scholarly journals Marine and ocean sciences in Mexico: living with our backs to the sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. C09
Author(s):  
Ana Claudia Nepote ◽  
Pedro Medina-Rosas
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Public Communication ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Tropical Ecosystems ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Ocean Sciences ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Threatened Habitat

Despite Mexico has coasts in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, people's connection towards the sea and marine environments is quite poor. Our commentary focuses on Mexico's coral reefs, relevant tropical ecosystems to human and oceanic welfare, and it emerges from the experience of the production of an itinerant coral reefs exhibit in Mexico, committed to the conservation and awareness of this threatened habitat. The UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development starts in 2021 and represents an opportunity to increase initiatives for public communication of science on marine and oceanic issues in Mexico and the world.

The Future of Conservation in Polynesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Ehrlich ◽  
H. F. Recher
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Tropical Storms ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
National Governments

Polynesia is a part of the world where tourism, especially focused on rich coral reefs, is an important part of the economy. But from the viewpoint of both tourism and conservation biology, it is one of the most threatened areas of the world. Here the ethical issues are somewhat different. How long can this dependence continue and at what cost? What is the ethical planning course for the Region?s national governments, not just in Polynesia, but throughout the Pacific? Like the general activities on the islands, tourism is heavily dependent on petroleum, both for bringing tourists and supplies and for maintaining them. Thus, the very industry that contributes so importantly to Polynesia?s economic viability also contributes significantly to human-induced global warming. As a region, Polynesia is particularly threatened by the accelerating impacts of global warming. Virtually all the islands are threatened by sea level rise, the atolls by inundation, and the high islands by flooding of infrastructure that is concentrated in low coastal areas. There are also the risks of increased and more intense tropical storms, as well as the risks to ocean ecosystems from rising temperatures and the increased acidification of ocean waters.

scholarly journals Rock anchoring in Karimun Jawa, Indonesia: Ecological impacts and management implications

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Maynard ◽  
K. R. N. Anthony ◽  
S. Afatta ◽  
L. F. Anggraini ◽  
D. Haryanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World

Coral reefs everywhere are under increasing pressure from a suite of stressors. Recently, threats associated with climate change have been brought closer into focus and now dominate discussions and debate relating to the coral reef crisis (Hughes et al. 2003, Hoegh-Guldberg et al. 2007). Indeed, mitigating local stressors on coral reefs has been given less priority and publicity than the global need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Interestingly though, recent surveys demonstrate that most reef scientists agree that coral reefs are under greater threat from impacts associated with human population growth, coastal development, and overfishing than from global climate change (Kleypas and Eakin 2007). This is especially true for the reefs in SE Asia and the Pacific, which make up the bulk of the reefs in the world (Bryant et al. 1998). In these areas, regulations to ensure that anthropogenic activities near and on coral reefs are conducted sustainably, such as development, sanitation, fishing and even tourism; either do not exist or are rarely enforced due to a lack of resources. Here, we present one such example from Indonesia, one of the most densely populated countries in the world, a country where over 60% of the population relies in some way on marine resources.

scholarly journals Brazilian Coast: A Significant Gap in the Knowledge of Cyanobacteria and Their Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiara A. Caires ◽  
Helen Michelle de J. Affe
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Marine Cyanobacteria ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Biochemically Active Compounds ◽  
Diverse Groups

Brazil has 10.959 km of coastline which includes three ecoregions based on the biogeographic system, exhibiting a wide range of environments that favor the occurrence of numerous cyanobacterial morpho- and ecotypes. These organisms have a great adaptive capacity, which explains their occupancy in numerous environments and the high diversification of the group. Historically, the cyanobacteria have been classified only based on morphology, which makes their taxonomy quite challenging. There is usually little morphological variation between taxa, which makes it difficult to identify diacritical characteristics between some genera and species, making intergeneric and intraspecific delimitation tough. Thereby, the polyphasic approach based on different tools allows the identification of new taxa and the reassessment of those already established with more reliability, contributing to a better systematic resolution of the world ‘cyanoflora’, a term that we propose herein to describe the diversity of Cyanobacteria into Phycoflora area. However, the use of these tools is still not widely applied to most genera and species, especially those from tropical and subtropical environments, which has limited the real recognition of their biodiversity, as well as the knowledge about the cyanobacteria’s evolutionary history and biogeography. In Brazil, even with the great development of phycological studies, the knowledge about Cyanobacteria from marine benthic environments has not evolved to the same degree. This phylum has been neglected in floristic surveys, presenting only 46 benthic species reported to the long Brazilian coastline, evidencing the still incipient knowledge about the diversity and distribution of this microorganism’s group. Furthermore, biotechnological properties of Brazilian marine cyanobacteria are still almost completely unknown, with only three studies carried out to date, underestimating one of the most diverse groups and with promising potential for the possibility of isolating new biochemically active compounds. The ten new taxa related to the Brazilian coast in the last decade emphasizes the challenge of conducting further floristic surveys in the underexplored marine environments in order to fill an important lacune in the cyanoflora knowledge, as well as their biogeographic distribution and biotechnological potential. Besides, the recognition of the Brazilian cyanoflora makes an important contribution to the understanding of the functioning and monitoring of marine ecosystems and provide data for the construction of future public policies, which is a goal of the United Nations Decade for Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

scholarly journals BBS News Vol.9(2)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Shamima Parvin Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Great Honor ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World

20th Asian Bioethics Conference (ABC20) will be held on 22-25 Nov, 2019 at Dhaka, Bangladesh, organized by Bangladesh Bioethics Society (BBS) and  in the cooperation with DGHS, Ministry of Health and Family welfare, People Republic of Bangladesh and in conjunction with ABA and Eubios Ethics Institute, Thailand, New Zeeland’s and Japan. It provides opportunity for all scholars around the world to gather feedback on their research, maximize networking opportunities, and learn the latest news and information and methodologies on bioethics.  It is our great honor to welcome you to the ABC20 at Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bangladesh Bioethics Society (BBS) is the pioneer in bioethics, has been promoting integrity for sustainable development of Bangladesh since the beginning of 21st century. These actions reflect the nation’s effort as a member of the global community in developing science and biotechnology as well as in societal reform for protecting civil rights in ethical, legal, and social senses. The conference brings together scholars and policy makers from many disciplines all around the world (beyond just Asia and the Pacific) to discuss and deliberate on the latest issues facing humanity. The previous conferences was held in China, Japan, Korea, Turkey, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, Iran, the Philippines and Taiwan. Please view at http://www.abc20.bioethics.org.bd/index.html

scholarly journals Transferring Complex Scientific Knowledge to Useable Products for Society: The Role of the Global Integrated Ocean Assessment and Challenges in the Effective Delivery of Ocean Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Evans ◽  
Tymon Zielinski ◽  
S. Chiba ◽  
Carlos Garcia-Soto ◽  
Henn Ojaveer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Regular Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations

The ocean provides essential services to human wellbeing through climate regulation, provision of food, energy and livelihoods, protection of communities and nurturing of social and cultural values. Yet despite the ocean’s key role for all life, it is failing as a result of unsustainable human practices. The first global integrated assessment of the marine environment, produced by the United Nations under The Regular Process for Global Reporting and Assessment of the State of the Marine Environment, including Socioeconomic Aspects (the World Ocean Assessment), identified an overall decline in ocean health. The second assessment, launched in April 2021, although recognising some bright spots and improvements, stresses ongoing decline in the ocean as a result of many unabated anthropogenic stressors on the ocean. This highlights that society, as a whole, does not fully recognise or value the importance of the ocean to their lives and impacts on the ocean caused by human activities. Further, recognition of the need for immediate and effective solutions for mitigating impacts and enabling ecosystem recovery, and the associated societal changes required is lacking. The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 2021–2030 both recognize that sustainability is both a desired and essential pathway for ensuring the ocean can continue to provide the services society depends on. The World Ocean Assessment has an important role to play in increasing awareness of the ocean, the changes occurring in the ocean, the human activities causing those changes and the progress being made in reducing and mitigating the impacts of human activities on the marine environment. This paper outlines the knowledge brokering role that the Regular Process provides on ocean issues to all aspects of society from policy makers, ocean managers, ocean users to the public. It identifies the challenges faced by the Regular Process in successfully carrying out that role and lessons learned in achieving widespread uptake and recognition. Within the Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, solutions in the form of instructions or guidelines for the use of the assessment can be developed and implemented.

scholarly journals Marine Spatial Planning in Colombia: Advances and Challenges Facing the Implementation of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (Vol Esp. 2) ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Sonia González ◽  
Iván Marín ◽  
Carlos Verano ◽  
Alejandro Castro ◽  
Laura Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Coastal Planning ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Ocean Sciences ◽  
The United Nations

The oceans present high levels of degradation and affectation by human activities and global warming, hence the use of the Decade of Ocean Sciences for Sustainable Development of the United Nations 2021-2030 (Decade), where Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is included, are seen as initiatives that contribute to improve the current situation of the world’s marine ecosystems. In Colombia the MSP is understood as the Marine-Coastal Planning (OMC by its acronym in Spanish) and even though it has presented progress in recent years, due to the lack of approval of law projects, there are legal gaps in Marine-Coastal Planning that hinders its development. However, the policy instruments that Colombia has on oceans and coastal spaces such as the National Policy of the Ocean and Coastal Spaces (PNOEC by its acronym in Spanish) and the CONPES “Colombia Sustainable Bioceanic Power 2030” (CONPES 3990 by its acronym in Spanish) turn out to be strategic tools that help to complement those gaps found. Through this article, a diagnosis of the panorama of MSP in Colombia is made regarding the implementation of plans and projects that the Decade can develop and strengthen in the country. For which a bibliographic review of the main policies and instruments of Marine-Coastal Planning in Colombia was carried out.

Ocean Sciences in Relation to Living Resources

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1059-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bakun ◽  
Jan Beyer ◽  
Daniel Pauly ◽  
John G. Pope ◽  
Gary D. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Fishery Resource ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Ocean Sciences ◽  
Research Problems

The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission's Resolution XI-17 on Ocean Sciences in Support of Living Resources specifies that programs should be formulated in applied ocean research related to fishery problems. In this report we identify some types of needed research. We discuss the relative importance of the various life history stages to the question of resource variation regarding difficulties in sampling or studying on relevant scales. Our report stresses identification and accounting for causal climate-driven ambient variations. Some testable hypotheses relating the larval stages are given as examples of useful research. We also describe research needed on predation and species interactions. Examples of specific systems where important ecological processes need intense study are given. Upwelling areas, coral reefs, tropical and shelf demersal fisheries, and the open ocean fisheries each require different types and scales of study. The importance of data accessability and multidisciplinary research activities, beginning with dialogues between the ocean research and fishery resource scientists is paramount to successful completion of these tasks. The examples provided may stimulate further effort to identify resource research problems and programs for resolving them.Key words: ocean science, living resources, life history cycles, fishery recruitment, predation, species interactions, fish eggs and larvae, vertical stability of the ocean, advection, convergence and divergence, upwelling systems, coral reefs, tropical demersal fisheries

Social Design for Services Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie SARANTOU ◽  
Satu MIETTINEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Social Design ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This paper addresses the fields of social and service design in development contexts, practice-based and constructive design research. A framework for social design for services will be explored through the survey of existing literature, specifically by drawing on eight doctoral theses that were produced by the World Design research group. The work of World Design researcher-designers was guided by a strong ethos of social and service design for development in marginalised communities. The paper also draws on a case study in Namibia and South Africa titled ‘My Dream World’. This case study presents a good example of how the social design for services framework functions in practice during experimentation and research in the field. The social design for services framework transfers the World Design group’s research results into practical action, providing a tool for the facilitation of design and research processes for sustainable development in marginal contexts.

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