Clinical development of combination strategies in immunotherapy: are we ready for more than one investigational product in an early clinical trial?

Immunotherapy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L Perez-Gracia ◽  
Pedro Berraondo ◽  
Ivan Martinez-Forero ◽  
Carlos Alfaro ◽  
Natalia Suarez ◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 837-850
Author(s):  
Nimish Patel ◽  
Jeannette Bouchard ◽  
Meredith B. Oliver ◽  
Melissa E. Badowski ◽  
Joseph J. Carreno ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tze Leung Lai ◽  
Olivia Yueh-Wen Liao ◽  
Ray Guangrui Zhu

US Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said R Beydoun ◽  
Jeffrey Rosenfeld

Edaravone significantly slows progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and is the first therapy to receive approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the disease in 22 years. Approval of edaravone has marked a new chapter in pharmaceutical development since the key trial included a novel strategic clinical design involving cohort enrichment. In addition, approval was based on clinical trials that had a relatively small patient number and were performed outside of the US. Edaravone was developed through a series of clinical trials in Japan where it was determined that a well-defined subgroup of patients was required to reveal a treatment effect within the study period. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is associated with wide-ranging disease heterogeneity (both within the spectrum of ALS phenotypes as well as in the rate of progression). The patient cohort enrichment strategy aimed to address this heterogeneity and should now be considered as a viable, and perhaps preferred, trial design for future studies. Future research incorporating relevant biomarkers may help to better elucidate edaravone’s mechanism of action, pharmacodynamics, and subsequently ALS phenotypes that may preferentially benefit from treatment. In this review, we discuss the edaravone clinical development program, outline the strategic clinical trial design, and highlight important lessons for future trials.


2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 836-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed-Eslam F. Mohamed ◽  
Jiewei Zeng ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Balakrishna Hosmane ◽  
Ahmed A. Othman

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