maleki ◽  
Hadi Eghbaljoo-Gharehgheshlaghi ◽  
Arezou Khezerlou ◽  
Esmaeil Mohammadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Packaging Films ◽  
Surface Active

A Theoretical Study on the Transient Morphing of Linear Poroelastic Plates

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Andrini ◽  
Alessandro Lucantonio ◽  
Giovanni Noselli
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Thin Structures ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Smart Systems ◽  
Soft Active Materials ◽  
Accurate Design ◽  
Fluid Environment ◽  
Equilibrium Shapes ◽  
Actuation Devices

Abstract Based on their shape-shifting capabilities, soft active materials have enabled new possibilities for the engineering of sensing and actuation devices. While the relation between active strains and emergent equilibrium shapes has been fully characterized, the transient morphing of thin structures is a rather unexplored topic. Here, we focus on polymer gel plates and derive a reduced linear model to study their time-dependent response to changes in the fluid environment. We show that independent control of stretching and bending deformations in stress-free conditions allows to realize spherical shapes with prescribed geometry of the mid-plane. Furthermore, we demonstrate that tensile (compressive) membrane stresses delay (accelerate) swelling-induced shape transitions compared to the stress-free evolution. We believe that these effects should be considered for the accurate design of smart systems and may contribute to explain the complexity of natural shapes.

Ordering Сharacteristics of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes in Anodic Coatings

2019 ◽  
Vol 806 ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel L. Titov ◽  
Svetlana A. Shchegoleva ◽  
Nikolai B. Kondrikov
Keyword(s):  
Autocorrelation Function ◽  
Fourier Spectrum ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Titanium Oxide Nanotubes ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Fourier Spectra ◽  
Do It Yourself

In this paper, the ordering of the arrays of TiO2 nanotubes obtained by the method of anodic oxidation in the fluoro-containing aqueous-nonaqueous electrolytes containing glycerine and surface-active materials is investigated. For analysis of ordering, the two-dimensional Fourier spectrum, do-it-yourself configurational geometrical entropy and section of the two-dimensional autocorrelation function were used. These characteristics allow us to identify a nature of ordering in sufficient detail and to obtain the preliminary quantitative assessments of this order. It is found that, in the systems of titanium-oxide nanotubes, the stable, almost correct short-range order is established within the first coordination sphere. Such order is similar to the amorphous ordering. At the same time, the ordering of nanotubes arrays differs in detail from the amorphous one in the greater expressiveness of the typical scale the sizes of which can be estimated using the Fourier spectra as well as autocorrelation function.

Distribution of Non-Rubber Substances in Preserved Latex Part II. Acids

1943 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-380
Author(s):  
H. C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Protein Distribution ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Rubber Phase ◽  
General Method

Abstract In a previous paper by the present author, a general method for determining the distribution of the nonrubber substances between the rubber-and-water phases in latex was described and results were given of its application to the study of the distribution of nitrogen and materials extractable with acetone. It was shown that the nitrogen associated with the rubber phase is of two different types, a small amount (about 0.02 per cent) being independent of particle size and consequently distributed throughout the mass of the rubber, whereas the remainder is a function of particle size, replaceable by surface-active materials, such as soaps, and is, consequently, situated at the surface of the particles. The surface nitrogen in ammoniated latex was variable, decreased with age of latex, could be partially desorbed at an alkaline pH by washing the latex, for instance, by dilution or repeated creaming, and is considered to represent the protective protein covering of the latex globules. The total variation experienced in unconcentrated ammoniated latices of varying ages was from 0.11 to 0.18 per cent, but in latex of good quality about six months old, surface nitrogen was 0.15 per cent, corresponding to about 1 per cent protein. Distribution experiments on the acetone extract showed that there is from 2 to 3 per cent of acetone-soluble substances associated with the rubber, of which less than one-half represents ammonium soaps at the surface of the particles. The surface of the rubber particles is, therefore, composed largely of protein and fat acids, and it was thought probable that the ratio between them might change, both during the life of a single latex and from one latex to another.

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