Mechanical state dynamics of the rapidly solidifying metal and corresponding thermoelectric effects

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-403
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical State ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects

The Absolute Constitution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Schupmann
Keyword(s):  
State Theory ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
Mechanical State ◽  
Equal Chance ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
The Absolute

Chapter 4 analyzes Schmitt’s constitutional theory and how it complements his state theory. It begins with Schmitt’s criticism of the predominant positivist conception of the constitution. Schmitt argued that the positivists’ “relativized” conception of the constitution was committed above all to the equal chance of any belief to be enacted into law. This chapter then analyzes Schmitt’s counterargument that, without a prior and “absolute” commitment to some substantive value, a constitution could not fulfill its basic purpose of providing a clearly defined and stable public order. Schmitt’s typology of Relative and Absolute Constitution maps onto his state theoretical distinction between mechanical state and absolute state. This chapter concludes by discussing Schmitt’s later analysis of the concept nomos and how his analysis builds on and develops his earlier work on the concept of the absolute constitution.

scholarly journals Surface contact behavior of functionally graded thermoelectric materials indented by a conducting punch

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Tian ◽  
Yueting Zhou ◽  
Lihua Wang ◽  
Shenghu Ding
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Singular Integral Equations ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Displacement Fields ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Homogeneous Solutions ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe contact problem for thermoelectric materials with functionally graded properties is considered. The material properties, such as the electric conductivity, the thermal conductivity, the shear modulus, and the thermal expansion coefficient, vary in an exponential function. Using the Fourier transform technique, the electro-thermo-elastic problems are transformed into three sets of singular integral equations which are solved numerically in terms of the unknown normal electric current density, the normal energy flux, and the contact pressure. Meanwhile, the complex homogeneous solutions of the displacement fields caused by the gradient parameters are simplified with the help of Euler’s formula. After addressing the non-linearity excited by thermoelectric effects, the particular solutions of the displacement fields can be assessed. The effects of various combinations of material gradient parameters and thermoelectric loads on the contact behaviors of thermoelectric materials are presented. The results give a deep insight into the contact damage mechanism of functionally graded thermoelectric materials (FGTEMs).

scholarly journals A Damage Model to Trabecular Bone and Similar Materials: Residual Resource, Effective Elasticity Modulus, and Effective Stress under Uniaxial Compression

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051
Author(s):  
Gennady Kolesnikov ◽  
Rudolf Meltser
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Effective Stress ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Energy Criterion ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Mechanical State ◽  
Similar Materials

Experimental research of bone strength remains costly and limited for ethical and technical reasons. Therefore, to predict the mechanical state of bone tissue, as well as similar materials, it is desirable to use computer technology and mathematical modeling. Yet, bone tissue as a bio-mechanical object with a hierarchical structure is difficult to analyze for strength and rigidity; therefore, empirical models are often used, the disadvantage of which is their limited application scope. The use of new analytical solutions overcomes the limitations of empirical models and significantly improves the way engineering problems are solved. Aim of the paper: the development of analytical solutions for computer models of the mechanical state of bone and similar materials. Object of research: a model of trabecular bone tissue as a quasi-brittle material under uniaxial compression (or tension). The new ideas of the fracture mechanics, as well as the methods of mathematical modeling and the biomechanics of bone tissues were used in the work. Compression and tension are considered as asymmetric mechanical states of the material. Results: a new nonlinear function that simulates both tension and compression is justified, analytical solutions for determining the effective and apparent elastic modulus are developed, the residual resource function and the damage function are justified, and the dependences of the initial and effective stresses on strain are obtained. Using the energy criterion, it is proven that the effective stress continuously increases both before and after the extremum point on the load-displacement plot. It is noted that the destruction of bone material is more likely at the inflection point of the load-displacement curve. The model adequacy is explained by the use of the energy criterion of material degradation. The results are consistent with the experimental data available in the literature.

scholarly journals Giant Magnetoresistance and Magneto-Thermopower in 3D Interconnected NixFe1−x/Cu Multilayered Nanowire Networks

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1133
Author(s):  
Nicolas Marchal ◽  
Tristan da Câmara Santa Clara Gomes ◽  
Flavio Abreu Araujo ◽  
Luc Piraux
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Nanowire Array ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Thermoelectric Effect ◽  
Heat Management ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Nanowire Network ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Nanowire Networks

The versatility of the template-assisted electrodeposition technique to fabricate complex three-dimensional networks made of interconnected nanowires allows one to easily stack ferromagnetic and non-magnetic metallic layers along the nanowire axis. This leads to the fabrication of unique multilayered nanowire network films showing giant magnetoresistance effect in the current-perpendicular-to-plane configuration that can be reliably measured along the macroscopic in-plane direction of the films. Moreover, the system also enables reliable measurements of the analogous magneto-thermoelectric properties of the multilayered nanowire networks. Here, three-dimensional interconnected NixFe1−x/Cu multilayered nanowire networks (with 0.60≤x≤0.97) are fabricated and characterized, leading to large magnetoresistance and magneto-thermopower ratios up to 17% and −25% in Ni80Fe20/Cu, respectively. A strong contrast is observed between the amplitudes of magnetoresistance and magneto-thermoelectric effects depending on the Ni content of the NiFe alloys. In particular, for the highest Ni concentrations, a strong increase in the magneto-thermoelectric effect is observed, more than a factor of 7 larger than the magnetoresistive effect for Ni97Fe3/Cu multilayers. This sharp increase is mainly due to an increase in the spin-dependent Seebeck coefficient from −7 µV/K for the Ni60Fe40/Cu and Ni70Fe30/Cu nanowire arrays to −21 µV/K for the Ni97Fe3/Cu nanowire array. The enhancement of the magneto-thermoelectric effect for multilayered nanowire networks based on dilute Ni alloys is promising for obtaining a flexible magnetic switch for thermoelectric generation for potential applications in heat management or logic devices using thermal energy.

scholarly journals Magnetic field amplification in newly-born neutron stars

1996 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 435-436
Author(s):  
H.-J. Wiebicke ◽  
U. Geppert
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Dipole Field ◽  
Numerical Calculations ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Field Amplification ◽  
Seed Field ◽  
Flux Conservation

AbstractWe present a scenario of magnetic field (MF) evolution of newly-born neutron stars (NSs). Numerical calculations show that in the hot phase of young NSs the MF can be amplified by thermoelectric effects, starting from a moderately strong seed-field. Therefore, there is no need to assume a 1012G dipole field immediately after the gravitational collapse of the supernova (SN) event. The widely accepted scenario for such a field to be produced by flux conservation during the collapse is critically discussed. Instead, it can be generated by amplification and selection effects in the first 104yrs, and by the subsequent fast ohmic decay of higher multipole components, when the NS cools down.

Boron nitride zigzag nanoribbons: optimal thermoelectric systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 22448-22454 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zberecki ◽  
R. Swirkowicz ◽  
J. Barnaś
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Thermoelectric Systems ◽  
The Density Functional Theory ◽  
Boron Nitride Nanoribbons

Conventional and spin related thermoelectric effects in zigzag boron nitride nanoribbons are studied theoretically within the Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach.

Spatial Profile of Thermoelectric Effects During Peltier Pulsing in Bi and Bi/MnBi Eutectic

1986 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Silberstein ◽  
D. J. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Directional Solidification ◽  
Joule Heating ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Thomson Effect ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Spatial Profile ◽  
Thermal Transients ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

AbstractWe have studied the spatial profile of the thermal transients that occur during and following the current pulsing associated with Peltier Interface Demarcation during directional solidification. Results for pure Bi are presented in detail and compared with corresponding results for the Bi/MnBi eutectic. Significant thermal transients occur throughout the sample that can be accounted for by the Peltier effect, the Thomson effect, and Joule heating. We have separated these effects and studied their behavior as a function of time, current density, and position with respect to the solid/liquid interface.

scholarly journals Thermoelectric effects in nanowire-based MOSFETs

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Bosisio ◽  
Geneviève Fleury ◽  
Cosimo Gorini ◽  
Jean-Louis Pichard
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Effects
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