Ego Depletion in the Relationship Between Behavior Inhibition and Loss Aversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Wenbin Gao ◽  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Ting Tao ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Ligang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Framing Effect ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Decision Making Behavior ◽  
Behavior Inhibition ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the associations between ego depletion, personality, and decision-making behavior, and investigated whether ego depletion enhances the relationship between the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and loss aversion. Participants (N = 70) were randomly assigned to depletion or control conditions, completed a financial decision-making task to test the framing effect, and responded to a measure of BIS. The results showed a framing effect in the decision-making task that was not weakened by ego depletion. However, participants in the depleted (vs. control) group, regardless of framing, showed more loss aversion in the decision-making task. Further, ego depletion enhanced the positive association between the BIS and framing effects, which means that ego depletion moderated the effect of the BIS on loss aversion. Thus, ego depletion did not directly contribute to more conservative or impulsive decision making, but it did lead individuals to act more in line with their habits or characteristics. Implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Coordinating a Supply Chain with a Loss-Averse Retailer and Effort Dependent Demand

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liying Li ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Special Class ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Supply Chain Performance ◽  
Channel Coordination ◽  
Gain Loss ◽  
Decision Making Behavior ◽  
Dependent Demand

This study investigates the channel coordination issue of a supply chain with a risk-neutral manufacturer and a loss-averse retailer facing stochastic demand that is sensitive to sales effort. Under the loss-averse newsvendor setting, a distribution-free gain/loss-sharing-and-buyback (GLB) contract has been shown to be able to coordinate the supply chain. However, we find that a GLB contract remains ineffective in managing the supply chain when retailer sales efforts influence the demand. To effectively coordinate the channel, we propose to combine a GLB contract with sales rebate and penalty (SRP) contract. In addition, we discover a special class of gain/loss contracts that can coordinate the supply chain and arbitrarily allocate the expected supply chain profit between the manufacturer and the retailer. We then analyze the effect of loss aversion on the retailer’s decision-making behavior and supply chain performance. Finally, we perform a numerical study to illustrate the findings and gain additional insights.

scholarly journals Reduced loss aversion in subclinical negative symptoms and hypomania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Klaus ◽  
Justin Chumbley ◽  
Erich Seifritz ◽  
Stefan Kaiser ◽  
Matthias Hartmann-Riemer
Keyword(s):  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Binary Choices ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Phenomenon ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

AbstractLoss aversion is a behavioral phenomenon that describes a higher sensitivity to losses than to gains and influences decisions. Decision-making is altered in several psychopathologic states, such as in the two symptom dimensions of hypomania and negative symptoms. It has been argued that progress in our understanding of psychopathology requires a reorientation from the traditional, syndrome-based perspective to a more detailed study of individual constituent symptoms. In the present study, we made careful efforts to dissociate the relationship of loss aversion to negative symptoms, from its relationship with hypomanic symptoms. We selected a sample of 45 subjects from a healthy student population (n = 835) according to psychopathologic scales for hypomania and negative symptoms and stratified them into a control group (n = 15), a subclinical hypomania group (n = 15) and a negative symptoms group (n = 15). Participants completed a loss aversion task consisting of forced binary choices between a monetary gamble and a riskless choice with no gain or loss. We found, that these two symptom dimensions of hypomania and negative symptoms have a similar inverse relation to loss aversion as demonstrated by analysis of variance. Further research is warranted to describe the underlying psychological and neurobiological mechanisms at play. Given the partially opposing nature of hypomania and negative symptoms it further needs to be elucidated whether they are linked to loss aversion via dissociable mechanisms.

Reliability and Relevance of Radiographic Measures of Metatarsus Primus Elevatus and Arch Alignment in Individuals with Midfoot Arthritis and Controls

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Rao ◽  
Katie Bell
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
First Metatarsal ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Metatarsal Angle ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Low arch alignment and metatarsus primus elevatus (MPE) have been postulated to increase dorsal compressive stresses in the joints of the medial column of the foot and to contribute to the development of degenerative changes. The primary purposes of this study were 1) to examine the relationship between radiographic measures of arch alignment and MPE and 2) to assess arch alignment and MPE in individuals with midfoot arthritis and in asymptomatic controls. The secondary aim was to examine the reliability of radiographic measures of arch alignment and MPE. Methods: Radiographic measures of arch height and MPE were quantified on 28 individuals with midfoot arthritis and 22 individuals in a control group. Reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The Pearson product moment correlation (r) was used to assess the relationship between arch alignment and MPE. Between-group differences were assessed using a two-sample t test (α = 0.05). Results: Good to excellent reliability was noted for measures of arch height (ICC[2,3] = 0.919–0.994) as well as MPE (ICC[2,3] = 0.891–0.882). A modest positive association was noted between normalized cortical elevation and normalized navicular height (r = 0.274, P = .030) and calcaneal inclination angle (r = 0.263, P = .035). Individuals with midfoot arthritis demonstrated lower arch alignment, reflected in a significantly higher calcaneal–first metatarsal angle (P = .002), lower calcaneal inclination angle (P = .004), and lower normalized navicular height (P < .001) compared with controls. No evidence was found to support between-group differences in lateral intermetatarsal angle (P = .495) and normalized cortical elevation (P = .146). Conclusions: These findings provide objective data establishing the reliability of measures of MPE and arch alignment and their potential clinical significance. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(5): 347–354, 2013)

scholarly journals Decision making in specialist forensic psychiatric (the psychological aspect)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
E.V. Shmakova ◽  
E.M. Popova ◽  
E.S. Shekhovtsova ◽  
T.N. Kabanova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents the results of a study of psychological factors of decision making amongforensic psychiatric specialists. Given the survey data of10 medical psychologists and 10 psychiatrists carrying out compulsory treatment in the psychiatric hospital №5, Moscow Department of Public Health, in comparison with the control group, consisting of professionals working in the field of education, manufacturing, services and technology. Methodical complex included: 1. The Epstein questionnaire of the intuitive style (adaptation Kornilova T. V., Kornilov S. A.); A new questionnaire of tolerance/intolerance to uncertainty (Kornilova T. V.); Melbourne questionnaire of decision making (adaptation T. V.Kornilova); The questionnaire «Personal factors of decision making»(T.V. Kornilova); TheV. Smecalo and V. M. Kucher method; The Tsvetkova Method; 7. The questionnaire «Styles of thinking» by R. Bramsonand Harrison (adaptation of A. A. Alekseev); 8.The questionnaire «Scale of base convictions» (R.Yanov-Boulemane, adaptation M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikov); 9. The check-list aimed to identify the type of decisions taken by the expert in professional activity, their frequency, importance, subjective evaluation is necessary for decision making qualities and to evaluate the most significant opinions of other persons in the decision-making process. There were defined the characteristics of decision making depending on gender. The relationships between type of activity and frequency of occurrence of different types of decisions in professional activities of specialists were revealed. Analyzed the relationship between consideration of the views of others when making decisions and activity.

Impact of socio-psychological factors on investment decisions: The mediating role of behavioral biases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jabeen ◽  
Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah ◽  
Naheed Sultana ◽  
Altamash Khan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Behavioral Biases ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
The Relationship

Unlike previous studies that examine the effect of behavioral biases on investor decision-making, this study explores the root causes of behavioral biases and examines the mediating role of behavioral biases in the relationship between different types of emotions and investment decision-making. The cognitive theory of depression, attentional control theory, and prospect theory together provide the foundation and anticipate that stress, depression, anxiety, and social interaction are the major sources of cognitive mistakes that,in turn, affect investment decision-making. Model testing relies upon the data collected from 252stock investors trading in different stock exchanges of Pakistan; in order to test the hypothesized relationship, structural equation modeling has been used. Depression is a major source of loss aversion bias. Anxiety is a strong source of herding. Stress is a major source of representative bias.Social interaction is a root cause of overconfidence. Loss aversion bias, herding, and overconfidence fully mediate the relationship between depression, anxiety, social interaction, and investor decision; however, anxiety has the strongest impact on investor decision via herding bias, while stress has both insignificant direct and indirect effect on investment decision-making. Keywords: Sources of biases, self-efficacy, behavioral pattern, investment decision.

Consumer Engagement through Conditional Promotions

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Retail Store ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates consumers' response to conditional promotions (CP) offered in an offline retail store. Using qualitative research inquiry, we decipher the consumer decision-making process by finding the linkages between 'pre-cart' and the 'post-cart' add-on purchases. Thematic analysis of qualitative data (focus groups and personal interviews) resulted in four themes, i.e. 'Criticality of Product Utility,' 'Mode of Payments,' 'Loss Aversion by Consumers,' and 'Inability to Think Out-of-Box by the Consumers.' We add value to the existing marketing literature by finding the relationship between products purchased in 'pre-cart', i.e., without the knowledge of CP and 'post-cart', defined as add-on products added to the cart to avail the CP offer while purchasing in an offline retail store. Further, we find that consumers' willingness to avail CP varies with different relative distances from the target purchase cart value (high vs. low) and mode of payments (cash vs. digital). We discuss the theoretical and managerial implications of the research.

Effects of Lying and Conformity on Decision-Making Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Gayle Wardle ◽  
David S. Gloss
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Correct Answer ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Decision Making Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Research on the relationship between conformity and temptation to lie utilized a measure of temptation to lie from 40 subjects by administration of the Machiavellian Scale several weeks prior to the experimental sessions. The first experimental session measured group conformity. Subjects who agreed with a simulated group more than six times were considered conformers. The data showed that the conformers yielded on the average more than three times as much as the independents. In the second experimental situation, stimuli for belief that no correct answer could be objectively obtained were presented. The only way a subject would obtain a significant number of so-called correct answers was to lie. Subjects whose scores were three standard deviations greater than those expected by chance were considered liars. The results showed that lying was not a function of conformity. The Machiavellian Scale, administered again to the same subjects, showed that subjects who cheated were more tempted to lie again, while those who had not succumbed to temptation were less likely now to lie. A significant relationship between conformity and absolute changes in attitude supported the hypothesis that individuals who conform change their attitudes more readily than individuals who remain independent. Implications for decision making are discussed.

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