Paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis starts at an early stage of inflammation in rats

Immunotherapy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1809-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xie ◽  
Ruilan Wang ◽  
Xue Tang ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Rong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Early Stage

scholarly journals Efficacy of early antifibrotic treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishi Sugino ◽  
Hirotaka Ono ◽  
Natsumi Watanabe ◽  
Masahiro Ando ◽  
Eiyasu Tsuboi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Oxygen Desaturation ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Relative Decline ◽  
Antifibrotic Drugs

Abstract Background Although antifibrotic drugs, including nintedanib and pirfenidone, slow the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), there is little data about the timing of start of antifibrotic treatment in real-world clinical practice. The present study aimed to clarify the efficacy of nintedanib and pirfenidone in patients with early-stage IPF. Methods We compared survival and disease progression between patients with IPF with Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS) disease severity system stage I with and without oxygen desaturation on the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and increased the gender–age–physiology (GAP) staging. We examined the efficacy of antifibrotic drugs in patients with early-stage IPF. Results The severity of stage I IPF (n = 179) according to the JRS criteria consisted of the following GAP staging criteria: stage I, 111 cases; stage II, 58 cases; stage III, 10 cases. The duration from the initial visit to disease progression and survival time was significantly shorter in JRS stage I patients with oxygen desaturation on the 6MWT or with increased GAP staging (unfavorable group) compared with patients without those factors. In the unfavorable group, the relative decline in percentage predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC) over 6 months was significantly lower in patients undergoing antifibrotic treatment compared with non-treated patients. Conclusion Antifibrotic drugs have a beneficial effect on the decline in %FVC in Japanese patients with early-stage IPF who have oxygen desaturation on the 6MWT or increased GAP staging.

scholarly journals A Soft Voting Ensemble-Based Model for the Early Prediction of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) Disease Severity in Lungs Disease Patients

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1092
Author(s):  
Sikandar Ali ◽  
Ali Hussain ◽  
Satyabrata Aich ◽  
Moo Suk Park ◽  
Man Pyo Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Confusion Matrix ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Proposed Model

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is one of the lung diseases, is quite rare but fatal in nature. The disease is progressive, and detection of severity takes a long time as well as being quite tedious. With the advent of intelligent machine learning techniques, and also the effectiveness of these techniques, it was possible to detect many lung diseases. So, in this paper, we have proposed a model that could be able to detect the severity of IPF at the early stage so that fatal situations can be controlled. For the development of this model, we used the IPF dataset of the Korean interstitial lung disease cohort data. First, we preprocessed the data while applying different preprocessing techniques and selected 26 highly relevant features from a total of 502 features for 2424 subjects. Second, we split the data into 80% training and 20% testing sets and applied oversampling on the training dataset. Third, we trained three state-of-the-art machine learning models and combined the results to develop a new soft voting ensemble-based model for the prediction of severity of IPF disease in patients with this chronic lung disease. Hyperparameter tuning was also performed to get the optimal performance of the model. Fourth, the performance of the proposed model was evaluated by calculating the accuracy, AUC, confusion matrix, precision, recall, and F1-score. Lastly, our proposed soft voting ensemble-based model achieved the accuracy of 0.7100, precision 0.6400, recall 0.7100, and F1-scores 0.6600. This proposed model will help the doctors, IPF patients, and physicians to diagnose the severity of the IPF disease in its early stages and assist them to take proactive measures to overcome this disease by enabling the doctors to take necessary decisions pertaining to the treatment of IPF disease.

scholarly journals Fibroblast senescence in the pathology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (2) ◽  
pp. L162-L172 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Waters ◽  
Kaj E. C. Blokland ◽  
Prabuddha S. Pathinayake ◽  
Janette K. Burgess ◽  
Steven E. Mutsaers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Normal Fibroblast ◽  
Cycle Arrest

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown cause with a median survival of only three years. Little is known about the mechanisms that precede the excessive collagen deposition seen in IPF, but cellular senescence has been strongly implicated in disease pathology. Senescence is a state of irreversible cell-cycle arrest accompanied by an abnormal secretory profile and is thought to play a critical role in both development and wound repair. Normally, once a senescent cell has contributed to wound repair, it is promptly removed from the environment via infiltrating immune cells. However, if immune clearance fails, the persistence of senescent cells is thought to drive disease pathology through their altered secretory profile. One of the major cell types involved in wound healing is fibroblasts, and senescent fibroblasts have been identified in the lungs of patients with IPF and in fibroblast cultures from IPF lungs. The question of what is driving abnormally high numbers of fibroblasts into senescence remains unanswered. The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a role in a myriad of processes, including cell-cycle progression, gene transcription, as well as mitochondrial respiration, all of which are dysregulated during senescence. Activation of STAT3 has previously been shown to correlate with IPF progression and therefore is a potential molecular target to modify early-stage senescence and restore normal fibroblast function. This review summarizes what is presently known about fibroblast senescence in IPF and how STAT3 may contribute to this phenotype.

Efficacy of inhaled N-acetylcysteine monotherapy in patients with early stage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Respirology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAKAE HOMMA ◽  
ARATA AZUMA ◽  
HIROYUKI TANIGUCHI ◽  
TAKASHI OGURA ◽  
YOSHIRO MOCHIDUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Early Stage

Industry Watch

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Strategic Alliance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Rnai Therapeutics ◽  
Flu Vaccine ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Potential Cancer

Phylogica Commences Antimicrobial Peptide Discovery under Agreement with MedImmune. Leadtec Systems Australia to Acquire Mimotopes. Sirnaomics Seals Deal for Development of RNAi Therapeutics in China. Simcere and Bristol-Myers Squibb Enter Innovative Partnership to Develop Early-Stage Oncology Compound. Pfizer, Biocon in $350 Million Insulin Pact. Bharat Biotech Announces Launch of 'HNVAC™' India's First Cell-Culture H1N1 Swine Flu Vaccine. Cipla Launches the World's First Generic Pirfenidone in India, Giving Hope to Sufferers of IPF (Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis). Eisai and FORMA Therapeutics Enter into Broad Drug Discovery Collaboration. Philips and Atom Medical Corporation Announce Strategic Alliance to Provide a Complete Neonatal and Perinatal Offering. CiRA and France-based Cellectis Enter Collaboration. Immunovaccine Signs Research Agreement with OncoTherapy Science to Advance Potential Cancer Vaccine. Glycos Biotechnologies Enters Definitive Agreement with Malaysian Bio-XCell. Biocon Plans to Invest $161m in Malaysia to Set Up R&D Unit.

scholarly journals A Novel CD206 Targeting Peptide Inhibits Bleomycin Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anghesom Ghebremedhin ◽  
Ahmad Bin Salam ◽  
Benjamin Adu-Addai ◽  
Steve Noonan ◽  
Richard Stratton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Tgf Β1

AbstractActivated M2 polarized macrophages are drivers of pulmonary fibrosis in several clinical scenarios such as Acute Respiratory Disease Syndrome (ARDS) and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), through the production of inflammatory and fibrosis-inducing cytokines. In this study, we investigated the effect of targeting the CD206 receptor with a novel fragment of a Host Defense Peptide (HDP), RP-832c to decrease cytokines that cause fibrosis. RP-832c selectively binds to CD206 on M2 polarized bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) in vitro, resulting in a time-dependent decrease in CD206 expression, and a transient increase in M1 marker TNFα, which resolves over a 24hr period. To elucidate the antifibrotic effect of RP-832c, we used a murine model of bleomycin (BLM) -induced early-stage pulmonary fibrosis. RP-832c significantly reduced bleomycin-induced fibrosis in a dosage dependent manner, as well as decreased CD206, TGF-β1 and α-SMA expression in mouse lungs. Interestingly we did not observe any changes in the resident alveolar macrophage marker CD170 expression. Similarly, in an established model of lung fibrosis, RP-832c significantly decreased fibrosis in the lung, as well as significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ, CXCL1/2, and fibrosis markers TGF-β1 and MMP-13. In comparison with FDA approved drugs, Nintedanib and Pirfenidone, RP-832c exhibited a similar reduction in fibrosis compared to Pirfenidone, and to a greater extent than Nintedanib, with no apparent toxicities observed on body weight or blood chemistry. In summary, RP-832c is a potential agent to mitigate the overactivity of M2 macrophages in pathogenesis several pulmonary fibrotic diseases, including SARS-CoV-2 induced lung fibrosis.

scholarly journals Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer after surgical resection

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-361
Author(s):  
Hribernik Nezka ◽  
Pozek Igor ◽  
Kern Izidor
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Early Stage Nsclc

Abstract Background The outcomes of patients with both lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are unfavorable. Therapeutic interventions for lung cancer such as surgery can cause acute exacerbation of IPF (aeIPF). This study aimed to assess the frequency of IPF in a group of patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to report clinical characteristics and outcomes of this cohort of patients. Patients and methods This observational cohort retrospective study analyzed 641 pathological records of patients after surgical resection of early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at University Clinic Golnik from May 2010 to April 2017. Pathological records of NSCLC with coexisting IPF were reviewed. CT scans and biopsy specimens for this group of patients were analyzed by a thoracic radiologist and pathologist, independently. We searched radiological and pathological features of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern in this group of patients. We report the clinical characteristics and outcome of this cohort of patients. Results Out of 641 patients with early-stage NSCLC, only 13 (2.0%) had histologically and radiologically proven coexisting UIP/IPF. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of lung cancer (7/13 patients). The majority of tumors were small size (all being pT1 or pT2), stage I–II (11/13 patients), located in the lower lung lobes (11/13 patients). Almost all patients were current or ex-smokers (11/13 patients). There were two pathologically confirmed fatal cases (15.4%) due to aeIPF in the first two months after radical treatment, one after adjuvant radiotherapy and the other after surgery. Out of 13 patients, one patient had a lung cancer relapse. Conclusions Frequency of UIP/IPF in surgically treated early stage NSCLC is rather low. Our observational study shows that radical treatment of lung cancer can cause aeIPF with dismal outcome in this group of patients. The standard of care in these mostly elderly patients still remains unresolved.

scholarly journals Normalization of Elevated Tumor Marker CA27-29 After Bilateral Lung Transplantation in a Patient With Breast Cancer and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-518
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sitki Copur ◽  
Julie Marie Wurdeman ◽  
Debra Nelson ◽  
Ryan Ramaekers ◽  
Dron Gauchan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Transplantation ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Tumor Marker ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Bilateral Lung Transplantation ◽  
Bilateral Lung

Solid tumors involving glandular organs express mucin glycoprotein that is eventually shed into the circulation. As a result, these proteins can easily be measured in the serum and be used as potential tumor markers. The most commonly used tumor markers for breast cancer are CA27-29 and CA15-3, which both measure the glycoprotein product of the mucin-1 (MUC1) gene. CA27-29 has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for monitoring disease activity in breast cancer patients. Most oncology clinical practice guidelines do not recommend the use of tumor markers for routine surveillance of early stage disease but recognize their utility in the metastatic setting. We present a patient with stage IIIA breast cancer and preexisting hypersensitivity pneumonitis who was found to have an elevated serum tumor marker CA27-29. After successful curative intent treatment of her early stage breast cancer, she developed gradual and progressive worsening of her lung disease with eventual development of severe pulmonary fibrosis requiring bilateral lung transplantation. As part of the pretransplant evaluation, she was found to have an elevation of serum tumor marker CA27-29. While the diagnostic evaluation, including imaging studies, was negative for the presence of recurrent disease, the serial serum tumor marker CA27-29 levels remained persistently elevated. The decision was made for her to undergo bilateral lung transplantation. Shortly after surgery, her CA27-29 tumor marker level returned to normal range, and it has continued to remain in the normal range with no evidence of breast cancer recurrence.

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