scholarly journals Problematic Smartphone Use, Social Anxiety Symptom Severity, and Technology-related Behaviors and Attitudes

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
pp. 73
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Anxiety Symptom ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use

Proneness to Boredom Mediates Relationships Between Problematic Smartphone Use With Depression and Anxiety Severity

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon D. Elhai ◽  
Juanita K. Vasquez ◽  
Samuel D. Lustgarten ◽  
Jason C. Levine ◽  
Brian J. Hall
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Anxiety Symptom ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Boredom Proneness

Research demonstrates that depression and anxiety symptom severity are related to problematic smartphone use (PSU). However, less is known about variables mediating these relationships. This study aimed to test whether proneness to boredom increased PSU. We also tested whether boredom proneness mediates relations between both depression and anxiety symptom severity with PSU. Using a cross-sectional design, we surveyed 298 American college students about their frequency of smartphone use, levels of PSU, depression, anxiety, and boredom proneness. Using structural equation modeling, we modeled depression and anxiety symptom severity predicting boredom proneness, in turn predicting levels of PSU and smartphone use frequency (SUF). Results demonstrate that boredom proneness predicted PSU, but not SUF. Boredom proneness mediated relations between both depression and anxiety symptom severity with PSU levels (but not usage frequency). We discuss the phenomenon in terms of depressed or anxious college students having difficulty attending to their schoolwork, subsequently experiencing boredom, and engaging in PSU to relieve their boredom.

scholarly journals Digital Biomarkers of Social Anxiety Severity: Digital Phenotyping Using Passive Smartphone Sensors

10.2196/16875 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. e16875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas C Jacobson ◽  
Berta Summers ◽  
Sabine Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Anxiety Symptom ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Digital Phenotyping ◽  
Passive Sensor ◽  
Digital Biomarkers

Background Social anxiety disorder is a highly prevalent and burdensome condition. Persons with social anxiety frequently avoid seeking physician support and rarely receive treatment. Social anxiety symptoms are frequently underreported and underrecognized, creating a barrier to the accurate assessment of these symptoms. Consequently, more research is needed to identify passive biomarkers of social anxiety symptom severity. Digital phenotyping, the use of passive sensor data to inform health care decisions, offers a possible method of addressing this assessment barrier. Objective This study aims to determine whether passive sensor data acquired from smartphone data can accurately predict social anxiety symptom severity using a publicly available dataset. Methods In this study, participants (n=59) completed self-report assessments of their social anxiety symptom severity, depressive symptom severity, positive affect, and negative affect. Next, participants installed an app, which passively collected data about their movement (accelerometers) and social contact (incoming and outgoing calls and texts) over 2 weeks. Afterward, these passive sensor data were used to form digital biomarkers, which were paired with machine learning models to predict participants’ social anxiety symptom severity. Results The results suggested that these passive sensor data could be utilized to accurately predict participants’ social anxiety symptom severity (r=0.702 between predicted and observed symptom severity) and demonstrated discriminant validity between depression, negative affect, and positive affect. Conclusions These results suggest that smartphone sensor data may be utilized to accurately detect social anxiety symptom severity and discriminate social anxiety symptom severity from depressive symptoms, negative affect, and positive affect.

scholarly journals Digital Biomarkers of Social Anxiety Severity: Digital Phenotyping Using Passive Smartphone Sensors (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas C Jacobson ◽  
Berta Summers ◽  
Sabine Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Anxiety Symptom ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Digital Phenotyping ◽  
Passive Sensor ◽  
Digital Biomarkers

BACKGROUND Social anxiety disorder is a highly prevalent and burdensome condition. Persons with social anxiety frequently avoid seeking physician support and rarely receive treatment. Social anxiety symptoms are frequently underreported and underrecognized, creating a barrier to the accurate assessment of these symptoms. Consequently, more research is needed to identify passive biomarkers of social anxiety symptom severity. Digital phenotyping, the use of passive sensor data to inform health care decisions, offers a possible method of addressing this assessment barrier. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine whether passive sensor data acquired from smartphone data can accurately predict social anxiety symptom severity using a publicly available dataset. METHODS In this study, participants (n=59) completed self-report assessments of their social anxiety symptom severity, depressive symptom severity, positive affect, and negative affect. Next, participants installed an app, which passively collected data about their movement (accelerometers) and social contact (incoming and outgoing calls and texts) over 2 weeks. Afterward, these passive sensor data were used to form digital biomarkers, which were paired with machine learning models to predict participants’ social anxiety symptom severity. RESULTS The results suggested that these passive sensor data could be utilized to accurately predict participants’ social anxiety symptom severity (<i>r</i>=0.702 between predicted and observed symptom severity) and demonstrated discriminant validity between depression, negative affect, and positive affect. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that smartphone sensor data may be utilized to accurately detect social anxiety symptom severity and discriminate social anxiety symptom severity from depressive symptoms, negative affect, and positive affect.

Instagram use frequency is associated with problematic smartphone use, but not with depression and anxiety symptom severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitri Rozgonjuk ◽  
Patrik Pruunsild ◽  
Kadi Jürimäe ◽  
Rosiine-Johanna Schwarz ◽  
Jaan Aru
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Anxiety Symptom ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Objectively Measured

Studies have demonstrated that social media use, as well as problematic smartphone use (PSU), are associated with psychopathology variables, such as depression and anxiety. However, it has not been studied how Instagram use frequency is associated with depression, anxiety, and PSU. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Instagram use frequency is related to these psychopathology variables. Three hundred and five active Instagram users ( Mage = 23.61, SDage = 5.33; 82.2% female) comprised the effective sample in this study. They responded to an online survey that included questionnaires regarding their Instagram and smartphone use, as well as about experiencing depression and anxiety symptoms. We also retrieved objectively measured Instagram use data. The results showed that although Instagram use frequency, depression, and anxiety were associated with PSU in bivariate analysis, Instagram use frequency did not have indirect effects in the relations between psychopathology variables and PSU. Furthermore, while younger age and female sex predicted Instagram use frequency, these socio-demographic variables did not predict PSU. According to our findings Instagram use frequency contributes to PSU, but it is not related to depression and anxiety.

scholarly journals Studies on the Relationship between Social Anxiety and Excessive Smartphone Use and on the Effects of Abstinence and Sensation Seeking on Excessive Smartphone Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Turgeman ◽  
Inbar Hefner ◽  
Maayan Bazon ◽  
Or Yehoshua ◽  
Aviv Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale ◽  
Negative Impacts

Problematic smartphone use is the excessive use of the smartphone with negative impacts on the quality of life of the user. We investigated the association between social anxiety and excessive smartphone use. The sample consisted of 140 participants, 73 male and 67 female university students with a mean age of 26 years and 4 months (SD = 3.38), who filled in the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale and the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS). Results showed a positive association between social anxiety and excessive smartphone use. Social anxiety explained 31.5% of the variance of ratings on the SAS. A second study investigated the interaction between abstinence and sensation seeking and excessive smartphone use. The sample consisted of 60 participants, 44 female and 16 male university students. The sample was divided into two experimental conditions: 30 participants were abstinent for 1.5 h from the smartphone and 30 participants were non-abstinent. Results showed that excessive smartphone use increased in the group that abstained compared to those who did not. Secondly, participants who had high baseline sensation-seeking ratings had higher scores of excessive smartphone use after abstinence compared with those with low ratings of sensation seeking. These studies indicate the contribution of social anxiety to problematic smartphone use and how it can be exacerbated by the combination of abstinence and high sensation seeking.

scholarly journals Problematic Smartphone Use and Mental Health in Chinese Adults: A Population-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningyuan Guo ◽  
Tzu Tsun Luk ◽  
Sai Yin Ho ◽  
Jung Jae Lee ◽  
Chen Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Mental Well Being

Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been associated with anxiety and depression, but few explored its mental well-being correlates that could co-occur with or be independent of mental symptoms. We studied the associations of PSU with anxiety, depression, and mental well-being in Hong Kong Chinese adults in a probability-based survey (N = 4054; 55.0% females; mean age ± SD 48.3 ± 18.3 years). PSU was measured using Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version. Anxiety and depression symptoms were evaluated using General Anxiety Disorder screener-2 (GAD-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). Mental well-being was measured using Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) and Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS). Multivariable regression analyzed associations adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle-related variables. Associations of PSU with mental well-being were stratified by symptom severity of anxiety (GAD-2 cutoff of 3) and depression (PHQ-2 cutoff of 3). We found that PSU was associated with higher odds of anxiety and depression symptom severity and lower scores of SHS and SWEMWBS. Associations of PSU with lower SHS and SWEMWBS scores remained in respondents who screened negative for anxiety or depression symptoms. To conclude, PSU was associated with anxiety, depression, and impaired mental well-being. Associations of PSU with impaired mental well-being could be independent of anxiety or depression symptoms.

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