Solução energética híbrida com armazenamento por bombagem

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Helena M. Ramos ◽  
◽  
Mariana Simão
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Pumped Storage

A elevada intermitência das fontes de energia renováveis condiciona a produção de energia elétrica, que continua a depender muito dos combustíveis fósseis. Uma vez que existe complementaridade por parte das fontes de energia renováveis, a sua integração conjunta é, sem dúvida, a melhor solução para reduzir esta dependência. Aliado a este facto, poderá coexistir um sistema de armazenamento por bombagem, capaz de gerar reservas hídricas, que serão aproveitadas quando a procura exceder a oferta energética. Procedeu-se ao desenvolvimento de dois modelos: um sobre custos de turbomáquinas e outro que visa o estudo do potencial de recuperação de energia de uma solução energética híbrida com armazenamento por bombagem combinado com fonte de energia eólica. Foram estudadas diferentes combinações para estas duas fontes de energia renovável, analisando o consumo satisfeito e a energia eólica não consumida, tendo-se concluído que o excedente de energia eólica pode ser aproveitado para bombagem. The high intermittence of renewable energy sources determines the production of electricity, which remains highly dependent on fossil fuels. Since there is complementarity between renewable energy sources, their joint integration is a potential solution to reduce this dependency. Consequentially, a pumping storage system capable of generating water reserves can coexist, which will be used when demand exceeds the energy supply. Two models were developed: one based on turbomachinery costs and the other based on the potential of energy recovery of a hybrid energy solution with pump storage combined with wind energy. Different combinations were studied for these two sources, analysing the satisfied consumption and the wind energy that is not consumed, in which it was concluded that the surplus of wind energy can be used by pumped storage.

scholarly journals Efficient Methods of Market Pricing in Power Industry within the Context of System Integration of Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Lisin ◽  
Galina Kurdiukova ◽  
Pavel Okley ◽  
Veronika Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Energy Supply Systems

Currently, the majority of world economies (even those located in the sunbelt (+/− 35 degrees of latitude with good sunshine with low seasonality) uses various types of fossil fuels as the main source of energy for their economies. However, this represents a very volatile and unsustainable strategy, since according to various estimates, the fossil fuel era will inevitably end as all carbon fuels are going to be spent in the next few centuries. Unlike traditional energy, renewable energy sources (RES) are not based on energy resources, but rather rely upon natural energy flows. With regard to its unique property, there has been an active construction of power plants of renewable energy and their gradual integration into national energy supply systems in recent decades. At the same time, the existing models of electricity markets were unprepared for their wide distribution. Hence, determination of the market value of energy generated by power plants using renewable energy sources becomes a particularly significant issue. This market value has to take into account the prevention of costs from the use of fossil fuels, as well as the resulting environmental benefits. Our paper proposes methods for solving this problem, contributing to the increase of economic efficiency of investment projects for the construction of renewable energy facilities and the formation of economic incentives for their propagation in energy supply systems. The proposed methods are based on the dynamic differentiation of tariffs for consumers with renewable energy sources depending on their structure of electricity consumption. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by calculating the cost of electricity for households located in the Krasnodar region using renewable energy sources. It is shown that this approach to the formation of tariffs for consumers allows the household to receive additional savings from the efficient use of energy installations on RES and energy storage devices in terms of alignment of the energy consumption schedule. This creates a significant incentive for households to use them and contributes to increasing the effectiveness of government renewable energy support programs, including by solving the acute problem of raising electricity tariffs from the grid.

scholarly journals Review of Optimization Techniques for Sizing Renewable Energy Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mekontso ◽  
Abdulkarim Abubakar ◽  
S. Madugu ◽  
O. Ibrahim ◽  
Y. A. Adediran
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Global Warning

The growing evidence of the global warning phenomena and the rapid depletion of fossil fuels have drawn the world attention to the exploitation of renewable energy sources (RES). However standalone RES have been proven to be very expensive and unreliable in nature owing to the stochastic nature of the energy sources. Hybrid energy system is an excellent solution for electrification of areas where the grid extension is difficult and not economical. One of the main attribute of hybridising is to be able to optimally size each RES including storages with the aim of minimizing operation costs while efficiently and reliably responding to load demand. Hybrid RES emerges as a trend born out of the need to fully utilize and solve problems associated with the reliability of RES. This paper present a review of techniques used in recent optimal sizing of hybrid RES. It discusses several methodologies and criteria for optimization of hybrid RES. The recent trend in optimization in the field of hybrid RES shows that bio-inspired techniques may provide good optimization of system without extensive long weather data.

Cost Analysis of Electricity Generation from Different Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al- Amin ◽  
Al- Amin ◽  
Al- Amin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Different Sources

This paper discusses and analyzes the economics for total cost investment to produce electricity from different sources like Geothermal Energy, Wind Energy, Hydro, Nuclear, Solar, etc. Renewable energy is the focus of this study since it is both affordable and a superior solution than non-renewable energy. The world's nonrenewable energy supply is running out, and prices are rising rapidly. As a result, the use of renewable energy sources is steadily growing. The total installed cost of different sources from 2007-2019 is driven clearly in this paper. An overall discussion on electricity generation is also included in this paper.

scholarly journals Perspectives and Problems of Using Renewable Energy Sources and Implementation of Local “Green” Initiatives: A Regional Assessment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5888
Author(s):  
Saulius Baskutis ◽  
Jolanta Baskutiene ◽  
Valentinas Navickas ◽  
Yuriy Bilan ◽  
Wojciech Cieśliński
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Sustainable Development

Environmental pollution, energy supply and security of supply have become major issues across the world due to climate change, limited energy sources, energy price volatility and energy supply constraints. Energy availability, energy efficiency and the replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy sources are key factors in the global development of sustainable energy. In many countries with limited fossil fuel resources, the sustainable development of renewable energy sources is an important tool in reducing dependence on imported fuels. Some alternative energy sources, such as wind, solar, tidal and hydropower, seem almost inexhaustible. With the exception of tidal energy, all of these sources have been used extensively and for a long time. This article examines the improvement of energy security and the government’s actions to promote the use of renewable energy sources, focusing on increasing energy efficiency and reducing energy intensity and dependence on energy imports in Lithuania. In addition, the article provides the state of renewable energy sources in Lithuania, aspects of sustainability and future development directions and perspectives.

Development of a Chassis Mounted Multi Stage Axial Flow Turbine for Wind Energy Harvesting on a Cruising Transport Vehicle: A CFD Based Approach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreyas S. Hegde ◽  
Anand Thamban ◽  
Arham Ahmed ◽  
Meet Upadhyay ◽  
Arun Mahalingam
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Drag Force ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Exhaust Gases

Fossil fuels have been a means of energy source since a long time, and have tended to the needs of the large global population. These conventional sources are bound to deplete in the near future and hence there is a need for producing energy from renewable energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal, tidal etc. Technologies involving renewable energy are a growing subject of concern. Further, the problem is also one of excessive pollution caused by conventional sources of energy and their impact on the environment. In particular, one of the main sources of pollution is harmful gases emitting out of automobiles. Wind energy is one among the renewable energy sources which is implemented in large scale energy production to supplement growing domestic energy needs. Significant amount of research has been done in this field to harness energy to power household and other amenities using wind farms. The aim of this project is to come up with a low cost solution for wind energy harvesting on moving vehicles. The purpose of this study is to consider the use of wind energy along with conventional energy sources to power automobiles. This would help reduce the use of fossil fuels in automobiles and hence reduce the resulting environmental pollution. Also since the turbine adds to the weight of the vehicle the aim also is to minimize the weight of the turbine. Extensive structural analysis is done for this purpose to choose a material which would be both light weight and also be able to withstand the stresses developed. In the current paper the drag force produced in automobiles is harvested by using a convergent divergent nozzle mounted below the chassis of the car. Initially drag analysis is done in order to determine the increase in drag force produced after mounting of the nozzle. It is found from existing literature that the drag increases by 3.4% after the mounting of the nozzle making it possible the mounting of a nozzle beneath the car. Additionally exhaust gases is also allowed to pass through the same duct to increase the mass flow to the turbine and thus generate more energy. This is made to strike the blades of a 2 stage axial flow turbine whose rotation generates energy. The power output from the turbine is the parameter of interest. This energy can also be stored in batteries and be used to run auxiliary equipment of the automobile including the air conditioner. The exhaust gases will be passed through a catalytic converter before striking the blades of the turbine in order to prevent corrosion of the blades. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to validate the concept and also come up with a design that maximizes energy generation by such turbines. Numerical results obtained by simulation are validated by theoretical calculation based on turbines inlet and outlet velocity triangles. The future scope of the project would include the use of multiple nozzles in order to study its performance.

scholarly journals Problems of renewable energy sources integration in estuary marine ports power supply systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
М.С. Харитонов ◽  
А.Ю. Никишин ◽  
И.Е. Кажекин
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Trade Port

В последние десятилетия наблюдается интенсивный рост морской торговли и увеличение объёмов морских грузоперевозок, которые привели к развитию соответствующей береговой инфраструктуры. Развивающиеся морские порты в ряде случаев становятся центрами экономического роста прибрежных территорий. Из-за локализации негативных экологических факторов в портовом регионе особое значение приобретают проблемы обеспечения экологической безопасности и устойчивого развития. Одним из эффективных методов снижения техногенного воздействия на экологию является замещение ископаемых видов топлива возобновляемыми источниками энергии, обеспечивающими электроэнергию для портовых операций и берегового питания морских судов. Однако для устьевых портов, как правило, характерны ограниченность территорий и пониженный потенциал возобновляемых ресурсов, в частности ветроэнергетики, в виду удаленности от прибрежных морских территорий. В статье на примере Калининградского морского торгового порта рассмотрены вопросы использования возобновляемых источников энергии для целей электроснабжения. Дана оценка потенциала солнечной и ветроэнергетики. Выполнен анализ системы электроснабжения порта и даны рекомендации по внедрению систем распределенной генерации на основе возобновляемых источников энергии. Recent decades have shown rapid growth of maritime trade and an increase in sea freight volumes, which led to the development of coastal infrastructure. Developing seaports in some cases become centers of economic growth in coastal areas. Due to the localization of negative environmental factors in the port region, problems of ensuring environmental safety and sustainable development are of particular importance. One of the effective methods to reduce the technogenic impact on the environment is the replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources that provide electricity for port operations and onshore power supply of ships. However, estuarine ports have limited territories and a reduced potential of renewable resources, in particular wind energy, due to the remoteness from coastal marine territories. The article examines the use of renewable energy sources for power supply using the example of the Kaliningrad Sea Trade Port. An assessment of the potential of solar and wind energy is given. The analysis of the power supply system of the port was carried out and recommendations were given for the implementation of distributed generation systems based on renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Modeling and Swarm Intelligence Based Control of Hybrid Wind-PV System for Grid Integration

2018 ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
B. Manoj Kumar ◽  
Ramesh P.
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Hybrid Energy

With the degradation of fossil fuels, recent era witness the penetration of renewable energy sources like wind and solar energy into various electrical applications. Integration of these renewable energy sources is of prime importance as they possess zero carbon emission, environmental friendly and zero fuel cost. However, the unpredictability and unreliable nature of solar and wind motivates the combine utilization of these sources i.e. hybrid energy systems. These systems are more reliable and have better continuous production of electrical energy than using the sources individually. Combination of hybrid energy system into grid/standalone applications demands the use of power electronic interface and appropriate control strategy. In this context, this thesis aims at development of a hybrid Photovoltaic (PV)/wind energy based systems for grid connected application. PV and wind are hybridized on a DC side to avoid the synchronizing issues between the sources. However, the proposed hybrid system is integrated on distribution side of the grid with a DC/AC converter (inverter). Considering the essential need of synchronization, the control input i.e. pulses to the inverter are generated from a voltage and frequency controller i.e. Phase Lock Loop (PLL).The task of tuning the controller is formulated as an optimization problem and is solved using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. The objective of the system is to meet the load demand and to manage the power generated from different sources at different operating conditions. Each module in the complete system is modeled on Matlab/Simulink platform. Also, the performance of the system is tested for additional utilization of battery charging.

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