Optimal use of EGFR inhibitors: challenges, new drugs and future directions

2012 ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Sara De Dosso ◽  
Rodrigo Dienstmann ◽  
Josep Tabernero
Keyword(s):  
New Drugs ◽  
Egfr Inhibitors ◽  
Future Directions

scholarly journals Evolution of Cancer Vaccines—Challenges, Achievements and Future Directions

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 535
Author(s):  
Ban Qi Tay ◽  
Quentin Wright ◽  
Rahul Ladwa ◽  
Christopher Perry ◽  
Graham Leggatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Vaccines ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Tumour Antigens ◽  
Target Characteristics ◽  
Toxic Responses ◽  
Shed Light

The development of cancer vaccines has been intensively pursued over the past 50 years with modest success. However, recent advancements in the fields of genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, and immunology have renewed interest in these immunotherapies and allowed the development of promising cancer vaccine candidates. Numerous clinical trials testing the response evoked by tumour antigens, differing in origin and nature, have shed light on the desirable target characteristics capable of inducing strong tumour-specific non-toxic responses with increased potential to bring clinical benefit to patients. Novel delivery methods, ranging from a patient’s autologous dendritic cells to liposome nanoparticles, have exponentially increased the abundance and exposure of the antigenic payloads. Furthermore, growing knowledge of the mechanisms by which tumours evade the immune response has led to new approaches to reverse these roadblocks and to re-invigorate previously suppressed anti-tumour surveillance. The use of new drugs in combination with antigen-based therapies is highly targeted and may represent the future of cancer vaccines. In this review, we address the main antigens and delivery methods used to develop cancer vaccines, their clinical outcomes, and the new directions that the vaccine immunotherapy field is taking.

scholarly journals Oxidative Phosphorylation—an Update on a New, Essential Target Space for Drug Discovery in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Shi-Yan Foo ◽  
Kevin Pethe ◽  
Andréanne Lupien
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Target Space ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor

New drugs with new mechanisms of action are urgently required to tackle the global tuberculosis epidemic. Following the FDA-approval of the ATP synthase inhibitor bedaquiline (Sirturo®), energy metabolism has become the subject of intense focus as a novel pathway to exploit for tuberculosis drug development. This enthusiasm stems from the fact that oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and the maintenance of the transmembrane electrochemical gradient are essential for the viability of replicating and non-replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the etiological agent of human tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, new drugs targeting this pathway have the potential to shorten TB treatment, which is one of the major goals of TB drug discovery. This review summarises the latest and key findings regarding the OxPhos pathway in M. tb and provides an overview of the inhibitors targeting various components. We also discuss the potential of new regimens containing these inhibitors, the flexibility of this pathway and, consequently, the complexity in targeting it. Lastly, we discuss opportunities and future directions of this drug target space.

scholarly journals Clinical Development of the CDK4/6 Inhibitors Ribociclib and Abemaciclib in Breast Cancer

Breast Care ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romualdo Barroso-Sousa ◽  
Geoffrey I. Shapiro ◽  
Sara M. Tolaney
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinases ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Central Nervous System Penetration

Clinical and preclinical data support a significant role for inhibitors of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 4 and 6 in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. Recently, based on data showing improvement in progression-free survival, the use of palbociclib (Ibrance; Pfizer, Inc.) in combination with endocrine agents was approved to treat patients with hormone receptor-positive advanced disease. Importantly, 2 other CDK4/6 inhibitors, abemaciclib (LY2835219; Lilly) and ribociclib (LEE011; Novartis), are in the late stage of clinical development. In this review, we will focus on clinical data on these 2 new drugs, highlighting their differences compared to palbociclib in terms of single-agent activity, central nervous system penetration, and common adverse events. In addition, we will present the ongoing clinical trials and discuss future directions in the field.

scholarly journals Cabozantinib for HCC Treatment, From Clinical Back to Experimental Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Deng ◽  
Antonio Solinas ◽  
Diego F. Calvisi
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Multikinase Inhibitor ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Advanced Hcc ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Systemic Therapies

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Patients with early-stage HCC can be treated successfully with surgical resection or liver transplantation. However, the usual late diagnosis of HCC precludes curative treatments, and systemic therapies are the only viable option for inoperable patients. Sorafenib, an orally available multikinase inhibitor, is a systemic therapy approved for treating patients with advanced HCC yet providing limited benefits. Consequently, new drugs have been developed to overcome sorafenib resistance and improve patients’ prognoses. A new promising strategy is using c-MET inhibitors, such as cabozantinib, as activation of c-MET occurs in up to 40% of HCC patients. In particular, cabozantinib, in combination with the checkpoint inhibitor atezolizumab, is currently in phase 3 clinical trial for HCC, and the results are eagerly awaited. Herein, we summarize and review the drugs approved for the treatment of advanced HCC, mainly focusing on the clinical and preclinical efficacy evaluation of cabozantinib. Also, we report the available preclinical data on cabozantinib-based combination therapies for HCC, current obstacles for cabozantinib therapy, and the future directions for cabozantinib-based treatment for HCC.

scholarly journals Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: pathogenetic mechanisms and new approaches to pharmacotherapy (literature review)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
T. M. Alekseeva ◽  
T. R. Stuchevskaya ◽  
V. S. Demeshonok
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Service ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Made In

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease, resulting in the loss of self-service and death of the middle-aged and elderly people. In the last 2 decades, significant progress has been made in the study of the pathogenesis of this disease. Two known drugs (riluzole and edaravone) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The efficacy of these drugs is extremely low, so clinical trials of new drugs are ongoing all over the world. This review discusses the current achievements and future directions of therapy of this disease.

scholarly journals A Review of Current In Silico Methods for Repositioning Drugs and Chemical Compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binsheng He ◽  
Fangxing Hou ◽  
Changjing Ren ◽  
Pingping Bing ◽  
Xiangzuo Xiao
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Matrix Decomposition ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Tumor Drugs

Drug repositioning is a new way of applying the existing therapeutics to new disease indications. Due to the exorbitant cost and high failure rate in developing new drugs, the continued use of existing drugs for treatment, especially anti-tumor drugs, has become a widespread practice. With the assistance of high-throughput sequencing techniques, many efficient methods have been proposed and applied in drug repositioning and individualized tumor treatment. Current computational methods for repositioning drugs and chemical compounds can be divided into four categories: (i) feature-based methods, (ii) matrix decomposition-based methods, (iii) network-based methods, and (iv) reverse transcriptome-based methods. In this article, we comprehensively review the widely used methods in the above four categories. Finally, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and indicate future directions for more sensitive computational drug repositioning methods and individualized tumor treatment, which are critical for further experimental validation.

scholarly journals Advances in hematology – research that revolutionized patient care

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Wach ◽  
Monika Podhorecka ◽  
Maria Cioch ◽  
Iwona Hus ◽  
Ewa Wąsik-Szczepanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Cytostatic Therapy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Molecular Change ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Diagnostic Management ◽  
Made In

AbstractIn the last decades, substantial strides have been made in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of blood diseases. The new drugs to be used in combination with cytostatic therapy have been developed, based on increased understanding of the biology of neoplasia. The diagnosis of several diseases is based exclusively on cytogenetic and molecular analysis which has become a part of routine diagnostic management. Moreover, molecular definition has allowed the introduction of therapy targeted at molecular change characteristic for a given disease. The introduction of novel agents for the treatment of hematological disorders has resulted in a great improvement in response rate and median survival.The aim of this study is to show advances and possible future directions in the treatment of chosen hematological malignancies during the recent decades.

On Future Directions in Pathology

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document