From the graphical representation to the smart contract language: a use case in the construction industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuling Ye ◽  
Markus König
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Contract Language

A Study of Use Cases for Smart Contracts Using Blockchain Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 1823-1844
Author(s):  
S R Mani Sekhar ◽  
Siddesh G M ◽  
Swapnil Kalra ◽  
Shaswat Anand
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Digital Identity ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Healthcare Finance ◽  
Natural Disaster Management

Blockchain technology is an emerging and rapidly growing technology in the current world scenario. It is a collection of records connected through cryptography. They play a vital role in smart contracts. Smart contracts are present in blockchains which are self-controlled and trustable. It can be integrated across various domains like healthcare, finance, self-sovereign identity, governance, logistics management and home care, etc. The purpose of this article is to analyze the various use cases of smart contracts in different domains and come up with a model which may be used in the future. Subsequently, a detailed description of a smart contract and blockchain is provided. Next, different case-studies related to five different domains is discussed with the help of use case diagrams. Finally, a solution for natural disaster management has been proposed by integrating smart contract, digital identity, policies and blockchain technologies, which can be used effectively for providing relief to victims during times of natural disaster.

scholarly journals Building a Secure Biomedical Data Sharing Decentralized App (DApp): Tutorial

10.2196/13601 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. e13601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Johnson ◽  
Michael Jones ◽  
Mark Shervey ◽  
Joel T Dudley ◽  
Noah Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Computing System ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Biomedical Data ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Instructional Resources ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Server Architecture

Decentralized apps (DApps) are computer programs that run on a distributed computing system, such as a blockchain network. Unlike the client-server architecture that powers most internet apps, DApps that are integrated with a blockchain network can execute app logic that is guaranteed to be transparent, verifiable, and immutable. This new paradigm has a number of unique properties that are attractive to the biomedical and health care communities. However, instructional resources are scarcely available for biomedical software developers to begin building DApps on a blockchain. Such apps require new ways of thinking about how to build, maintain, and deploy software. This tutorial serves as a complete working prototype of a DApp, motivated by a real use case in biomedical research requiring data privacy. We describe the architecture of a DApp, the implementation details of a smart contract, a sample iPhone operating system (iOS) DApp that interacts with the smart contract, and the development tools and libraries necessary to get started. The code necessary to recreate the app is publicly available.

scholarly journals Vote Validation using Blockchain Technology: A Conceptual Use Case

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frankline Makokha
Keyword(s):  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Distributed Consensus ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Computing Technologies ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Clear Description

Blockchain Technology is one of the computing technologies touted to likely bring about disruption in ways people conduct their transactions. By design, blockchains are decentralized, peer to peer, distributed consensus, and have anonymity property thus eliminating the need for a central Authority. Blockchain has been widely used in crypto currencies, with other uses lip frogging at slower paces.  This paper explores the various uses cases that have been advanced for blockchain highlighting the shortcomings of the listed cases. The paper expounds more on usage of blockchain in electoral processes, analyzing existing voting use cases and identifying the shortcomings of the listed blockchain voting use cases. A more elaborate voting use case is conceptualized with clear description on how to generate Digital Votes, linked to a NONCE and previous Digital Votes. The process of vote validation is explained with the main component of the blockchain voting being highlighted as the Smart Contract.

scholarly journals Regulation of the Smart Contract in (Romanian) Civil Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-111
Author(s):  
Raluca Onufreiciuc ◽  
Lorena-Elena Stănescu
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Crucial Question ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
The Subject

The research aims to organize, examine, and analyze the provisions on smart contracts available in Romanian civil law. “Smart contracts” are not smart, and are not necessarily contracts, although they can be. As self-executing computer programs, smart contracts are operational on the blockchain and unlike traditional legal contracts, once the agreement has been concluded and the smart contract is set in motion, no party can intervene and it will be executed without interruption, modification, or breach. The crucial question in the final contract law topic is what happens when the smart contract's outcomes deviate from those required by law. To answer this issue, we must first understand that whether a smart contract becomes legally enforceable is determined by several circumstances, together with the unique use case, the type of smart contract employed, and the existing legislation. The paper addresses the subject of determining and regulating smart contracts under Romanian current laws. Particular emphasis is placed on two ambiguous definitions of smart contracts: as computer code and as a civil-law contract. The authors conclude that the concept of smart contracts requires more legal regulation, particularly in terms of managing their meaning and comprehension.

Towards Adoption of Smart Contract in Construction Industry in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-160
Author(s):  
Dewi Noorain Bolhassan ◽  
Chai Changsaar ◽  
Ali Raza Khoso ◽  
Loo Siawchuing ◽  
Jibril Adewale Bamgbade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Human Error ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Contract Administration ◽  
Contract Duration ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Short Term Contract

The revolution of Malaysian Construction 4.0 through emerging technologies has brought a paradigm shift that has digitalized the construction sector. There is a need to adopt a computerized protocol to assist in automating the performance of a contract to meet future digital challenges. Therefore, this paper aims to serve as a pioneer study to investigate the implementation of the Malaysian construction industry to adopt smart contracts. This study adopted a qualitative scientific methodology, whereby a systematic review was conducted to gather the benefits and challenges of implementing smart contracts in the construction industry. Further, interview sessions were arranged to collect data from the construction contract management experts. The research findings unveil that due to the self-executing attribute of smart contracts, the implementation of smart contracts could provide a better apportionment of risks in a contract. The study also finds that the challenges in implementing smart contracts are severe. For instance, the smart contract is irreversible and immutable and prone to human error. The study concludes that it is more suitable to apply and implement a smart contract to a short-term contract that is not subjected to variation. Furthermore, a smart contract can enhance the efficiency in managing the contracts, such as reducing time and managing the conflicts and disputes that arise during the contract duration. The developed implementation framework is significant for the construction personnel, especially those dealing with the contract administration. The implementation of smart contracts in construction could boost contract administration and management discipline via investment in this new technology.

scholarly journals Consortium Blockchain Smart Contracts for Musical Rights Governance in a Collective Management Organizations (CMOs) Use Case

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Kapsoulis ◽  
Alexandros Psychas ◽  
Georgios Palaiokrassas ◽  
Achilleas Marinakis ◽  
Antonios Litke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Music Industry ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Collective Management ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
End To End ◽  
Permissioned Blockchains

Private and permissioned blockchains are conceptualized and mostly assembled for fulfilling corporations’ demands and needs in the context of their own premises. This paper presents a complete and sophisticated end-to-end permissioned blockchain application for governance and management of musical rights endorsed by smart contract development. In a music industry use case, this disclosed solution monitors and regulates conflicting musical rights of diverse entities under a popular permissioned distributed ledger technology network. The proposed implementation couples various and distinct business domains across the music industry organizations and non-profit blockchain associations.

scholarly journals A Formal Specification Smart-Contract Language For Legally Binding Decentralized Autonomous Organizations

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Vimal Dwivedi ◽  
Alex Norta ◽  
Alexander Wulf ◽  
Benjamin Leiding ◽  
Sandeep Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Specification ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Decentralized Autonomous Organizations ◽  
Contract Language

scholarly journals Blockchain and Smart Contracts: A Solution for Payment Issues in Construction Supply Chains

Informatics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Samudaya Nanayakkara ◽  
Srinath Perera ◽  
Sepani Senaratne ◽  
Geeganage Thilini Weerasuriya ◽  
Herath Mudiyanselage Nelanga Dilum Bandara
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Financial Issues

The construction industry has dynamic supply chains with multiple suppliers usually engaged in short-term relationships. Government legislation, novel types of payment agreements, conventional information technology solutions, and supply chain management best practices have endeavoured to solve payment-related financial issues in the construction industry, which are mainly caused by the complexities of the construction supply chain. Nevertheless, payment-related issues persist as one of the key challenges in the industry. Applications of blockchain technology–a trusted, distributed data storing mechanism–along with smart contracts are gaining focus as solutions for complex interorganisational processes. A smart contract is a self-executing script that codifies a set of rules or agreements between multiple parties and runs across the blockchain network. This paper identifies the suitability of blockchain and smart contract technologies in solving payment issues in the construction industry. An expert forum of construction industry stakeholders served as the primary data collection method through a structured questionnaire. The key finding of the paper is that blockchain and smart contract powered solutions can significantly mitigate the payment and related financial issues in the construction industry, including partial payments, nonpayments, cost of finance, long payment cycle, retention, and security of payments.

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