scholarly journals Transformation of global migration

10.22250/tgm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Shkrabtak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Population Migrations ◽  
Global Population

In the context of the transformations of the modern world, the format of global population migrations is changing. This process is reflected in a slowdown in the growth of short-term movements. In high-income receiving countries, migrants were not rarely blamed for rising unemployment and declining social services. There is also widespread concern about brain drain from donor countries in Eastern Europe, the Western Balkans, the South Caucasus and Central Asia. The monograph focuses on the development of policies on the mobility of the workforce, and also presents trends that determine the factors and types of influence in the market of low-skilled and highly skilled workers. It is intended for specialists, as well as masters, graduate students and students of the relevant specialties of universities.

scholarly journals The Analytical Characteristics of Internal and External Vectors of Migration of the Population of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (523) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
R. L. Lupak ◽  
◽  
V. V. Polishchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Global Migration

The historical prerequisites for the formation of migration waves of the population of Ukraine are analyzed as follows: the first wave («old migration» – the second half of the nineteenth century with the predominance of migration of workers); the second wave («new migration» – the end of the nineteenth – the first half of the twentieth century. with the predominance of migration of poor peasantry); the third wave («political» – after World War II until the 1980s, with a predominance of low-skilled workers and intellectuals); the fourth wave («migrant workers», since the mid-90s of the twentieth century.). It is noted that the fifth, «intellectual» wave (since the 2010s) can be transformed into a «corporate», which provides for the withdrawal of business abroad in the context of increased tax burden in Ukraine. The likelihood of a «corporate» wave also strengthens the stimulating policy of European countries to attract businesses that offer stable economic conditions. Ukraine’s place on the global migration map confirming its inclusion in the international space as a democratic and legal State has been studied. The number of international migrants from Ukraine is gradually increasing, reaching 6.1 million people in 2020, but the problem of such dynamics is exacerbated by the declining dynamics of immigration and threatening depopulation processes: in 2020, the share of international expats in the population reached 11.9%, when in 1990 it was equal to 10.8%. Studying the migration processes of the population of Ukraine, scientists and experts often focus on the problem of human losses due to emigration. However, the modern world, even during the pandemic, is developing in the context of globalization. Many countries have an effective policy of attracting human potential, thus ensuring positive development dynamics. Therefore, the authorities of Ukraine are forced to intensify the State regulation of migration processes, guided by the consequences of their impact on socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Food Placement in Retailing during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5956
Author(s):  
Jelena Končar ◽  
Radenko Marić ◽  
Goran Vukmirović ◽  
Sonja Vučenović
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

This work aims to define the impact of different indicators on the sustainability of food placement in the retail sector, during periods of crisis and emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. An empirical survey conducted in the Western Balkans (WB) region showed that indicators such as developed infrastructure, consistency, and transparency of the supply chain, skilled workers, costs, food safety, food prices, energy consumption, and changes in consumer needs are statistically significant since they affect the sustainability of food placement in the retail sector. As food placement and the retail sector itself are inseparable from other participants in the food supply chain (FSC), an analysis was conducted at the level of all FSC sectors. The results showed some deviations viewed individually in the sectors of production, physical distribution, wholesale, and retail, and in selected Western Balkan countries. Based on the results obtained, the sustainability model of food placement in the retail sector has been defined. The model will serve as the basis for defining the set of measures and incentives that competent institutions and FSC management need to undertake, to minimize the impact of indicators that endanger sustainability. The originality of the study lies in the fact that it fills the research gap that exists in this subject matter in academic research and studies in the WB region. In addition, some indicators important for food placement have been precisely isolated, with the definition of the intensity of their impact, observed overall at the level of the entire FSC as well as by individual sectors. Guidelines and suggestions for future research are listed in the paper.

Ewolucja bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Polski i Białorusi na międzynarodowym rynku ropy naftowej

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-139
Author(s):  
Maciej Mróz
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Diversification Strategy ◽  
The Common

Access to energy resources has become one of the main challenges of energy security in the modern world. Due to the growing political instability of countries exporting energy resources, the energy security category should be perceived in a special way. Energy security is expressed, first of all, in stable access to energy resources at an acceptable price. The aim of the article is to determine to what extent the strategy of diversifying the sources of crude oil imports to Poland and Belarus is implemented in practice, and to what extent the implementation of this strategy is conducive to building energy security for both these countries. It seems that despite the similar geological and geographical conditions, as well as the common historical infrastructure heritage, Poland and Belarus shape their energy policy differently. The conducted analysis has an empirical dimension, as the REES index is used to measure the concentration of imports and the short-term risk for the security of crude oil supplies. The article shows that a properly implemented diversification strategy significantly improves the country’s energy security, which is possible due to the use of alternative directions for oil imports to the Russian one.

Epochal Transitions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Vaclav Smil
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Global Population

The modern world has been created by five relatively rapid and interconnected transitions. They led to temporarily high growth rates of the global population and, eventually, to much reduced fertility, longer life expectancies, and mass-scale urbanization. Increased agricultural productivity eliminated famines, reduced undernutrition, and resulted in a surfeit and waste of food in affluent countries. Transition from traditional biofuels to fossil fuels brought large increases of per capita energy supply and higher efficiencies of energy conversion, along with new powerful machines. Economic growth reached unprecedented rates, transformed sectoral contribution, created material abundance, and enabled high levels of mobility and instant communication. Environmental consequences of these transitions range from land-use changes to many forms of pollution and to global climate change. Future transitions have to address many problems created by our past successes and failures, but given the magnitude of the challenges, they will have to unfold gradually.

scholarly journals Global Talent Flows

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Pekkala Kerr ◽  
William Kerr ◽  
Çağlar Özden ◽  
Christopher Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Skilled Migration ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
The Individual

Highly skilled workers play a central and starring role in today's knowledge economy. Talented individuals make exceptional direct contributions—including breakthrough innovations and scientific discoveries—and coordinate and guide the actions of many others, propelling the knowledge frontier and spurring economic growth. In this process, the mobility of skilled workers becomes critical to enhancing productivity. Substantial attention has been paid to understanding the worldwide distribution of talent and how global migration flows further tilt the deck. Using newly available data, we first review the landscape of global talent mobility. We next consider the determinants of global talent flows at the individual and firm levels and sketch some important implications. Third, we review the national gatekeepers for skilled migration and broad differences in approaches used to select migrants for admission. Looking forward, the capacity of people, firms, and countries to successfully navigate this tangled web of global talent will be critical to their success.

Interdisciplinary discourse of culture (philosophical-psychological and socio-cultural methodology)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Zlotnikova
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Art Criticism ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Educational Standard ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
Elective Courses ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
State Educational

The textbook actualizes interdisciplinary discourse as a principle of studying cultural experience in its versatility (creative personality and features of its activity; the existence of artistic culture in the society of different epochs, including in the modern world; Russia-specific problems of artistic influences: absurdity, totalitarianism). The material is presented on the basis of philosophical, psychological and social methodology, based on art criticism ideas. The author's concept of the publication is based on a non — trivial choice of analyzed cultural phenomena corresponding to the triad "man- chronotope — culture". The publication can be used to deepen the theoretical positions studied in accordance with the new state educational standard for social and humanitarian specialties in compulsory and elective courses. It is intended for students of universities and pedagogical universities, universities of culture and art: cultural scientists, historians, sociologists, philologists, art historians, graduate students in the Humanities and teachers.

International trade

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Анастасия Руднева ◽  
Anastasiya Rudneva
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic

The textbook examines the essence, place and role of international trade in the system of modern world economic relations and in ensuring international economic security, as well as forms and methods of international trade. Particular attention is paid to the specifics of pricing and state regulation of this form of MEO, including in the framework of the world trade organization, as well as trends in the development of international trade in the context of the transformation of its geographical and commodity structure, taking into account modern challenges and threats. The textbook is intended for bachelors studying in the direction of "Economics", graduate students, teachers and a wide range of readers interested in the discipline.

Critical EU report on Turkey may trigger 'Turexit'

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Customs Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
East Mediterranean ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
Economic Upturn ◽  
The Eu

Significance Turkey's faltering EU accession process looks more at risk than ever, following Enlargement Commissioner Johannes Hahn's warning that Ankara had "clearly chosen to move away from Europe, not closer to it". Hahn was presenting the European Commission's 2016 Enlargement Package, which is much more critical of Turkey than of the six Western Balkans countries that are either accession candidates like Turkey or potential candidates. Yet when it comes to terminating Turkey's candidacy, both the Turkish and EU authorities want the other to make the move. In the short term, some EU capitals fear a wave of migrants should Ankara stop cooperating in policing the Aegean; in the longer term, Turkey's economy could suffer. Impacts The EU's interest in Western Balkan security, stability and prosperity will keep enlargement to these countries on track, at least formally. However, the Dutch referendum vote against Ukraine's association agreement shows popular feeling spreading in the EU against enlargement. Turkey's customs union with the EU underpins its recent economic upturn; it is hard to see it continuing without the prospect of membership. Resumed use of the East Mediterranean route depends on Turkey but also on migrants' hopes of being able to cross borders further north.

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