scholarly journals The quark flavor problem and spontaneous breaking of flavour SU(3)^3

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Nardi
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Breaking ◽  
Quark Flavor ◽  
Flavor Problem

scholarly journals Symmetry breaking at high temperatures in large N gauge theories

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumyadeep Chaudhuri ◽  
Eliezer Rabinovici
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Spontaneous Breaking ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Weakly Coupled

Abstract Considering marginally relevant and relevant deformations of the weakly coupled (3 + 1)-dimensional large N conformal gauge theories introduced in [1], we study the patterns of phase transitions in these systems that lead to a symmetry-broken phase in the high temperature limit. These deformations involve only the scalar fields in the models. The marginally relevant deformations are obtained by varying certain double trace quartic couplings between the scalar fields. The relevant deformations, on the other hand, are obtained by adding masses to the scalar fields while keeping all the couplings frozen at their fixed point values. At the N → ∞ limit, the RG flows triggered by these deformations approach the aforementioned weakly coupled CFTs in the UV regime. These UV fixed points lie on a conformal manifold with the shape of a circle in the space of couplings. As shown in [1], in certain parameter regimes a subset of points on this manifold exhibits thermal order characterized by the spontaneous breaking of a global ℤ2 or U(1) symmetry and Higgsing of a subset of gauge bosons at all nonzero temperatures. We show that the RG flows triggered by the marginally relevant deformations lead to a weakly coupled IR fixed point which lacks the thermal order. Thus, the systems defined by these RG flows undergo a transition from a disordered phase at low temperatures to an ordered phase at high temperatures. This provides examples of both inverse symmetry breaking and symmetry nonrestoration. For the relevant deformations, we demonstrate that a variety of phase transitions are possible depending on the signs and magnitudes of the squares of the masses added to the scalar fields. Using thermal perturbation theory, we derive the approximate values of the critical temperatures for all these phase transitions. All the results are obtained at the N → ∞ limit. Most of them are found in a reliable weak coupling regime and for others we present qualitative arguments.

scholarly journals QUARK ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM IN THE BARYON

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 3673-3697 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOTONG SONG
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Orbital Motion ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Sum Rule ◽  
Quark Spin ◽  
Quark Flavor ◽  
Quark Orbital Angular Momentum ◽  
Quark Flavors ◽  
Partition Factor

Analytical and numerical results, for the orbital and spin content carried by different quark flavors in the baryons, are given in the chiral quark model with symmetry breaking. The reduction of the quark spin, due to the spin dilution in the chiral splitting processes, is transferred into the orbital motion of quarks and antiquarks. The orbital angular momentum for each quark flavor in the proton as a function of the partition factor κ and the chiral splitting probability a is shown. The cancellation between the spin and orbital contributions in the spin sum rule and in the baryon magnetic moments is discussed.

scholarly journals Spacetime and dark matter from spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (23) ◽  
pp. 235003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Złośnik ◽  
Federico Urban ◽  
Luca Marzola ◽  
Tomi Koivisto
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Lorentz Symmetry ◽  
Spontaneous Breaking

scholarly journals ANTI-DE SITTER SPACE, THERMAL PHASE TRANSITION AND CONFINEMENT IN GAUGE THEORIES

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2747-2769 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD WITTEN
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theories ◽  
De Sitter Space ◽  
Spontaneous Breaking ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Conformal Field ◽  
Classical Geometry ◽  
Large N ◽  
Quantum Phenomena

The correspondence between supergravity (and string theory) on AdS space and boundary conformal field theory relates the thermodynamics of [Formula: see text] super-Yang–Mills theory in four dimensions to the thermodynamics of Schwarzschild black holes in anti-de Sitter space. In this description, quantum phenomena such as the spontaneous breaking of the center of the gauge group, magnetic confinement and the mass gap are coded in classical geometry. The correspondence makes it manifest that the entropy of a very large AdS Schwarzschild black hole must scale "holographically" with the volume of its horizon. By similar methods, one can also make a speculative proposal for the description of large N gauge theories in four dimensions without supersymmetry.

A precise formulation of spontaneous breaking of grand unified theories

1980 ◽  
Vol 97 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Antoniadis ◽  
C. Bouchiat ◽  
J. Iliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Breaking ◽  
Precise Formulation ◽  
Grand Unified Theories ◽  
Unified Theories
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