scholarly journals Maize/ Joint Velch Intercropping and N Fertilization Effects on Striga Infestation and Maize Grain Yield in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1233-1241
Author(s):  
M.S Bassey ◽  
P. A Ibrahim ◽  
A.K Mohammed ◽  
Musa Isah ◽  
A.B Hadiza ◽  
...  
Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Ning ◽  
Yunfeng Peng ◽  
Felix Fritschi

Maize grain yield is considered to be highly associated with ear and leaf carbohydrate dynamics during the critical period bracketing silking and during the fast grain filling phase. However, a full understanding of how differences in N availability/plant N status influence carbohydrate dynamics and processes underlying yield formation remains elusive. Two field experiments were conducted to examine maize ear development, grain yield and the dynamics of carbohydrates in maize ear leaves and developing ears in response to differences in N availability. Increasing N availability stimulated ear growth during the critical two weeks bracketing silking and during the fast grain-filling phase, consequently resulting in greater maize grain yield. In ear leaves, sucrose and starch concentrations exhibited an obvious diurnal pattern at both silking and 20 days after silking, and N fertilization led to more carbon flux to sucrose biosynthesis than to starch accumulation. The elevated transcript abundance of key genes involved in starch biosynthesis and maltose export, as well as the sugar transporters (SWEETs) important for phloem loading, indicated greater starch turnover and sucrose export from leaves under N-fertilized conditions. In developing ears, N fertilization likely enhanced the cleavage of sucrose to glucose and fructose in the cob prior to and at silking and the synthesis from glucose and fructose to sucrose in the kernels after silking, and thus increasing kernel setting and filling. At the end, we propose a source-sink carbon partitioning framework to illustrates how N application influences carbon assimilation in leaves, transport, and conversions in developing reproductive tissues, ultimately leading to greater yield.


2016 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 166-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Seddaiu ◽  
Ileana Iocola ◽  
Roberta Farina ◽  
Roberto Orsini ◽  
Giuseppe Iezzi ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Moses Samuel BASSEY ◽  
Joy Ekaette ETOPOBONG ◽  
Bigun Ishaku PONMAN ◽  
Sheriff Adam BADOM ◽  
Aliyu USMAN ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KERMAH ◽  
A. C. FRANKE ◽  
B. D. K. AHIABOR ◽  
S. ADJEI-NSIAH ◽  
R. C. ABAIDOO ◽  
...  

SUMMARYSoil nutrient constraints coupled with erratic rainfall have led to poor crop yields and occasionally to crop failure in sole cropping in the Guinea savanna of West Africa. We explored different maize-grain legume diversification and intensification options that can contribute to mitigating risks of crop failure, increase crop productivity under different soil fertility levels, while improving soil fertility due to biological N2-fixation by the legume. There were four relay patterns with cowpea sown first and maize sown at least 2 weeks after sowing (WAS) cowpea; two relay patterns with maize sown first and cowpea sown at least 3 WAS maize in different spatial arrangements. These were compared with groundnut-maize, soybean–maize, fallow-maize and continuous maize rotations in fields high, medium and poor in fertility at a site each in the southern (SGS) and northern (NGS) Guinea savanna of northern Ghana. Legumes grown in the poorly fertile fields relied more on N2-fixation for growth leading to generally larger net N inputs to the soil. Crop yields declined with decreasing soil fertility and were larger in the SGS than in the NGS due to more favourable rainfall and soil fertility. Spatial arrangements of relay intercrops did not have any significant impact on maize and legume grain yields. Sowing maize first followed by a cowpea relay resulted in 0.18–0.26 t ha−1 reduction in cowpea grain yield relative to cowpea sown from the onset. Relaying maize into cowpea led to a 0.29–0.64 t ha−1 reduction in maize grain yield relative to maize sown from the onset in the SGS. In the NGS, a decline of 0.66 and 0.82 t ha−1 in maize grain yield relative to maize sown from the onset was observed due to less rainfall received by the relay maize. Groundnut and soybean induced 0.38–1.01 t ha−1 more grain yield of a subsequent maize relative to continuous maize, and 1.17–1.71 t ha−1 more yield relative to relay maize across both sites. Accumulated crop yields over both years suggest that sowing maize first followed by cowpea relay is a promising ecological intensification option besides the more common legume–maize rotation in the Guinea savanna, as it was comparable with soybean–maize rotation and more productive than the other treatments.


2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
T. Árendás ◽  
L. C. Marton ◽  
P. Bónis ◽  
Z. Berzsenyi

The effect of varying weather conditions on the moisture content of the maize grain yield was investigated in Martonvásár, Hungary from late August to late September, and from the 3rd third of September to the 1st third of Novemberbetween 1999 and 2002. In every year a close positive correlation (P=0.1%) could be observed between the moisture content in late September and the rate of drying down in October. Linear regression was used each year to determine the equilibrium moisture content, to which the moisture content of kernels returned if they contained less than this quantity of water in late September and harvesting was delayed. In the experimental years this value ranged from 15.24-19.01%.


2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Jun-Hong XIE ◽  
Ling-Ling LI ◽  
Ren-Zhi ZHANG ◽  
Qiang CHAI

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Liang YE ◽  
Yu-Fang HUANG ◽  
Chun-Sheng LIU ◽  
Ri-Tao QU ◽  
Hai-Yan SONG ◽  
...  

Crop Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Martínez‐Barajas ◽  
C. Villanueva‐Verduzco ◽  
J. Molina‐Galán ◽  
H. Loza‐Tavera ◽  
E. Sánchez‐de‐Jiménez

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