scholarly journals Percepciones sobre la evaluación de algunos profesionales y usuarios de los programas nutricionales en Medellín, Colombia

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Goez Rueda ◽  
Luz Stella Álvarez Castaño
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Universal Approach ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Nutrition And Dietetics ◽  
Assessment Strategies

 Resumen Introducción: Con el surgimiento de los programas sociales se creó también la necesidad de evaluar los recursos invertidos en ellos. Los métodos más utilizados para evaluar los programas y las políticas son los cuantitativos, sin embargo en los últimos años hemos visto el surgimiento de evaluaciones que combinan métodos, generando la necesidad de revalorizar a los actores. Objetivo: Conocer algunas de las percepciones sobre la evaluación que asumen los actores involucradas en los programas sociales. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupo focal. Siete participantes de los programas, cuatro líderes comunitarios y trece profesionales de nutrición y dietética fueron entrevistados en Medellín. En el grupo focal participaron profesionales de una corporación operadora de los programas sociales. Resultados: A partir de la información analizada en las entrevistas se identificaron las siguientes categorías relacionadas con la evaluación de programas sociales: la concepción sobre la evaluación, el objeto de la evaluación, los sujetos y actores de la evaluación y algunas estrategias de evaluación. Conclusiones: En general los actores no identifican la importancia de los procesos de evaluación de programas sociales, además tienen una visión asistencialista de dichas intervenciones, contraria a un enfoque universal y de derechos humanos.Abstract Introduction: With the emergence of social programs, there was also a need to evaluate the resources invested in them. The most widely used methods for evaluating programs and policies are the quantitative, but in recent years the emergence of evaluations that combine methods was seen, which generates the need to revalue the actors. Objective: To know some of perceptions of assessment the actors involved in social programs assume. Materials and methods: A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews and focal group was made. Seven participants of the programs, 4 community leaders and 13 nutrition and dietetics professionals were interviewed in Medellin. Professionals in a corporation which operates with the social programs participated in the focal group. Results: The following categories related to the evaluation of social programs was identified from the analyzed information in the interviews: the conception of evaluation, the object of the evaluation, subjects and actors in the evaluation and assessment strategies. Conclusions: In general, the actors do not identify the importance of the process of evaluation of social programs. Besides, they have a welfare vision of such interventions, contrary to a universal approach and human rights.

scholarly journals Identifying social perceptions of people ignoring COVID-19 warnings: a qualitative study in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Halvaiepour ◽  
Mehdi Nosratabadi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
The Social

Abstract Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has had various effects on the social life and daily activities of people in most countries in the world, including Iran. Hygienic precautions have been recommended, such as wearing masks and maintaining social distancing, to reduce the spread of the COVID-19. However, some people in society have not considered and ignored these health issues. This study aims to identify the sociological perceptions of people who ignore the COVID-19 warning. A qualitative study was carried out from May to July 2020. The interviewees were purposefully selected from people in Isfahan who avoided paying attention to the COVID-19 warnings. The saturation point was reached in 20 semi-structured interviews. The thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the transcribed documents using MAXQDA software (version 12). Results The results show 2 themes and 4 sub-themes related to the sociological perception of people who ignore the COVID-19 warning. The themes and sub-themes include: feelings of social anomie (disruption and social unrest, social distrust), unmet social relationship needs (intention to maintain social participation, Feeling of reduced social support). In order to tackle social perceptions contrary to health observance during the coronavirus pandemic, educational resources such as mass media, cyberspace and social programs on the necessity and importance of health observance need to be used. Policies should also be implemented in the social, cultural and legislative contexts to enhance the degree of individuals' social responsibility.

Transition from Childcare Institutions to Adulthood for Youth: Through the Lens of Identity and Gender

2020 ◽  
pp. 234930032098055
Author(s):  
Garima Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Youth ◽  
Youth Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

This article explores the transition of youth from childcare institutions as young adults through the lens of youth identity and gender. The research revolves around rethinking the delicate boundaries of adolescence and adulthood for the ‘institutionalised’ youth that is already on the edge of the society. This research tries to understand and decode the experiences of youth, who have lived in the childcare institutions. The childcare institutions reinforce the gender roles through its practices and structure, enabling gaps and challenges for both male and female youth outside the childcare institutions. There is an absence of a strong mechanism, enabling the smooth transition of youth from childcare institutions to adulthood. This results in unprepared young adults for an unplanned transition, fostering several challenges on them as they exit the childcare system. This is a qualitative study. The research includes both male and female youth who have lived in childcare institutions situated in Delhi. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews with the youth. This study finds that youth leaving the childcare institutions are at higher risks of having negative adult outcomes in life. While there is an absolute absence of any body or mechanism to help the youth transit smoothly, childcare institutions reinforce the inferiority and exclusion on a child during the stay period, creating a foundation for youth to perceive the social factor outside the institutions.

scholarly journals Social support from the perspective of adolescent victims of domestic violence

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diene Monique Carlos ◽  
Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani ◽  
Michelly Rodrigues Esteves ◽  
Lygia Maria Pereira da Silva ◽  
Liliana Scatena
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
Adolescent Victims

Objective: Assess the understanding of adolescents regarding the social support received in situations of domestic violence. Method: A qualitative study with data collection carried out through focus groups with 17 adolescent victims of domestic violence, institutionally welcomed in Campinas-SP, and through semi-structured interviews with seven of these adolescents. Information was analyzed by content analysis, thematic modality. Results: Observing the thematic categories it was found that social support for the subjects came from the extended family, the community, the Guardianship Council, the interpersonal relationships established at the user embracement institution and from the religiosity/spirituality. Conclusion: The mentioned sources of support deserve to be enhanced and expanded. With the current complexity of the morbidity and mortality profiles, especially in children and adolescents, the (re)signification and the (re)construction of health actions is imperative.



scholarly journals Social Nurses’ Descriptions of Nursing: A Qualitative Study of What Social Nursing is and Does?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 228-236
Author(s):  
Tine Louise Dideriksen ◽  
Marianne Lisby ◽  
Nina Brünés ◽  
Pia Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Holistic Nursing ◽  
Encounter Complex ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Female Nurses ◽  
Insight Into

Background: In the meeting between socially marginalised patients and somatic hospitals, healthcare systems often encounter complex challenges related to health inequalities that are difficult to resolve. To help reduce these challenges, a nursing approach employing a nurse (RN) with in-depth knowledge of socially marginalised patients and competences in rehabilitation (“social nurse”) has contributed to diminish health inequalities. However, further insight into the potential benefits of social nursing is required. Aim: To examine how social nurses describe and experience the social nursing approach situated at somatic hospitals. Methods: A qualitative study of social nurses’ descriptions and experiences with a social nurse approach included eight Danish hospitals. One male and 12 female nurses (n=13) employed as social nurses at somatic hospitals participated. Thirteen semi structured interviews were conducted using the methodological frameworks of phenomenology and hermeneutics. The interviews were analysed employing a method inspired by the French philosopher Paul Ricoeur’s theory of interpretation. Results: Four themes emerged from the analysis: 1) A unique expertise encompassing experience and evidence-based knowledge 2) coordination towards a common goal to reduce patients’ vulnerability, 3) to see and understand patients as whole persons, thereby assuring successful treatment and 4) working with the system to avoid losing the patients. The themes describe a unique expertise emerging from focusing healthcare efforts on the socially marginalised patients and the system in charge. Conclusion: The study indicated that the social nurse approach is a holistic nursing approach. Applying this approach allows for optimised treatment that fosters a more equal outcome across the spectrum of socially marginalised patients. The social nurse approach may contribute to diminishing health inequalities.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHT AND ISLAMIC LAW: Sebuah Upaya “Menuntaskan” Wacana-Wacana Kemanusiaan

Dialogia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Febri Hijroh Mukhlis
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Religious View ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Action ◽  
Information And Technology

Abstract: Islam offers eternal universal message, namely justice, equality, respect and humanity. This universal message is the holy Sunnah of the Prophet.  Due to the advanced information and technology, the current problems of mankind increasingly appear. The problem can be viewed positively if everyone  understands completely the universal message of prophethood by always stand in the social-humanity. This articleis intended to examine the issue of human rights and Islamic law as an effort to end the dichotomy between Islam and humanitarian problems. It employed descriptive qualitative study that concern with a conceptual disputes. The findings showed that the dichotomy between the concept of human rights and Islamic law must be completed in terms of equality and humanity. Humanitarian affairs are a common action regardless of any interests, religion, politics, culture and even knowledge. If the harmony and understanding between the concept of humanity in the religious or tauhid framework is absence, the understanding of humanity must be freed from all forms of identity interest. Islamic law and human rights are two matters that support each other. Islam respects human rights and vice versa. The religious view must be universal as the views of human rights should also be universal. Each restricted view narrows the relationship.  كان الإسلام يحمل رسالة عالمية وهي العدالة والمساواة والاحترام والإنسانية. ملخص:وهذه الرسالة العالمية في الواقع من السنة النبوية المقدسة. ولكن الآن هناك مشكلات متنوعة يواجهها الإنسان فى عصر المعلومات والتكنولوجيات. وهذه المشكلات يمكن أن تكون إيجابية إذا كان الإنسان يفهم حقوق الرسالة النبوية العالمية التي تميل دائما إلى مجال الاجتماعية-الإنسانية. تبحث هذا البحث فى دراسة قضية حقوق الإنسان والشريعة الإسلامية كالمحاولة لإنهاء التناقض بين الشريعة والإنسانية. هذه المقالة من البحث النظري باستخدام الدراسة النوعية الوصفية. وخلاصة هذه المقالة أن ليس هناك التناقض بين مفهوم حقوق الإنسان والشريعة الإسلامية لأن أهدافها متساوية وهي العدالة والمساواة والإنسانية. ومن الممكن حل المشكلات الإنسانية تحت رعاية الشريعة الإسلامية والإنسانية بدون النظر إلى أية دين، وسياسة، وثقافة، ومعرفة. وإذا كان هناك التناقض بين مفهوم الإنسانية والشريعة الإسلامية فيجب أن تقدّم الإنسانية براءة من أية علاقة الهوية. إن الشريعة الإسلامية وحقوق الإنسان فى الحقيقة أمران يدعمان بعضهما بعضا. الإسلام يحترم حقوق الإنسان وكذلك العكس. ويجب أن تكون الفكرة الدينية عالمية وكذلك آراء حقوق الإنسان فينبغي أن تكون عالمية أيضا. الفكرة الضيقة لكل منها ستحمل إلى العلاقة الضيقة بينها. Abstrak: Islam membawa pesan universal yang abadi, yakni, keadilan, persamaan, penghargaan dan kemanusiaan. Pesan universal inilah sebenarnya Sunnah Nabi yang suci. Namun problem terkini umat manusia begitu variatif, degan semakin majunya informasi dan teknologi. Problem tersebut bisa menjadi positif jika semua orang benar-benar memahami pesan universal kenabian dengan selalu memihak kepada sosial-kemanusiaan. Artikel ini berupaya mengkaji problem HAM dan hukum Islam sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mengakhiri dikotomi antara Islam dan problem kemanusiaan. Artikel ini merupakan kajian konseptual, dengan jenis kajian kualitatif deskriptif. Kesimpulan dari kajian ini yaitu, dikotomi antara konsep HAM dan hukum Islam haruslah dituntaskan, kedunya pada satu ujung tujuan, yakni keadilan, kesetaraan dan kemanusiaan. Urusan kemanusiaan adalah urusan bersama tanpa memandang kepentingan apapun, baik agama, politik, budaya, bahkan pengetahuan. Jika tidak adanya keharmonisan dan kesepahaman antara konsep kemanusiaan dalam bingkai keagamaan atau tauhid maka pemahaman tentang kemanusiaan haruslah dibebaskan dari segala bentuk kepentingan identitas. Hukum Islam dan HAM adalah dua hal yang saling mendukung. Islam menghargai HAM begitupun sebaliknya. Pandangan agama haruslah bersifat universal sebagaimana pandangan mengenai HAM juga sebaiknya bersifat universal. Pandangan masing-masing yang sempit akan menyempitkan hubungan keduanya pula. Keywords: international human right, Islamic law, humanity  

A Qualitative Study of Teachers' Understanding of Sustainability

2015 ◽  
pp. 206-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiaowei Cristina Chang ◽  
Resa Marie Kelly ◽  
Ellen P. Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Real World ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Constant Comparative

This qualitative study was focused on exploring how in-service teachers' who were attending a three-day “Educating for Sustainability” workshop made sense of sustainability. Another goal of this study was to examine teachers' perceptions of the portrayal of the three dimensions of sustainability (environment, economy and social equity) in short movies that served as “real world” exemplars of sustainability that were freely available online through YouTube or other websites. Data was collected largely through individual semi-structured interviews, but also through questionnaires and written and drawn documentation. The findings, obtained through the constant-comparative method of coding, indicated that teachers' spontaneous descriptions of sustainability emphasized the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainability, but overlooked the equity dimension of sustainability. The videos helped teachers incorporate the 3E's into their sustainability discussions when all three dimensions were addressed, but when the social equity dimension was missing, then it tended to go unnoticed.

scholarly journals The meal as a performance: food and meal practices beyond health and nutrition

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA NYBERG ◽  
VIKTORIA OLSSON ◽  
GERD ÖRTMAN ◽  
ZADA PAJALIC ◽  
HÅKAN S. ANDERSSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
New Challenges

ABSTRACTThe proportion of elderly people in the population is increasing, presenting a number of new challenges in society. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate how elderly persons with motoric eating difficulties perceive and perform their food and meal practices in everyday life. By using Goffman's concept of performance as a theoretical framework together with Bourdieu's thinking on habitus, a deeper understanding of food and meal practices is obtained. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 elderly people (aged between 67 and 87 years) and meal observations were carried out with 11 of these people. Participants were found to manage food and meal practices by continuously adjusting and adapting to the new conditions arising as a result of eating difficulties. This was displayed by conscious planning of what to eat and when, avoiding certain foods and beverages, using simple eating aids, but also withdrawing socially during the meals. All these adjustments were important in order to be able to demonstrate proper food and meal behaviour, to maintain the façade and to act according to the perceived norms. As well as being a pleasurable event, food and meals were also perceived in terms of being important for maintaining health and as ‘fuel’ where the main purpose is to sustain life. This was strongly connected to the social context and the ability to enjoy food and meals with family members and friends, which appeared to be particularly crucial due to the impending risk of failing the meal performance.

Social representation of abuse of persons with severe mental illness in Jakiri, Cameroon: A qualitative study

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402097243
Author(s):  
Colins B Tanyuy ◽  
Chinyere M Aguocha ◽  
Emeka C Nwefoh ◽  
Mispar G Wankam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The Social

Background: People with mental illness are vulnerable to abuse in the community. Cultural and social practices may be contributory. Aim: To explore the social representation of abuse of persons with mental illness among the inhabitants of Jakiri municipality in Cameroon. Method: This was a qualitative study based on the Theory of Reasoned Action, conducted in 2018 among 11 inhabitants of Jakiri municipality, aged above 18 years and who had lived in the town for at least 2 years. In-depth face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed using the basic thematic approach. Results: The belief that mental illness is incurable, a curse from the gods, a result of witchcraft, and a punishment for violation of core social norms were identified as the reasons for physical violence against persons with mental illness. Beliefs that persons with mental illness were disorganized, destructive, physically aggressive, and dependent on others were identified as reasons for emotional abuse. Conclusion: A misconception of mental illness was the major underlying factor for the abuse of persons with mental illness.

How consultants determine diagnostic competence in histopathology trainees

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 622-629
Author(s):  
Daniel J Brierley ◽  
Paula M Farthing ◽  
Sandra Zijlstra-Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Diagnostic Competence ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Data Process ◽  
Current Assessment ◽  
Assessment Strategies

AimsThis is a qualitative study exploring how consultant histopathologists determine diagnostic competence in their trainees.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with consultants and trainees and analysed using the Framework Method.ResultsFive major themes emerged from the data: process, person, stage of training, trust and time. Within these major themes, there were multiple subthemes which reflect the complex, longitudinal nature of the judgement, as well as the knowledge, skills and attitudes which are most relevant to diagnostic competence. A conceptual framework is proposed to illustrate the judgement ecology, which is supported by anonymised quotes from interview participants.ConclusionsOur study is the first to explore in depth how consultant histopathologists determine diagnostic competence in their trainees. This is particularly important as histopathology is a unique medical specialty for which there is little evidence to support the current assessment strategies during training. The resulting conceptual model and findings from this study may help to form an evidence base to inform future assessment tools in histopathology.

Psychosocial Dimensions of Exceptional Longevity: A Qualitative Exploration of Centenarians' Experiences, Personality, and Life Strategies

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Darviri ◽  
Panayotes Demakakos ◽  
Xanthi Tigani ◽  
Fotini Charizani ◽  
Chrysoula Tsiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Exceptional Longevity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Exploration

This qualitative study provides a comprehensive account of the social and life experiences and strategies and personality attributes that characterize exceptional longevity (living to 100 or over). It is based on nine semi-structured interviews of relatively healthy and functional Greek centenarians of both sexes. The analytic approach was thematic and based on grounded theory. We found that our participants were characterized by selectiveness in their socializing with other people and tendency to avoid conflicts. Also, we found that they predominantly used the “flight” response whenever confronted with stressors. Further, they appeared to be much adaptive as they had managed to overcome adversity and adapt successfully to major life changes. These findings provide insights into three possible pathways (social selectivity, conflict avoidance, and adaptiveness) through which psychosocial factors might be associated with aging and exceptional longevity.

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