scholarly journals THROUGH OFFENDERS’ EYES: A PILOT STUDY ON EXPERIENCING SUPERVISION IN SERBIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

TEME ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Batrićević ◽  
Jelena želeskov Đorić ◽  
Boban Petrović ◽  
Branislava Knežić
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Technology Initiative ◽  
European Cooperation ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
Supervision Process ◽  
Offender Supervision ◽  
Alternatives To Incarceration

Probation and parole are intended as alternatives to incarceration for eligible offenders. In various European jurisdictions research studies indicated the importance of the offenders’ perspective in supervision; however, the contribution of this factor is still unclear and underexplored. In the present study, we explored the offenders’ experience of the supervision process, based upon the experience of 22 convicts. To understand the offenders’ experience, we used the newly constructed tool, Eurobarometer, which measures eight core domains of offender supervision. The pilot study was conducted in Belgrade and was a part of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology initiative (COST) which was implemented in eight European jurisdictions. Results confirmed that the offenders’ perception of supervision can be significant in various domains of offenders’ life and that Eurobarometer can be significant in capturing that experience.

After the Crime

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-396
Author(s):  
Paul H. Robinson ◽  
Muhammad Sarahne
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Collateral Consequences ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
Principles Of Justice

Although an offender’s conduct before and during the crime is the traditional focus of criminal law and sentencing rules, an examination of post-offense conduct can also be important in promoting criminal justice goals. After the crime, different offenders make different choices and have different experiences, and those differences can suggest appropriately different treatment by judges, correctional officials, probation and parole supervisors, and other decision makers in the criminal justice system. Positive post-offense conduct ought to be acknowledged and rewarded, not only to encourage it but also as a matter of fair and just treatment. This essay describes four kinds of positive post-offense conduct that merit special recognition and preferential treatment: the responsible offender, who avoids further deceit and damage to others during the process leading to conviction; the debt-paid offender, who suffers the full punishment deserved (according to true principles of justice rather than the sentence actually imposed); the reformed offender, who takes affirmative steps to leave criminality behind; and the redeemed offender, who out of genuine remorse tries to atone for the offense. The essay considers how one might operationalize a system for giving special accommodation to such offenders. Positive post-offense conduct might be rewarded, for example, through the selection and shaping of sanctioning methods, through giving preference in access to education, training, treatment, and other programs, and through elimination or restriction of collateral consequences of conviction that continue after the sentence is completed.

Probation and Parole Statistics

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Improve Treatment ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
Federal Assistance

There are more than 2,000 probation agencies in the United States, and staff in these agencies rely heavily on a long list of case plan agreements to get their clients to obey the laws and other societal rules. Yet, the list of rules, themselves, create overwhelming challenges for those on probation and parole, especially those who suffer from drug addiction, mental illness, and physical and cognitive disabilities. A reduced tax-base reduces federal assistance but at the same time increases the criminal justice system. Thus, funding intended to improve treatment services for those on probation has been used to improve the criminal justice system itself. Unfortunately, residents involved with the criminal justice system have concluded the laws are wholly illegitimate. The opening chapter presents the theme of the book: the cyclical nature of the use of recidivism reduction risk assessment instruments.

Introduction: Effective practice skills: new directions in research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Ugwudike ◽  
Peter Raynor ◽  
Jill Annison
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
International Research ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Offender Supervision ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Practice Skills

This chapter sets out the premise and aims of the book – bringing together international research on evidence-based skills for working with offenders in the criminal justice system. It explains the breadth and parameters of the books, including defining and contextualising the term ‘desistance’ for the purposes of the book. The chapter also explains the genesis of the book, arising from the international Collaboration of Researchers for the Effective Development of Offender Supervision network (CREDOS), and sets out the aims and work of CREDOS. Finally, the introduction summarises the structure and the chapters of the book.

1. Introducing criminal justice

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Julian V. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Wrongful Convictions ◽  
Probation And Parole ◽  
Adversarial Model

The criminal justice system (CJS) is wide-ranging and involves numerous components and professionals. ‘Introducing criminal justice’ outlines the objectives of criminal justice; how crime can be punished and prevented; the key principles of criminal justice; the two contrasting models of criminal justice—the adversarial model and the inquisitorial model; the various components of the CJS—police, prosecution, judiciary, prisons, probation, and parole; the limits on the power of the CJS; discretion in criminal justice decision-making; the limits on the effectiveness of criminal justice; and criminal injustice through wrongful convictions, wrongful acquittals, over or under punishment, or discrimination.

scholarly journals A two-arm parallel-group individually randomised prison pilot study of a male remand alcohol intervention for self-efficacy enhancement: the APPRAISE study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e040636
Author(s):  
Aisha Holloway ◽  
Victoria Guthrie ◽  
Gillian Waller ◽  
Jamie Smith ◽  
Joanne Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Alcohol Intervention ◽  
Parallel Group

IntroductionThe prevalence of at-risk drinking is far higher among those in contact with the criminal justice system (73%) than the general population (35%). However, there is little evidence on the effectiveness of alcohol brief interventions (ABIs) in reducing risky drinking among those in the criminal justice system, including the prison system and, in particular, those on remand. Building on earlier work, A two-arm parallel group individually randomised Prison Pilot study of a male Remand Alcohol Intervention for Self-efficacy Enhancement (APPRAISE) is a pilot study designed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an ABI, delivered to male prisoners on remand. The findings of APPRAISE should provide the information required to design a future definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT).Methods and analysisAPPRAISE will use mixed methods, with two linked phases, across two prisons in the UK, recruiting 180 adult men on remand: 90 from Scotland and 90 from England. Phase I will involve a two-arm, parallel-group, individually randomised pilot study. The pilot evaluation will provide data on the likely impact of A two-arm parallel group individually randomised Prison Pilot study of a male Remand Alcohol Intervention for Self-efficacy Enhancement (APPRAISE), which will be used to inform a future definitive multicentre RCT. Phase II will be a process evaluation assessing how the ABI has been implemented to explore the change mechanisms underpinning the ABI (figure 1) and to assess the context within which the ABI is delivered.Ethics and disseminationThe APPRAISE protocol has been approved by the East of Scotland Research Ethics Committee (19/ES/0068), National Offender Management System (2019-240), Health Board Research and Development (2019/0268), Scottish Prison Service research and ethics committee, and by the University of Edinburgh’s internal ethics department. The findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journal publications, presentations at local, national and international conferences, infographics and shared with relevant stakeholders through meetings and events.Trial registration numberISRCTN27417180.

Individuals with Disabilities in the Criminal Justice System

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELLEN C. WERTLIEB
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Plea Bargaining ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Eighth Amendment ◽  
Miranda Warnings ◽  
Alternatives To Incarceration

A review of the literature was conducted to determine the treatment of individuals with disabilities within the criminal justice system. The focus was on those persons who are suspects or convicted offenders. Issues related to initial interactions with police officers to trial proceedings and eventual incarceration were discussed. Special attention was given to the Miranda warnings, competency to stand trial, plea bargaining, Eighth Amendment issues, and alternatives to incarceration.

scholarly journals DNA profiling of saliva traces habitually deposited on various documents: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Thakar ◽  
Vivek Sahajpal ◽  
Amandeep Kaur Bhambara ◽  
Deepika Bhandari ◽  
Arun Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Cutting Method ◽  
Iodine Test ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dna Profiles ◽  
Important Evidence

Abstract Background A study was conducted to determine whether the habitualness among individuals to apply saliva to their fingertips (for moistening) while shuffling through pages of a document can provide evidence in cases pertaining to handling of documents in forensic investigations. It involved 200 volunteers, 50% of which were male and 50% were female. The volunteers shuffled the pages of the three substrates (registers, books and magazines). An attempt was made to detect the transfer of saliva onto the substrate while shuffling and generation of DNA profiles from the transferred saliva. The presence of salivary stains was confirmed using iodine fuming test and starch iodine test. Afterwards, the DNA was recovered with substrate cutting method, extracted using QIAGEN® QIAmp DNA mini kit and amplified using the Power Plex® 21 System Kit. Results The results revealed that 83% of individuals applied saliva onto the documents and majority of females applied saliva. DNA could be successfully recovered from the stains detected on the three substrates, and complete STR profiles could be generated. Main finding A conclusion can be drawn out that majority of subjects under study were in habit of using saliva to turn pages, and this can be an important evidence to help criminal justice system as DNA profiles could be developed successfully from the substrates. This can be a very good evidence in respect of identifying the individual(s) who handled the document.

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