scholarly journals There is nothing new under the sun

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (05) ◽  
pp. R04
Author(s):  
Erik Stengler
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Virtual Technology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Rhetorical Tools

A novel and original take on the history of popular science showcases that making science accessible to the public has been part of scientific activity since ancient times. Under this lens, and through twenty-one case studies, current trends such as sci-art and virtual technology can be seen as part of a continuum that was already present in the use of aesthetic and rhetorical tools by the ancient Greeks. Thanks to a careful curation of the collection of texts, this volume as a whole offers more than the sum of its parts (chapters).

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF THE RUSSIAN MARITIME UNION

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
MEDET TECHMURATOVICH JORAEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Far East ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Public Organization ◽  
The Public ◽  
Domestic Literature ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Technical Innovations

The article is devoted to the aspects of scientific activity of the Russian Maritime Union. This public organization in the early twentieth century set itself the task of reviving the Russian imperial navy after the defeat in the russo - japanese war of 1904-1905. Meetings of a public organization where scientific problems were discussed are considered. Special attention is paid to the existing rules for publishing a collection of scientific papers by the leaders of the Russian Maritime Union. Information is given on issues related to the colonization of remote areas of Siberia and the Far East. The reasons for the lag of Russian commercial shipping from Western European countries are investigated. The prerequisites for the successful development of German commercial shipbuilding and shipping in the early twentieth century are analyzed. The relationship between the problems of development of Siberian rivers and the unsatisfactory economic condition of remote Russian territories is traced. The history of domestic public organizations and naval affairs in the early twentieth century is studied. In addition, the organization of the Russian maritime union for the promotion of naval knowledge is being considered. The public organization subscribed specialized foreign and domestic literature and created libraries on these issues, open to the public. Then the Russian maritime union attracted such technical innovations as cinematog- raphy and filmstrips to promote naval knowledge among the Russian population.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF EVOLUTION OF THE PROFESSION «ARCHITECT»: CHANGES IN REQUIREMENTS AND NEW CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
M. Fedorova ◽  
A. Gorchatova
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
History Of Evolution ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Very High

The rapidly changing world around us requires constant reflection and assessment of past changes and metamorphoses in order to prepare for the challenges of the future. The speed of change today is very high and every step aimed at adapting to these changes must have an appropriate basis. The cost of errors and delay increases many times. The article presents a brief history of the evolution of the profession of architect abroad and in Russia, with an emphasis on the methods of training future architects and the disciplines studied. The retrospective analysis is aimed at identifying patterns and features of the development of professional skills from ancient times to the present. It allows us to assess how much the attitude to the profession, approaches to education and the status of the architect has changed over the past time, how gradually there was a transition from a «significant figure in society» to a «blurring of the boundaries» of the profession, its branching. The analysis of current trends presented in the second part aims to formulate the requirements for which it is necessary to prepare future specialists in the field of architecture (the development of Smart cities and co-participating design), as well as to evaluate approaches to the participation of architects in the development of Smart cities abroad.

The Oxford Handbook of Music Listening in the 19th and 20th Centuries

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Musical Cultures ◽  
History Of

This handbook takes on the task of examining the history of music listening over the past two hundred years. It uses the “art of listening” as a leitmotif encompassing an entanglement of interdependent practices and discourses about a learnable mode of perception. The art of listening first emerged around 1800 and was adopted and adapted across the public realm to suit a wide range of collective listening situations from popular to serious art forms up to the present day. Because this is a relatively new subject in historical research, the volume combines case studies from several disciplines in order to investigate whether, how, and why practices of music listening changed. Focusing on a diverse set of locations and actors and using a range of historical sources, it attempts to historicize and reconstruct the evolution of listening styles to show the wealth of variants in listening. In doing so, it challenges the inherited image of the silent listener as the dominant force in musical cultures.

Cultivating Extreme Art Cinema

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Art Cinema ◽  
Home Video ◽  
The Public ◽  
Close Textual Analysis ◽  
Public Persona ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marketing Tool

The use of hard-core sex and brutal violence in films such as Antichrist, Romance and Irreversible has been branded by many as an unsophisticated attempt to attract audiences. These accusations of gimmickry have been directed towards a range of extreme art films, however they have rarely been explored in detail. This book therefore seeks to investigate the validity of these claims by considering the extent to which these often infamous sequences of extremity inform the commercial identity of the film. Through close textual analysis of various paratexts, the book examines how sleeve designs, blurbs, and special features manage these extreme reputations, and the extent to which they exploit the supposed value of extremity. The book positions the tangible home video product as a bearer of meaning, capable of defining the public persona of the film. The book explores the ways home video artefacts communicate to both highbrow and lowbrow audiences by drawing from contradicting marketing traditions, as well as examining the means through which they breach long-standing taste distinctions. Including case studies from both art cinema and exploitation cinema – such as Cannibal Holocaust, Salò, Or the 120 Days of Sodom, Weekend and Antichrist – the book explores the complicated dichotomies between these cinematic traditions, offering a fluid history of extreme art cinema while challenging existing accounts of the field. Ultimately, the book argues that extremity – far from being a simple marketing tool – is a complex and multifaceted commercial symbol.

Edmond Halley and Newton’s Principia

1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Physical Science ◽  
Public History ◽  
Elliptical Orbit ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Public ◽  
Inverse Square Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Third Law

Halley’s part in the conception, development, printing and publication of the Principia , as seen from Newton’s side, is well known and well documented,1 and to that I have nothing to add. Without Halley, the stimulus, the critic, the supporter, editor and publisher, there would have been no Principia , or at least no published Principia as we now have it. Newton would probably have remained in relative obscurity in Cambridge and be known to us for his mathematics and optics but perhaps not as an outstanding figure in the history of science. Without Halley we should not have had Newton’s grand conception of how physical science should be pursued, the conception that still guides us. Although well established, the public history of still raises questions. It runs as follows. In the evening of 24 January 1684, at the Royal Society, Wren, Hooke and Halley discussed Halley’s demonstration that Kepler’s third law implied that the attraction of the Sun upon the planets was as the inverse of the square of the distance from them, and Wren offered to give books to the value of 40 shillings to whomever of Hooke and Halley could first show (before the end of March) that the inverse square law led to an elliptical orbit. March came and went. Wren’s books were not claimed, but not until August did Halley call on Newton in Cambridge. Why so long a delay? All three seem to have appreciated that the question was very important, but more than four months passed from the end of March before Halley went to Cambridge. Hooke would hardly have admitted his failure by asking Newton, and Wren was no doubt much occupied with building St Paul’s and otherwise, but Halley might surely have gone at his first opportunity. In fact it seems that he did.

SCIENTIFIC JUDGMENT AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT "FUNCTION" OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Luhovenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Judgment

The relevance of a question of redistribution of obligations of the state on accomplishment of social and economic tasks leads both to revision of its functions, and to delegation of some of them to the public sector. Current trends of development of society lead to change of views of such classical category as "function". In article scientific approaches to determination of the concept "functions" as categories of management of modern scientists and founders of managerial science who studied the theory and the history of management during the different periods are investigated. The author in details analysed essence and characteristic of the term "function" and "functionality" in the context of the public and branch management and also the emphasis on various forms of their treatments is placed. On the basis of the analysis of a large number of determinations and formulations of this category, own determination of functions of public administration in the social and economic sphere of Ukraine is formulated. The list of the main functions of the state which accomplishment influence forming and development of modern Ukrainian society is specified. Separately also separation into the general and support functions of public administration is specified, their contents is analysed. In the course of the research are formulated and opened own understanding of the concept "function" of various spheres of management. In article it is assumed that function of observation it is better than the state performs society in the desire to aspiration of justice. Refining of function of observation, as such following from control and the analysis is also offered. It is noted if management has such purpose as personnel filling and resource providing, then functions have to be guided accurately from these requirements. Analyzing a question of functions of public administration, the author noted that consideration of problems of the social and economic sphere demands special functionality which in turn has to be modernized according to market requirements and a maturity of society.

scholarly journals Theatre, Science, and the Popular: Two Contemporary Examples From Scandinavia

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Skjoldager-Nielsen ◽  
Kim Skjoldager-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theatre Studies ◽  
Science Theatre ◽  
Point Of Departure

This article explores relations between theatre, science, and the popular, which have largely been overlooked by Nordic theatre studies. The aim here is to introduce and understand the variety of ways theatre may communicate science to the public, the point of departure informed by the historical development of the relations between the three concepts and Edmund Husserl’s phenomenological critique of modern science. The two analytical examples are Swedish Charlotte Engelkes’ and Peder Bjurman’s Svarta hål – en kvantfysisk vaudeville (2014) and Danish Hotel Pro Forma’s adult per­formance for children Kosmos+ En Big Bang forestilling om universets vidundre (2014).History of science reveals complex combinations of science and the popular in theatri­cal events that raises the question if the audience’s understanding of the scientific sub­ject matter itself always was – or has to be – the purpose of the popular science perfor­mance, or if it rather was – and is – about spurring interest by inspiring sentiments of wonder and reflection on science’s impact on life and outlooks. Newer conceptual devel­opments also suggest that it is not always the case that theatre is a tool for sci­ence popularisation, as a specific genre science theatre, but that scientific information and concepts are artistically interpreted by theatre, and not always in ways affirmative of the science. This later variant is called science-in-theatre. The two genres are demon­strated through the analyses of Svarta hål and Kosmos+, the claim being that the first was an ambiguous exposition of science, i.e. science-in-theatre, whereas the second established an artistically visionary affirmation, as regular science theatre.

Co-Creation and Public Archaeology

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bollwerk ◽  
Robert Connolly ◽  
Carol McDavid
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Archaeology ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Business Sectors ◽  
Descendant Communities

AbstractThis paper serves a dual purpose. First it is an introduction that aims to frame a set of papers that describe and discuss the process of co-creation in a variety of archaeological projects. We discuss the challenge of community engagement in public archaeology and offer co-creative practice as a method for improving our relationships with descendant communities and the general public. We begin by providing a definition of public archaeology and a brief overview of its evolution over the last few decades. Second, we discuss co-creation’s origins and utilization in the museum and business sectors, where the process is applied to address challenges similar to those archaeologists face. We then demonstrate how co-creation fits into the public/applied archaeological framework. We argue that co-creation must be both co (that is, share power in some way) and creative (that is, not just do the same things better, but do something new). Within this framework, we discuss how co-creation aligns with and informs current trends in public archaeology practice drawing from the case studies included in this issue. We conclude that co-creation has an important place on the collaborative continuum and can help our discipline become more responsive to the needs of our many publics.

EVOLUTION OF TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF RENTAL HOUSING IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia A. KOLOSOVSKAIA ◽  
Natalia D. POTIENKO
Keyword(s):  
Topological Structure ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Architectural Planning ◽  
Typological Structure ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the history of the construction and study of the diversity of rental housing typological structure from ancient times to the present day in some foreign countries. Examples of housing policy in the field of tenancy are presented. Urban planning, architectural, planning, design and stylistic methods of design and construction of rental housing abroad are studied. The impact of socio-economic relations in the society, the transformation of the typological structure of rental housing, the level of comfort, quality accommodation, as well as a change in the planning structure of cities are considered in historical perspective. The current trends and the principles of rental housing and apartment buildings abroad are marked. The need for the construction of rental housing in Russia to improve the living conditions of a vast proportion of Russians is justified.

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