scholarly journals Science cafés. Cross-cultural adaptation and educational applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. A01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Norton ◽  
Kayoko Nohara
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Personal Skills ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Educational Applications ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Science Cafe

Tokyo Institute of Technology (TokyoTech) has been developing a number of methodologies to teach graduate students the theory and practice of science communication since 2005. One of the tools used is the science café, where students are taught about the background based primarily on theoretical models developed in the UK. They then apply that knowledge and adapt it the Japanese cultural context and plan, execute and review outcomes as part of their course. In this paper we review 4 years of experience in using science cafés in this educational context; we review the background to the students’ decision-making and consensus-building process towards deciding on the style and subject to be used, and the value this has in illuminating the cultural influences on the science café design and implementation. We also review the value of the science café as an educational tool and conclude that it has contributed to a number of teaching goals related to both knowledge and the personal skills required to function effectively in an international environment.

Teaching science communication: courses, curricula, theory and practice

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Turney
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Course Materials ◽  
Sociology Of Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Recent Conference ◽  
Academic Courses ◽  
The Uk

Science communication teaching is a growing area in the UK, and a recent conference brought together teachers of existing and proposed courses to share information and experience. Their courses were of several types, from purely media skills courses for working scientists to theoretical and academic courses for undergraduate and postgraduate students in science, science studies and journalism. The conference stressed the value of skills but also of a theoretical background, and delegates welcomed contributions from fields such as the sociology of scientific knowledge and cognitive psychology. The conference established an electronic network, and formed a committee to maintain the group's interest and activities in the development of course materials and curricula.

scholarly journals The Social Lives of Infectious Diseases: Why Culture Matters to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Bayeh ◽  
Maya A. Yampolsky ◽  
Andrew G. Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Health And Illness

Over the course of the year 2020, the global scientific community dedicated considerable effort to understanding COVID-19. In this review, we discuss some of the findings accumulated between the onset of the pandemic and the end of 2020, and argue that although COVID-19 is clearly a biological disease tied to a specific virus, the culture–mind relation at the heart of cultural psychology is nonetheless essential to understanding the pandemic. Striking differences have been observed in terms of relative mortality, transmission rates, behavioral responses, official policies, compliance with authorities, and even the extent to which beliefs about COVID-19 have been politicized across different societies and groups. Moreover, many minority groups have very different experiences of the pandemic relative to dominant groups, notably through existing health inequities as well as discrimination and marginalization, which we believe calls for a better integration of political and socioeconomic factors into cultural psychology and into the narrative of health and illness in psychological science more broadly. Finally, individual differences in, for example, intolerance of uncertainty, optimism, conspiratorial thinking, or collectivist orientation are influenced by cultural context, with implications for behaviors that are relevant to the spread and impact of COVID-19, such as mask-wearing and social distancing. The interplay between cultural context and the experience and expression of mental disorders continues to be documented by cultural-clinical psychology; the current work extends this thinking to infectious disease, with special attention to diseases spread by social contact and fought at least in part through social interventions. We will discuss cultural influences on the transmission, course, and outcome of COVID-19 at three levels: (1) cross-society differences; (2) within-society communities and intergroup relations; and (3) individual differences shaped by cultural context. We conclude by considering potential theoretical implications of this perspective on infectious disease for cultural psychology and related disciplines, as well as practical implications of this perspective on science communication and public health interventions.

scholarly journals Structuri sociale și identități etnice în epoca metalelor în sud-estul Europei

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
Simona Lazăr
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cultural Features

In the last decades there had been proposed several theoretical models for different types of exchanges, from those that took place among the neighboring communities to the long distances ones, through the help of the intermediaries. The mechanisms of the goods circulation, essentially different from what we understand today through this process, were based on the principles of reciprocity and redistribution. In order to understand them, and also other aspects related to the complex system of the social and power relations, an important role had the ethno-anthropological studies that offered different interpretation models. It was debated a lot in the Anglo-Saxon literature and not only, on the fact that the contemporary archaeologist judges, inevitably, the objects and the concrete situations from the digs, according to some criteria completely different from the studied cultural context, because he belongs to another “world”, with other psych-socio-cultural features than the people from the near past, this socio-social distance that comes between the archaeologist and the artifact, along with the temporal one, determining the opacity of the last one.   The archaeological data mustn’t permanently inter-relate with the theories. It isn’t always sure that these “stylistic” or “aesthetic” criteria that we consider to be significant were considered the same by the potter from the past. The “style” changes had been many times forcedly associated with the replacement of an archaeological culture with another or changes in the ethnic structure of a community. The changes that appeared in certain types of artifacts can be explained only through economic or symbolic mutations, not necessarily through cultural influences understood linearly (as the representation of some chronological relations between the human groups or through the ethnic relation).

Complementarity of capabilities across cultures

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Anning-Dorson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Complementarity Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Customer Involvement ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how service firms across two different cultural contexts use their customer involvement capabilities to create competitive advantage. The study further assesses the possible complementarity effect of innovation and involvement capabilities in enhancing firm competitiveness. Lastly, the study draws on the complementarity of capabilities and social institutions to examine whether different cultural contexts explain the use of involvement capability among service firms. Design/methodology/approach The study sampled service firms from an emerging economy (India) and high-income economy (The UK), which have different cultural contexts (collectivism/individualist) to assess the hypothesized relationship. Data collection processes were adapted to the contexts to optimize reliability and relevance. Multi-group structural equation modeling was used in analyzing the data. Findings The study finds that cultural contexts explain the positive relationship between customer involvement capability and firm competitiveness such that in collectivist cultures, involvement capability is more positively related to competitiveness but negative in individualistic contexts. However, in both contexts, service firms can through capability bundling increase firm competitiveness. The study found that the complementarity effects of innovation and involvement capabilities were found to be positive in both contexts. Originality/value This study departs from previous studies by arguing that customer involvement is a complementary capability that helps exploit the potential of innovation capability of service firms. This study further demonstrates that cultural context defines the effectiveness of involvement capability in achieving firm competitiveness.

scholarly journals Digital curation: the development of a discipline within information science

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1318-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Curation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Financial Ecology

Purpose Digital curation addresses the technical, administrative and financial ecology required to ensure that digital information remains accessible and usable over the long term. The purpose of this paper is to trace digital curation’s disciplinary emergence and examine its position within the information sciences domain in terms of theoretical principles, using a case study of developments in the UK and the USA. Design/methodology/approach Theoretical principles regarding disciplinary development and the identity of information science as a discipline are applied to a case study of the development of digital curation in the UK and the USA to identify the maturity of digital curation and its position in the information science gamut. Findings Digital curation is identified as a mature discipline which is a sub-meta-discipline of information science. As such digital curation has reach across all disciplines and sub-disciplines of information science and has the potential to become the overarching paradigm. Practical implications These findings could influence digital curation’s development from applied discipline to profession within both its educational and professional domains. Originality/value The disciplinary development of digital curation within dominant theoretical models has not hitherto been articulated.

The Symphony of Temperance in Republic 4

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tosca Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Choral Singing ◽  
Musical Concepts ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
The Ideal

This paper calls into question a long-lasting but ill-founded tenet of Platonic scholarship, namely that Plato was not interested in, or aware of, the technical implications of the musical concepts he employed in the dialogues. Conversely, I will show how Plato exploited the technical and practical features of the concept ofsymphōnía dià pasôn, and of choral singing more generally, to highlight the unique role played by temperance (sōphrosýnē) in the ideal city. More precisely I contend that Plato’s musical images, far from being decorative or purely metaphoric devices, enrich our understanding of this ethical notion precisely by means of their technical and performative implications, which were very familiar to the original readers of theRepublic. Hence musical theory and practice, in addition to being central elements of the cultural context in which Plato’s reflections must be interpreted, represent also a repertoire of concepts that significantly informed his philosophical theories.

scholarly journals PERSONALITY AND JOB OUTCOMES: MEDIATION OF ETHICAL IDEOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1206-1219
Author(s):  
Rudsada Kaewsaeng-on ◽  
Tariq Iqbal Khan ◽  
Abdul Zahid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Interpersonal Conflict ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethical Ideology ◽  
Job Outcomes

Purpose: This study aims to theorize new conceptual linkages between two popular paradigms of management research personality (Big Five Trait) and ethics (Ethical Ideology). Big Five personality traits and ethical ideology dimensions (idealism and relativism) relationship with job outcomes such as interpersonal conflict, workplace deviance, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) were proposed. Methodology: This study adopted a longitudinal field survey design. Data analysis for descriptive, regression, and correlation techniques, was done using SPSS v 17 whereas conduct Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of study variables was done using AMOS v 16. Main Findings: Results revealed significant association of i) extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness with OCB, ii) Agreeableness and neuroticism with workplace deviance and iii) agreeableness, openness to experience, neuroticism with interpersonal conflict. Moreover, agreeableness was a significant predictor of idealism ethical ideology, neuroticism and openness to experience were significant predictors of relativism ethical ideology. Idealism significantly predicted interpersonal conflict and OCB and relativism significantly predicted workplace deviance and interpersonal conflict. Idealism ethical ideology mediated between extraversion and interpersonal conflict, agreeableness and interpersonal conflict as well as OCB. On the other hand, relativism ethical ideology mediated between openness to experience and interpersonal conflict. Similarly, relativism also mediated between neuroticism and two job outcomes (interpersonal conflict, workplace deviance). Limitations/ Applications: Future research directions and implications for theory and practice are suggested. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study explained the conceptual mechanism that individual outcomes of the Big Five traits are determined through the ethical ideology of the respective personality trait; moreover, this study also added empirical evidence in existing OB literature from a unique cultural context i.e., Pakistan.

scholarly journals A Systematic Map of Inclusion, Equity and Diversity in Science Communication Research: Do We Practice what We Preach?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Judd ◽  
Merryn McKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Systematic Map ◽  
Communication Practice ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion

Effective engagement with diverse stakeholders, combating misinformation and encouraging wider participation in science is core to science communication practice, and comprises much of the current focus of research in the discipline. Global events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have clearly shown that social inequalities also manifest within communication structures, including those of science communication. Practices which are inclusive of diverse audiences are key if we wish to engage diverse audiences in finding solutions to societal issues. Yet there is little available evidence to show which diverse, marginalised and/or excluded groups are being engaged within science communication, and via what means. This paper develops a systematic map of academic literature spanning 40 years to provide a preliminary evidence base of how diversity and inclusion within science communication research and practice is conceived and implemented. Although the discipline has shown an increased focus within the last 5 years, science communication must evolve further in order to develop a robust evidence base for understanding what constitutes inclusive science communication in both theory and practice.

scholarly journals Organizations and national culture

Sociologija ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Mojic
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Organizational Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Multicultural Organizations ◽  
Organizational Study ◽  
The 1960S

The paper deals with the most important contributions in studying cultural influences on organizations. The interest of social scientists in this topic began in the 1960s, based on the belief that it was necessary to overcome the dominant parochialism of US researchers in organizational theory and practice. Increasing internationalization of business activities, especially in the 1970s, imposed the need for large-scale studies and for finding practical solutions to the completely new problems encountered by multicultural organizations whose number was constantly rising. In spite of numerous and serious difficulties in every cross-cultural organizational study, several decades of development in this field have produced important theoretical and empirical contributions, enabling further advances in this scientific and practical discipline.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document