Current transmission prevention methods: reducing disease spread from infected individuals

2014 ◽  
pp. 53-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J Fox ◽  
Guy B Marks ◽  
Warwick J Britton
Keyword(s):  
Disease Spread ◽  
Current Transmission ◽  
Transmission Prevention ◽  
Prevention Methods

scholarly journals COVID-19: prevention and future initiative within nursing homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. e451
Author(s):  
Marysia Wrona ◽  
Sławomir Tobis ◽  
Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis ◽  
Agnieszka Neumann-Podczaska
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Nursing Facilities ◽  
Current Transmission ◽  
Legislative Advocacy ◽  
Staff Protection ◽  
Underlying Theme

The high COVID-19 mortality rate in nursing homes in the United States and internationally prompted a comprehensive mini literature review concerning the prevalence, preventative protocol, and proactive initiatives against the highly infectious COVID-19. PubMed articles published between January and June 2020 and data sourced from government ministries of health concerning COVID-19 in nursing homes were used for this review. The prevalence and mortality rate in seven countries were compared. The underlying theme of the articles reviewed addressed four focus areas for the prevention of infectious disease spread: diagnostics, protection of residents in nursing facilities, administration and staff protection, and legislative advocacy. Adaptations and solutions may reduce the current transmission of COVID-19 within nursing homes, as well as in the future.

Clinical Manifestation and Epidemiological Impacts of Pandemic Zoonotic Disease of the Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Firew Admasu Hailu ◽  
◽  
Tsion Admasu Hailu ◽  
Rodas Firew Admasu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Transmission Prevention ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Corona Viruses

This study used to address the most organized information about clinical demonstration and epidemiological impacts and the new pandemic zoonotic disease called corona virus. Background: The new respiratory virus known as corona (COVID-19) first originated in China at Wuhan, and rapidly spreading to all worldwide continents. The common cold, SARS, MERS and COVID-19 are types of corona viruses, and most people get infected with one or more of these viruses at some point in their lives. COVID-19 is viruses known for containing strains of lethal diseases in mammals and birds, its infections rate is doubling at every six days, infecting large number of people, its name is given from the protrude spikes surfaces, infect the respiratory tract of animals and human, transmit via droplets and contact. Objectives: The objectives of this study is to address scientific information’s about zoonotic disease called COVID-19, its clinical display like symptoms, ways of transmission, prevention methods, epidemiology and complications. Methods: Observing what is happening in the world, and collecting epidemiological data from WHO about COVID-19, organizing and rewrite in scientific methods. Results and Conclusion: Zoonotic diseases are diseases first transmit from infected animal to humans, animals such as bat, rat, pig, insects, fish, etc. The novel COVID-19 have been first originated in Wuhan from seafood sale market of sells fish, bats, snakes and pangolins and highly spreading globally. It is a pandemic zoonotic disease, infecting every individual of human being at any age, sex, race, religions, lifestyle, educational level, etc. Its similar symptoms with other corona viruses type such as strong fever, high elevated body temperature, dry cough, muscle fatigue, breathing difficulties, etc and also less common symptoms includes coughing mucus or blood, headaches, diarrhea, and kidney failure. In addition, as the disease progresses, patients approach with pneumonia, inflames the lungs and causes alveoli to fill with fluid and this can be detected by an X-ray. Its primary ways of transmission includes respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing of fluid produced by infected individuals, touching contaminated surfaces, hands and objects with our hands then our mouth, nose and eye. Based on worldwide epidemiological data, more than 2.8 million people were infected, of which about 200,000 were died within 100 days, whereas, about 25 million people were infected, of which more than 846,000 were died within 220 days and also it creates negative economic impacts especially in developing countries. However, till now there is no recognized therapeutic against corona viruses, therefore advisable prevention methods are washing our hands regularly with soap, use hand sanitizer properly, during coughing and sneezing use inside of our elbow, stop handshaking with anyone, stay at home to limit social co

Evaluations and Analysis of Malware Prevention Methods on Websites

2013 ◽  
Vol E96.B (12) ◽  
pp. 3091-3100
Author(s):  
Takeshi YAGI ◽  
Junichi MURAYAMA ◽  
Takeo HARIU ◽  
Hiroyuki OHSAKI
Keyword(s):  
Prevention Methods

Security Concern and Countermeasures for Cheating in Visual Cryptography

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Ekta Y
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Visual Cryptography ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Visual Cryptography Scheme ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Security Concern

As IT sector is ruling the world now,confidentiality and security of information has become the most important inseparable aspect in information communication system. Keeping in view the same, a new approach called Visual Cryptography (VC) has been suggested by many researchers but there are some limitations with this scheme and cheating is one of the main problem among them. This paper intends to show the basis of cheating in VC in terms of cheating process, its detection methods and its prevention methods suggested by various researchers along with their merits and demerits. Finally, a good Cheating Immune Visual Cryptography Scheme (CIVCS) has been discussed which states the properties to be adopted by every Visual Cryptography scheme to make it immune to cheating attacks.

NUMERICAL AND STABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF SVIR EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH STANDARD INCIDENCE RATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatayo Michael Ogunmiloro ◽  
Fatima Ohunene Abedo ◽  
Hammed Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Equilibrium Solutions ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
Globally Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Differential Transform ◽  
Mathematical Techniques ◽  
Fourth Order Method ◽  
Theoretical Results

In this article, a Susceptible – Vaccinated – Infected – Recovered (SVIR) model is formulated and analysed using comprehensive mathematical techniques. The vaccination class is primarily considered as means of controlling the disease spread. The basic reproduction number (Ro) of the model is obtained, where it was shown that if Ro<1, at the model equilibrium solutions when infection is present and absent, the infection- free equilibrium is both locally and globally asymptotically stable. Also, if Ro>1, the endemic equilibrium solution is locally asymptotically stable. Furthermore, the analytical solution of the model was carried out using the Differential Transform Method (DTM) and Runge - Kutta fourth-order method. Numerical simulations were carried out to validate the theoretical results. 

The Effect of Secondary Metalworking Processes on Susceptibility of Aircraft to Catastrophic Failures and Prevention Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1207-1212
Author(s):  
E.S. Dzidowski
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Recovery ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Adiabatic Shear ◽  
Deformation Mechanisms ◽  
Processing Maps ◽  
Adiabatic Shear Bands ◽  
Flow Localization ◽  
Catastrophic Failures ◽  
Prevention Methods

Abstract The causes of plane crashes, stemming from the subcritical growth of fatigue cracks, are examined. It is found that the crashes occurred mainly because of the negligence of the defects arising in the course of secondary metalworking processes. It is shown that it is possible to prevent such damage, i.e. voids, wedge cracks, grain boundary cracks, adiabatic shear bands and flow localization, through the use of processing maps indicating the ranges in which the above defects arise and the ranges in which safe deformation mechanisms, such as deformation in dynamic recrystallization conditions, superplasticity, globularization and dynamic recovery, occur. Thanks to the use of such maps the processes can be optimized by selecting proper deformation rates and forming temperatures.

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