scholarly journals Preliminary studies of a selected group of propellants with potential application in dry fracking technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Justyna Hadzik ◽  
Piotr Koślik ◽  
Zenon Wilk ◽  
Antoni Frodyma ◽  
Łukasz Habera
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Solid Propellants ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
National Research Institute ◽  
Shale Formations ◽  
Sample Inhibition ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this paper is the selection and study of solid propellants intended for uses associated with the intensification of oil and gas mining, including extraction from shale formations. Results of the study are connected with cooperation with the Department of Shooting Engineering at the Oil and Gas Institute – National Research Institute in Kraków. The basic research is the selection of a group of solid propellants and their modification to the stage where their properties and operating parameters are appropriate for dry fracking. The paper presents research methods for determining the parameters of their propellants in a laboratory-scale rocket motor, e.g. the amount of pressure impulse. Furthermore, an effective electrical system of ignition and a method of appropriate propellant sample inhibition were implemented in order to control the sample combustion process.

Application of Improved Voltage Compensation in the SEM to Imaging of Organic Materials

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 444-445
Author(s):  
P.J. Killingworth ◽  
M. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Incident Electron Beam ◽  
Specimen Material ◽  
Voltage Compensation ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ultimate resolution in the scanning electron microscope is determined not only by the diameter of the incident electron beam, but by interaction of that beam with the specimen material. Generally, while minimum beam diameter diminishes with increasing voltage, due to the reduced effect of aberration component and magnetic interference, the excited volume within the sample increases with electron energy. Thus, for any given material and imaging signal, there is an optimum volt age to achieve best resolution.In the case of organic materials, which are in general of low density and electric ally non-conducting; and may in addition be susceptible to radiation and heat damage, the selection of correct operating parameters is extremely critical and is achiev ed by interative adjustment.

EFFECT OF METALLIC FUEL NATURE ON COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE / BINDER / METAL COMPOSITE SOLID PROPELLANTS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Poryazov ◽  
◽  
O. G. Glotov ◽  
V. A. Arkhipov ◽  
G. S. Surodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Perchlorate ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Solid Propellants ◽  
Metallic Fuel ◽  
Composite Solid Propellants

The goal of this research is to obtain experimental information about combustion characteristics of the composite propellant containing various metallic fuels. The propellant formulations contained two fractions of ammonium perchlorate (64.6%), inert binder (19.7%) - butadiene rubber SKD plastized with transformer oil, and metal fuel (15.7% of aluminum ASD-4, ASD-6, Alex; boron; aluminum diboride; aluminum dodecaboride; some mixtures of above listed ingredients). Experimental information will be used further as a background to develop the physical and mathematical model of combustion process.

Effect of Engine Operating Parameters on Combustion and Emission Characteristics

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Lu ◽  
Ashwani K. Gupta ◽  
Eugene L. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Pollutants Emission

Abstract Numerical simulation of flow, combustion, heat release rate and pollutants emission characteristics have been obtained using a single cylinder internal combustion engine operating with propane as the fuel. The data are compared with experimental results and show excellent agreement for peak pressure and the rate of pressure rise as a function of crank angle. The results obtained for NO and CO are also found to be in good agreement and are similar to those reported in the literature for the chosen combustion chamber geometry. The results have shown that both the combustion chamber geometry and engine operating parameters affects the flame growth within the combustion chamber which subsequently affects the pollutants emission levels. The code employed the time marching procedure and solves the governing partial differential equations of multi-component chemically reacting fluid flow by finite difference method. The numerical results provide a cost effective means of developing advanced internal combustion engine chamber geometry design that provides high efficiency and low pollution levels. It is expected that increased computational tools will be used in the future for enhancing our understanding of the detailed combustion process in internal combustion engines and all other energy conversion systems. Such detailed information is critical for the development of advanced methods for energy conservation and environmental pollution control.

Modeling to support physicochemical enhancement techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Т. A. Pospelova
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Chemical Modeling ◽  
Comparative Structure ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The article discusses ways to increase the oil recovery factor in already developed fields, special attention is paid to the methods of enhanced oil recovery. The comparative structure of oil production in Russia in the medium term is given. The experience of oil and gas companies in the application of enhanced oil recovery in the fields is analyzed and the dynamics of the growth in the use of various enhanced oil recovery in Russia is estimated. With an increase in the number of operations in the fields, the requirements for the selection of candidates inevitably increase, therefore, the work focuses on hydrodynamic modeling of physical and chemical modeling, highlights the features and disadvantages of existing simulators. The main dependences for adequate modeling during polymer flooding are given. The calculation with different concentration of polymer solution is presented, which significantly affects the water cut and further reduction of operating costs for the preparation of the produced fluid. The possibility of creating a specialized hydrodynamic simulator for low-volume chemical enhanced oil recovery is considered, since mainly simulators are applicable for chemical waterflooding and the impact is on the formation as a whole.

Parameter Based Combustion Model for Large Prechamber Gas Engines

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Zhu ◽  
Andreas Wimmer ◽  
Eduard Schneßl ◽  
Hubert Winter ◽  
Franz Chmela
Keyword(s):  
Computing Time ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Considerable Difficulty ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Short Computing Time

Challenging requirements for modern large engines regarding power output, fuel consumption, and emissions can only be achieved with carefully adapted combustion systems. With the improvement of simulation methods simulation work is playing a more and more important role for the engine development. Due to their simplicity and short computing time, one-dimensional and zero-dimensional calculation methods are widely applied for the engine cycle simulation and optimization. While the gas dynamic processes in the intake and exhaust systems can already be simulated with sufficient precision, it still represents a considerable difficulty to predict the combustion process exactly. In this contribution, an empirical combustion model for large prechamber gas engines is presented, which was evolved based on measurements on a single cylinder research engine using the design of experiment method. The combustion process in prechamber gas engines is investigated and reproduced successfully by means of a double-vibe function. The mathematical relationship between the engine operating parameters and the parameters of the double-vibe function was determined as a transfer model on the base of comprehensive measurements. The effects of engine operating parameters, e.g., boost pressure, charge temperature, ignition timing, and air/fuel ratio on the combustion process are taken into account in the transfer model. After adding modification functions, the model can be applied to gas engines operated with various gas fuels taking into account the actual air humidity. Comprehensive verifications were conducted on a single-cylinder engine as well as on full-scale engines. With the combination of the combustion model and a gas exchange simulation model the engine performance has been predicted satisfactorily. Due to the simple phenomenological structure of the model, a user-friendly model application and a short computing time is achieved.

scholarly journals Predictive Modelling of Wellhead Corrosion due to Operating Conditions: A Field Data Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinedu I. Ossai
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Predictive Modelling ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
The Impact

The flow of crude oil, water, and gas from the reservoirs through the wellheads results in its deterioration. This deterioration which is due to the impact of turbulence, corrosion, and erosion significantly reduces the integrity of the wellheads. Effectively managing the wellheads, therefore, requires the knowledge of the extent to which these factors contribute to its degradation. In this paper, the contribution of some operating parameters (temperature, CO2 partial pressure, flow rate, and pH) on the corrosion rate of oil and gas wellheads was studied. Field data from onshore oil and gas fields were analysed with multiple linear regression model to determine the dependency of the corrosion rate on the operating parameters. ANOVA, value test, and multiple regression coefficients were used in the statistical analysis of the results, while in previous experimental results, de Waard-Milliams models and de Waard-Lotz model were used to validate the modelled wellhead corrosion rates. The study shows that the operating parameters contribute to about 26% of the wellhead corrosion rate. The predicted corrosion models also showed a good agreement with the field data and the de Waard-Lotz models but mixed results with the experimental results and the de Waard-Milliams models.

scholarly journals Effects of Turbine Design on Particulate Erosion of Turbine Airfoils

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Wagner ◽  
B. V. Johnson ◽  
D. W. Geiling
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Trajectory Calculations ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Turbine Airfoils ◽  
Turbine Design ◽  
Selection Of

An analytic study was conducted to determine the effects of turbine design, airfoil shape and material on particulate erosion of turbine airfoils in coal-fueled, direct-fired gas turbines used for electric power generation. First-stage, mean-line airfoil sections were designed for 80 MW output turbines with 3 and 4 stages. Two-dimensional particle trajectory calculations and erosion rate analyses were performed for a range of particle diameters and densities and for ductile and ceramic airfoil materials. Results indicate that the surface erosion rates can vary by a factor of 5 and that erosion on rotating blades is not well correlated with particle diameter. The results quantify the cause/effect turbine design relationships expected and assist in the selection of turbine design characteristics for use downstream of a coal-fueled combustion process.

scholarly journals CAVITATION WEAR OF PUMP IMPELLERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Szala ◽  
Daniel Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Cavitation Wear ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Selection Of

Cavitation is a common phenomenon in pump systems, negatively influencing their operating parameters and components such as impellers and, thus, causing considerable financial losses. This paper explains the problem of cavitation and cavitation erosion. The causes of cavitation in pump systems are analyzed. A selection of centrifugal pump impellers damaged by cavitation erosion are presented and examined. The authors also discuss ways of preventing cavitation and cavitation erosion in pump systems. Finally, relevant conclusions are drawn.

Common Pitfalls in Selection of Restriction Orifice for Depressurization of Oil and Gas Facilities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Wasnik ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Harendra Singh ◽  
Faris Kamal ◽  
Ousssama Takieddine
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Selection Of
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