scholarly journals Networking at global and community levels for control of diseases

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. C03
Author(s):  
Indira Nath
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
Fast Transport ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Health Need

The world is facing an unprecedented situation in health management as fast transport and travel lead to spread of diseases at a rate that has not been seen before and into countries that had once conquered them. This is even more evident with infectious diseases which do not respect geopolitical barriers or economic progress. It is becoming increasingly clear that control of such diseases and good practices for public health need global sharing of knowledge and international cooperation. In addition networking of institutions involved in health care with the communities that they serve is fundamental to containing diseases and promoting good health. For reasons as yet unclear even non infectious diseases such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes are also increasing at an alarming rate globally. The advantages of international networking and timely communication which contained three diseases will be discussed in this article.

scholarly journals Taiwan’s Successful COVID-19 Mitigation and Containment Strategy: Achieving Quasi Population Immunity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Chien Chien ◽  
Christian K. Beÿ ◽  
Kristi L. Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
Containment Strategy ◽  
Local Transmission ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

ABSTRACT The authors describe Taiwan’s successful strategy in achieving control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) without economic shutdown, despite the prediction that millions of infections would be imported from travelers returning from Chinese New Year celebrations in Mainland China in early 2020. As of September 2, 2020, Taiwan reports 489 cases, 7 deaths, and no locally acquired COVID-19 cases for the last 135 days (greater than 4 months) in its population of over 23.8 million people. Taiwan created quasi population immunity through the application of established public health principles. These non-pharmaceutical interventions, including public masking and social distancing, coupled with early and aggressive identification, isolation, and contact tracing to inhibit local transmission, represent a model for optimal public health management of COVID-19 and future emerging infectious diseases.

scholarly journals The fast transmission of infectious diseases around the world – a new concern to the public health

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-515
Author(s):  
Dennis Minoru Fujita ◽  
Luiz Henrique da Silva Nali ◽  
Paulo Roberto Urbano ◽  
Débora Maringoni Soeiro ◽  
Heitor Franco de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Fast Transmission

scholarly journals Hand-hygiene mitigation strategies against global disease spreading through the air transportation network

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Nicolaides ◽  
Demetris Avraam ◽  
Luis Cueto-Felgueroso ◽  
Marta C. González ◽  
Ruben Juanes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Air Transportation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTHand hygiene is considered as an efficient and cost-effective way to limit the spread of diseases and, as such, it is recommended by both the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). While the effect of hand washing on individual transmissibility of a disease has been studied through medical and public-health research, its potential as a mitigation strategy against a global pandemic has not been fully explored yet. In this study, we investigate contagion dynamics through the world air transportation network and analyze the impact of hand-hygiene behavioural changes of airport population against the spread of infectious diseases worldwide. Using a granular dataset of the world air transportation traffic, we build a detailed individual mobility model that controls for the correlated and recurrent nature of human travel and the waiting-time distributions of individuals at different locations. We perform a Monte-Carlo simulation study to assess the impact of different hand-washing mitigation strategies at the early stages of a global epidemic. From the simulation results we find that increasing the hand cleanliness homogeneously at all airports in the world can inhibit the impact of a potential pandemic by 24 to 69%. By quantifying and ranking the contribution of the different airports to the mitigation of an epidemic outbreak, we identify ten key airports at the core of a cost-optimal deployment of the hand-washing strategy: increasing the engagement rate at those locations alone could potentially reduce a world pandemic by 8 to 37%. This research provides evidence of the effectiveness of hand hygiene in airports on the global spread of infectious diseases, and has important implications for the way public-health policymakers may design new effective strategies to enhance hand hygiene in airports through behavioral changes.

scholarly journals Eliminating Dengue Fever should be Easy Compared to Malaria – In a Malaysian Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-71
Author(s):  
A. M. Meer Ahmad ◽  
Chew Aik Koay
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disease Eradication ◽  
The World ◽  
Elimination Programme

Introduction: In 1993, the International Task Force for Disease Eradication thought over and concluded that only six diseases are eradicable – but, malaria, dengue fever (and, dengue hemorrhagic fever) were not included. In 2010, 99 countries reported 219 million cases of malaria and 660,000 deaths. In Malaysia in 2011, 5152 cases had been reported causing not more than 30 deaths. Over 2.5 billion are at risk of dengue fever given the endemicity in excess of 100 countries, compared to nine countries in 1970. The WHO estimate 50-100 million cases annually globally, with approximately 500,000 dengue haemorrhagic fever, and an estimated 22,000 death each year. In Malaysia in 2017, there is found 83,849 reported cases of dengue fever with 177 deaths. There is a compelling need to give thought here to an elimination/eradication programme on dengue fever in Malaysia, realizing there is presently a malaria-elimination programme already. Aim: The Aim of this Review is to contemplate on the priority of possible public-health intervention of infectious-diseases, the International Task Force on Disease Eradication, and the three principle/indicators toward successful eradication/elimination programme, and the cost, beside describing the epidemiology and eradication/elimination of malaria in Malaysia, including the human and economic cost of malaria, in a comparison with dengue fever, including the dengue control & prevention programme and the potential in the innovative-methods, and why a dengue fever elimination programme is timely and imperative. Methodology: This article is a Narrative Review, and the author focus the article around three articles published by the author in recent times on dengue fever, and two on malaria. Additionally, the author contemplate around relevant newer article by various author retrieved through PubMed and Google Search. Results: Based on priority of possible public-health intervention of infectious-diseases by the International Task Force on Disease Eradication, and the principle/indicator(s) identified by the Task Force, and the Dahlem Conference, toward successful eradication/elimination programme, and the World Health Assembly on dengue fever, it is felt that a dengue fever elimination programme is timely and imperative, beside found very cost-beneficial. Conclusion: Mankind can eliminate dengue fever, even if not actually eradicating the disease, in a very much feasible and cost-beneficial programme, beginning in every nation and every region of the world, prior to grouping to become a global-programme.

scholarly journals Globalisation of Diseases: The Challenges of COVID-19 Pandemic and Public Health System in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Ayesoro Sunday Adesina
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenging Situation

Globalisation is a process that integrates the world socio-economic system through trade liberalization, the free movement of people, technologies and information. It has equally made the spread of infectious diseases much easier globally. In essence, infectious diseases such as COVID-19, are easily transmitted across the countries of the world through the network created by globalisation poses serious challenges to the world health system, particularly developing countries like Nigeria. Public health system in Nigeria is overwhelmed by the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, which further exposes the country to the adverse effects of globalisation such as dependence and unequal relationship between her and the developed countries. Although the challenging situation provides Nigeria an opportunity to overhaul her public health system, the current poor global economy has further worsened the problems. This paper analyses the situation, and recommends that Nigerian government should look inward to develop her Public health system in a more sustainable way, also, the economy should be repositioned to reduce the level of dependence, and resources should be redirected to adequately fund education and research to support the health sector. The analysis is based on the premises of dependency perspective

scholarly journals Thinking and Discussion on Nursing Mode of New Infectious Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Junping Guo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Self ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Protection

With the spread of new coronavirus in the world, all countries are facing a serious public health security crisis. How to effectively deal with new infectious diseases has become a hot topic of research and discussion. Based on this, this paper first studies the self-protection of nursing staff under the new infectious disease epidemic situation, then analyses the nursing strategies of the new infectious disease epidemic situation, and finally gives the management strategies and suggestions for the new infectious disease epidemic situation nursing.

scholarly journals The role of the world health organization in solving international public health problems: history, modernity and development prospects

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Epidemics of smallpox, cholera, plague and other infectious diseases in the world in the past were accompanied by the deaths of millions of people and often threatened humanity with destruction as a biological species. Therefore, society was forced to join forces to create an organization that would provide health protection on a global scale. On April 7, 1948, 26 UN member states created the World Health Organization, the main goal of which was to help provide the protection of health of the population of all countries of the world. Purpose of the study - analysis of the historical data of the process of creating the World Health Organization, achievements for all the years of its existence, financing in last years and formation of the opinions of authors on the role of this organization in solving health problems of all humanity. Results. The article presents data on stages of the formation of the World Health Organization. Information about positive results for more than 70 years in solving reproductive health problems, maternal and child mortality, eradicating many infectious diseases in different parts of the world and other problems is detailed. Joint resolutions of the World Health Organization with the United Nations were adopted about general and complete disarmament, protection of humanity from atomic radiation, ban on the use of chemical and bacteriological weapons, defining of the role of doctors and other health workers in the preservation and strengthening of the world. Information on the World Health Organization funding is provided. The prospects for the development of the organization are described. Conclusions. The World Health Organization actively continues its work – maintains contact with international experts, governments and partners for quick collection of scientific data on a new virus, tracks its distribution and assesses its virulence, provides to countries and population recommendations on health protection measures and preventing the spread of infection. The global climatic crisis and the coronavirus infection pandemic showed that the role of the World Health Organization should increase to prevent cataclysms in some countries and globally. It is the World Health Organization that has a huge positive international experience in fighting various public health problems and it remains the only effective organization that consolidates the efforts of most countries of the world to overcome the problems of all humanity.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Aspects of Malnutrition in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Michael Gracey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
The Past ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
The World ◽  
Preventive Public Health ◽  
Public Health Programmes ◽  
Health Programmes

Throughout history mankind has suffered many scourges. In many parts of the world improvements in living standards, hygiene, nutrition, medical care and preventive public health programmes have made many of these infectious , diseases things of the past. However, in the so called "developing" countries, diarrhoeal diseases of infancy and childhood are still major problems which cause many millions of deaths each year (Mata, 1985).

Privacy Challenges in the Use of eHealth Systems for Public Health Management

2012 ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karpurika Raychaudhuri ◽  
Pradeep Ray
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Patient Privacy ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Public Health Management

Privacy is a major issue in information management for public health needs. For example, the surveillance of infectious diseases, such as HIV, is an important function of public health and it presents major privacy concerns for affected people. While their privacy must be protected, privacy concerns should not come in the way of effective data collection and surveillance. In this paper, the authors present a survey of published work covering privacy challenges in the use of eHealth systems, especially in the context of public health management. The authors identify and present the major privacy challenges, their effects on personal patient privacy and public health management based on the review of research in electronic data privacy and eHealth privacy. The authors also present a survey of privacy-preserving technologies and solutions that address these challenges.

scholarly journals WHO issues guidance on future public health management of SARS

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Delpech ◽  
J Crofts
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Management ◽  
World Health ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Public Health Management

The World Health Organization has published a document describing the SARS alert criteria and a surveillance approach for the post-outbreak period of severe acute respiratory syndrome

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