Emerging chemotherapy agents in ovarian cancer

2012 ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Daliah Tsoref ◽  
Amit M Oza
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

scholarly journals Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
McKayla J. Riggs ◽  
Prakash K. Pandalai ◽  
Joseph Kim ◽  
Charles S. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽  
Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Recurrent Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in conjunction with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) holds promise as an adjunctive treatment strategy in malignancies affecting the peritoneal surface, effectively targeting remaining microscopic residual tumor. HIPEC increases concentrations of chemotherapy directly within the peritoneal cavity compared with the intravenous route and reduces the systemic side effects associated with prolonged adjuvant intraperitoneal exposure. Furthermore, hyperthermia increases tissue penetration and is synergistic with the therapeutic chemotherapy agents used. In ovarian cancer, evidence is building for its use in both primary and recurrent scenarios. In this review, we examine the history of HIPEC, the techniques used, and the available data guiding its use in primary and recurrent ovarian cancer.

Gemcitabine-Induced Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report

Chemotherapy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 236-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masha Ben Zvi ◽  
Hananya Vaknine ◽  
Joseph Menczer ◽  
Ofri Peled ◽  
Erez Ben Shem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Recurrent Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents ◽  
Cutaneous Lupus

Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) is a rare eruption related to several pharmacological and chemotherapy agents. We present a 63-year-old female with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer who developed SCLE after administration of gemcitabine. Following discontinuation of gemcitabine and after oral steroid treatment, all skin lesions disappeared. In view of the extensive use of gemcitabine in recurrent ovarian cancer, it is important to be aware of the possibility of SCLE occurrence in these patients.

scholarly journals Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer: How Is the Immune System Involved in Prognosis and Therapy: Potential for Treatment Utilization

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos G. Gavalas ◽  
Alexandra Karadimou ◽  
Meletios A. Dimopoulos ◽  
Aristotelis Bamias
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Treatment Utilization ◽  
Nk T Cells ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among women. Resistance to the disease occurs in more than 70% of the cases even after treated with chemotherapy agents such as paclitaxel- and platinum-based agents. The immune system is increasingly becoming a target for intense research in order to study the host's immune response against ovarian cancer. T cell populations, including NK T cells and Tregs, and cytokines have been associated with disease outcome, indicating their increasing clinical significance, having been associated with prognosis and as markers of disease progress, respectively. Harnessing the immune system capacity in order to induce antitumor response remains a major challenge. This paper examines the recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms of development of the immune response in ovarian cancer as well as its prognostic significance and the existing experience in clinical studies.

Revisiting the Role of Radiation Treatment for Non-serous Subtypes of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2013 ◽  
pp. e205-e208
Author(s):  
G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Subtype A ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents ◽  
Retrospective Examination

Except for its palliative use, radiation has been largely abandoned in the management of ovarian cancers because of the recognized efficacy of chemotherapy agents. Whole abdominal irradiation (WAR), however, has been shown to be of adjuvant and curative value in ovarian cancer with microscopic or minimal residual disease in the pelvis, the so-called “intermediate risk group.” Recent hypothesis generating data from the use of adjuvant radiation following adjuvant chemotherapy in ovarian cancer has shown an incremental survival benefit for the rarer non-serous ovarian subtypes including clear cell, endometrioid, and mucinous. No incremental benefit was observed for the more common serous subtype. A retrospective examination of early trials using WAR as the sole postoperative treatment in ovarian cancer has determined that the majority of patients in these studies and cured by radiation actually had the non-serous subtypes. The recognition that the non-serous subtypes differ from the serous cancers in their stage of presentation, their molecular characteristics, their response to classic chemotherapy, and their outcomes suggest the non-serous subtypes should be treated as rare and different cancers. In addition to specific targeting therapies that may be developed, radiation should be reconsidered as part of the treatment armamentarium for these diseases.

Update on the Prevention and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Marisa Navo ◽  
Judith A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Surgical Strategies ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Investigational Agents ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents ◽  
Tumor Debulking ◽  
Term Benefit ◽  
Optimal Tumor

Ovarian cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer among women and the number one gynecologic fatality. The etiology of ovarian cancer is still an enigma. Three common hypotheses under investigation include the ovulation, the pituitary gonadotropin, and the chronic inflammatory processes. Chemoprevention strategies used for ovarian cancer include oral contraceptives, aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and retinoids. Surgical strategies are also used in the prevention of ovarian cancer. The primary treatment for patients with ovarian cancer is surgery with optimal tumor debulking, and for patients with advanced disease, this is followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The standard practice is to follow surgery with six cycles of paclitaxel plus carboplatin. The second-line chemotherapy agents have had minimal long-term benefit for treating ovarian cancer. Hence, treatment with investigational agents remains the best option for patients with recurrent disease due to lack of alternative curative treatment.

scholarly journals Kinase Inhibitors and Ovarian Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katopodis ◽  
Chudasama ◽  
Wander ◽  
Sales ◽  
Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Mtor Inhibitors ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Gynecological Malignancy ◽  
Phase Iii Trials ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents ◽  
Multiple Signaling

Ovarian cancer is fifth in the rankings of cancer deaths among women, and accounts for more deaths than any other gynecological malignancy. Despite some improvement in overall-(OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) following surgery and first-line chemotherapy, there is a need for development of novel and more effective therapeutic strategies. In this mini review, we provide a summary of the current landscape of the clinical use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors in ovarian cancer. Emerging data from phase I and II trials reveals that a combinatorial treatment that includes TKIs and chemotherapy agents seems promising in terms of PFS despite some adverse effects recorded; whereas the use of mTOR inhibitors seems less effective. There is a need for further research into the inhibition of multiple signaling pathways in ovarian cancer and progression to phase III trials for drugs that seem most promising.

Prolonged Surgical Interval Following Chemotherapy in a Patient With Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis (iSGS): Case Report and Brief Review of Literature

2022 ◽  
pp. 000348942110686
Author(s):  
Rafael Ospino ◽  
Alexandra Berges ◽  
Lena W. Chen ◽  
Ioan Lina ◽  
Alexander T. Hillel
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Subglottic Stenosis ◽  
Caucasian Woman ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Doxorubicin Treatment ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

Objective: To report a case of a patient with idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) who no longer required surgical intervention for her disease following a chemotherapy regimen of carboplatin and doxorubicin for ovarian cancer. A brief review of the literature and discussion on the possible mechanism of action of chemotherapy agents affecting fibrosis is included. Methods: Case report and review of literature. Results: A 71-year-old Caucasian woman with iSGS was managed with serial endoscopic excision and dilation (n = 5) from 2013 to 2017 with an average dilation interval of 12.3 months. After a course of doxorubicin and carboplatin to treat her ovarian cancer, we observed that her airway stenosis surprisingly stabilized, and has no longer required a surgical dilation for 45 months, which signifies an increase of 33 months when compared to her averaged dilation interval (12.3 months) prior to her second course of chemotherapy. Conclusion: We present an iSGS patient whose fibrosis was arrested following carboplatin/doxorubicin treatment. While a single case, a possible mechanism is carboplatin/doxorubicin’s inhibition of pathologic CD4 lymphocytes that propagate laryngotracheal fibrosis. Further investigation of like mechanisms may allow for translation of local agents with inhibitory effects on CD4+ cells and/or fibroblasts as a novel therapy for airway fibrosis.

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